In [ ]:

    

print("Hello")


    

In [ ]:

    

# Strings are immutable types, once created we can not modify a string. Any operation on string will result
# in a new string
country = "India"
# strings are stored as lists (non-mutable), we can access each character by its index
print(country[0])
print(country[1])


    

In [ ]:

    

# We can iterate over each element in string by index
for character in country:
    print(character, end='-') # Using end as an argument print acts as a de-limiter and prints 
                              # the characters accordingly


    

In [ ]:

    

user = input("Enter username: ")
'Hello user: {}'.format(user)


    

In [1]:

    

# Raw formatting
'Numbers are {} {}'.format(1,2)


    

    
Out[1]:





'Numbers are 1 2'

In [3]:

    

# Formatting with index of arguments, an option to change placeholders ! 
'Numbers are {1} {0}'.format(6,7)


    

    
Out[3]:





'Numbers are 7 6'

In [6]:

    

'{:>10}'.format('test')


    

    
Out[6]:





'      test'

In [7]:

    

'{:<10}'.format('test')


    

    
Out[7]:





'test      '

In [8]:

    

'{:10}'.format('test')


    

    
Out[8]:





'test      '

In [9]:

    

'{:_<10}'.format('test')


    

    
Out[9]:





'test______'

In [15]:

    

'{:_>10}'.format('test')


    

    
Out[15]:





'______test'

In [12]:

    

'{:^10}'.format('test')


    

    
Out[12]:





'   test   '

In [17]:

    

'{:_^10}'.format('test')


    

    
Out[17]:





'___test___'

In [22]:

    

'{:.5}'.format('xylophone')


    

    
Out[22]:





'xylop'

In [23]:

    

'{:10.5}'.format('xylophone')


    

    
Out[23]:





'xylop     '

In [29]:

    

'{:_<10.5}'.format('xylophone')


    

    
Out[29]:





'xylop_____'

In [26]:

    

'{:_>10.5}'.format('xylophone')


    

    
Out[26]:





'_____xylop'

In [30]:

    

'{:d}'.format(42) #Ints


    

    
Out[30]:





'42'

In [31]:

    

'{:f}'.format(3.141592653589793)


    

    
Out[31]:





'3.141593'

In [32]:

    

# Padding numbers
'{:4d}'.format(42)


    

    
Out[32]:





'  42'

In [33]:

    

'{:04d}'.format(42)


    

    
Out[33]:





'0042'

In [34]:

    

# Padding and truncating float
'{:06.2f}'.format(3.141592653589793)


    

    
Out[34]:





'003.14'

In [41]:

    

# Signing numbers
'{:+d}'.format(42)


    

    
Out[41]:





'+42'

In [42]:

    

'{:d}'.format(-42)


    

    
Out[42]:





'-42'

In [49]:

    

# Placeholders 
data = {'name': 'John', 'password': 'john123'}
print('Username is {name} and password is {password}'.format(**data))
print('Username is {name} and password is {password}'.format(name='Opensource',password='Welcome'))


    

    




Username is John and password is john123
Username is Opensource and password is Welcome

In [50]:

    

person = {'first': 'Hello', 'last': 'User'}
'{p[first]} {p[last]}'.format(p=person)


    

    
Out[50]:





'Hello User'

In [51]:

    

data = [4, 8, 15, 16, 23, 42]
'{d[4]} {d[5]}'.format(d=data)


    

    
Out[51]:





'23 42'

In [52]:

    

class Plant(object):
    type = 'tree'
    
'{p.type}'.format(p=Plant())


    

    
Out[52]:





'tree'

In [53]:

    

class Plant(object):
    type = 'tree'
    kinds = [{'name': 'oak'}, {'name': 'maple'}]
    
'{p.type}: {p.kinds[0][name]}'.format(p=Plant())


    

    
Out[53]:





'tree: oak'

In [54]:

    

from datetime import datetime
'{:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M}'.format(datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5))


    

    
Out[54]:





'2001-02-03 04:05'

In [2]:

    

# Single quotes
'Isn\'t'


    

    
Out[2]:





"Isn't"

In [3]:

    

"Isn't"


    

    
Out[3]:





"Isn't"

In [ ]: