Flowers Image Classification with TensorFlow on Cloud ML Engine

This notebook demonstrates how to do image classification from scratch on a flowers dataset using the Estimator API.



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import os
PROJECT = "cloud-training-demos" # REPLACE WITH YOUR PROJECT ID
BUCKET = "cloud-training-demos-ml" # REPLACE WITH YOUR BUCKET NAME
REGION = "us-central1" # REPLACE WITH YOUR BUCKET REGION e.g. us-central1
MODEL_TYPE = "cnn"

# do not change these
os.environ["PROJECT"] = PROJECT
os.environ["BUCKET"] = BUCKET
os.environ["REGION"] = REGION
os.environ["MODEL_TYPE"] = MODEL_TYPE
os.environ["TFVERSION"] = "1.13"  # Tensorflow version



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%%bash
gcloud config set project $PROJECT
gcloud config set compute/region $REGION

Input functions to read JPEG images

The key difference between this notebook and the MNIST one is in the input function. In the input function here, we are doing the following:

Reading JPEG images, rather than 2D integer arrays.
Reading in batches of batch_size images rather than slicing our in-memory structure to be batch_size images.
Resizing the images to the expected HEIGHT, WIDTH. Because this is a real-world dataset, the images are of different sizes. We need to preprocess the data to, at the very least, resize them to constant size.

Run as a Python module

Let's first run it locally for a short while to test the code works. Note the --model parameter



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%%bash
rm -rf flowersmodel.tar.gz flowers_trained
gcloud ml-engine local train \
    --module-name=flowersmodel.task \
    --package-path=${PWD}/flowersmodel \
    -- \
    --output_dir=${PWD}/flowers_trained \
    --train_steps=5 \
    --learning_rate=0.01 \
    --batch_size=2 \
    --model=$MODEL_TYPE \
    --augment \
    --train_data_path=gs://cloud-ml-data/img/flower_photos/train_set.csv \
    --eval_data_path=gs://cloud-ml-data/img/flower_photos/eval_set.csv

Now, let's do it on ML Engine. Note the --model parameter



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%%bash
OUTDIR=gs://${BUCKET}/flowers/trained_${MODEL_TYPE}
JOBNAME=flowers_${MODEL_TYPE}_$(date -u +%y%m%d_%H%M%S)
echo $OUTDIR $REGION $JOBNAME
gsutil -m rm -rf $OUTDIR
gcloud ml-engine jobs submit training $JOBNAME \
    --region=$REGION \
    --module-name=flowersmodel.task \
    --package-path=${PWD}/flowersmodel \
    --job-dir=$OUTDIR \
    --staging-bucket=gs://$BUCKET \
    --scale-tier=BASIC_GPU \
    --runtime-version=$TFVERSION \
    -- \
    --output_dir=$OUTDIR \
    --train_steps=1000 \
    --learning_rate=0.01 \
    --batch_size=40 \
    --model=$MODEL_TYPE \
    --augment \
    --batch_norm \
    --train_data_path=gs://cloud-ml-data/img/flower_photos/train_set.csv \
    --eval_data_path=gs://cloud-ml-data/img/flower_photos/eval_set.csv

Monitoring training with TensorBoard

Use this cell to launch tensorboard



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from google.datalab.ml import TensorBoard
TensorBoard().start("gs://{}/flowers/trained_{}".format(BUCKET, MODEL_TYPE))



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for pid in TensorBoard.list()["pid"]:
    TensorBoard().stop(pid)
    print("Stopped TensorBoard with pid {}".format(pid))

Here are my results:

Model	Accuracy	Time taken	Run time parameters
cnn with batch-norm	0.582	47 min	1000 steps, LR=0.01, Batch=40
as above, plus augment	0.615	3 hr	5000 steps, LR=0.01, Batch=40

Deploying and predicting with model

Deploy the model:



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%%bash
MODEL_NAME="flowers"
MODEL_VERSION=${MODEL_TYPE}
MODEL_LOCATION=$(gsutil ls gs://${BUCKET}/flowers/trained_${MODEL_TYPE}/export/exporter | tail -1)
echo "Deleting and deploying $MODEL_NAME $MODEL_VERSION from $MODEL_LOCATION ... this will take a few minutes"
#gcloud ml-engine versions delete --quiet ${MODEL_VERSION} --model ${MODEL_NAME}
#gcloud ml-engine models delete ${MODEL_NAME}
gcloud ml-engine models create ${MODEL_NAME} --regions $REGION
gcloud ml-engine versions create ${MODEL_VERSION} --model ${MODEL_NAME} --origin ${MODEL_LOCATION} --runtime-version=$TFVERSION

To predict with the model, let's take one of the example images that is available on Google Cloud Storage

The online prediction service expects images to be base64 encoded as described here.



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%%bash
IMAGE_URL=gs://cloud-ml-data/img/flower_photos/sunflowers/1022552002_2b93faf9e7_n.jpg

# Copy the image to local disk.
gsutil cp $IMAGE_URL flower.jpg

# Base64 encode and create request message in json format.
python -c 'import base64, sys, json; img = base64.b64encode(open("flower.jpg", "rb").read()).decode(); print(json.dumps({"image_bytes":{"b64": img}}))' &> request.json

Send it to the prediction service



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%%bash
gcloud ml-engine predict \
  --model=flowers \
  --version=${MODEL_TYPE} \
  --json-instances=./request.json

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