In [1]:
import cartopy.crs as ccrs

Documentation for supported projections is at:

https://scitools.org.uk/cartopy/docs/latest/crs/projections.html


In [2]:
help(ccrs)


Help on module cartopy.crs in cartopy:

NAME
    cartopy.crs

DESCRIPTION
    The crs module defines Coordinate Reference Systems and the transformations
    between them.

CLASSES
    cartopy._crs.CRS(builtins.object)
        Projection
            AlbersEqualArea
            AzimuthalEquidistant
            Gnomonic
            InterruptedGoodeHomolosine
            LambertAzimuthalEqualArea
            LambertConformal
            Mercator
            Orthographic
            Sinusoidal
            Stereographic
                NorthPolarStereo
                SouthPolarStereo
            TransverseMercator
                OSGB
                OSNI
            UTM
                EuroPP
        RotatedGeodetic
    _CylindricalProjection(_RectangularProjection)
        PlateCarree
        RotatedPole
    _RectangularProjection(Projection)
        LambertCylindrical
        Miller
    _Satellite(Projection)
        Geostationary
        NearsidePerspective
    _WarpedRectangularProjection(Projection)
        Mollweide
        Robinson
    
    class AlbersEqualArea(Projection)
     |  An Albers Equal Area projection
     |  
     |  This projection is conic and equal-area, and is commonly used for maps of
     |  the conterminous United States.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      AlbersEqualArea
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, central_latitude=0.0, false_easting=0.0, false_northing=0.0, standard_parallels=(20.0, 50.0), globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The central longitude. Defaults to 0.
     |      central_latitude: optional
     |          The central latitude. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      standard_parallels: optional
     |          The one or two latitudes of correct scale. Defaults to (20, 50).
     |      globe: optional
     |          A :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default globe is
     |          created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class AzimuthalEquidistant(Projection)
     |  An Azimuthal Equidistant projection
     |  
     |  This projection provides accurate angles about and distances through the
     |  central position. Other angles, distances, or areas may be distorted.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      AzimuthalEquidistant
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, central_latitude=0.0, false_easting=0.0, false_northing=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The true longitude of the central meridian in degrees.
     |          Defaults to 0.
     |      central_latitude: optional
     |          The true latitude of the planar origin in degrees.
     |          Defaults to 0.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      globe: optional
     |          An instance of :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default
     |          globe is created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class EuroPP(UTM)
     |  UTM Zone 32 projection for EuroPP domain.
     |  
     |  Ellipsoid is International 1924, Datum is ED50.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      EuroPP
     |      UTM
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      zone
     |          The numeric zone of the UTM required.
     |      southern_hemisphere: optional
     |          Set to True if the zone is in the southern hemisphere. Defaults to
     |          False.
     |      globe: optional
     |          An instance of :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default
     |          globe is created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from UTM:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Geostationary(_Satellite)
     |  Perspective view looking directly down from above a point on the equator.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Geostationary
     |      _Satellite
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, satellite_height=35785831, false_easting=0, false_northing=0, globe=None, sweep_axis='y')
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _Satellite:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Gnomonic(Projection)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Gnomonic
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_latitude=0.0, central_longitude=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class InterruptedGoodeHomolosine(Projection)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      InterruptedGoodeHomolosine
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class LambertAzimuthalEqualArea(Projection)
     |  A Lambert Azimuthal Equal-Area projection.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      LambertAzimuthalEqualArea
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, central_latitude=0.0, false_easting=0.0, false_northing=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The central longitude. Defaults to 0.
     |      central_latitude: optional
     |          The central latitude. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      globe: optional
     |          A :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default globe is
     |          created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class LambertConformal(Projection)
     |  A Lambert Conformal conic projection.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      LambertConformal
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, other)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(self)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=-96.0, central_latitude=39.0, false_easting=0.0, false_northing=0.0, secant_latitudes=None, standard_parallels=None, globe=None, cutoff=-30)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The central longitude. Defaults to -96.
     |      central_latitude: optional
     |          The central latitude. Defaults to 39.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      secant_latitudes: optional
     |          Secant latitudes. This keyword is deprecated in v0.12 and directly
     |          replaced by ``standard parallels``. Defaults to None.
     |      standard_parallels: optional
     |          Standard parallel latitude(s). Defaults to (33, 45).
     |      globe: optional
     |          A :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default globe is
     |          created.
     |      cutoff: optional
     |          Latitude of map cutoff.
     |          The map extends to infinity opposite the central pole
     |          so we must cut off the map drawing before then.
     |          A value of 0 will draw half the globe. Defaults to -30.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, other)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class LambertCylindrical(_RectangularProjection)
     |  The abstract superclass of projections with a rectangular domain which
     |  is symmetric about the origin.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      LambertCylindrical
     |      _RectangularProjection
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _RectangularProjection:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Mercator(Projection)
     |  A Mercator projection.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Mercator
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, other)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(self)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, min_latitude=-80.0, max_latitude=84.0, globe=None, latitude_true_scale=0.0)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The central longitude. Defaults to 0.
     |      min_latitude: optional
     |          The maximum southerly extent of the projection. Defaults
     |          to -80 degrees.
     |      max_latitude: optional
     |          The maximum northerly extent of the projection. Defaults
     |          to 84 degrees.
     |      globe: A :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`, optional
     |          If omitted, a default globe is created.
     |      latitude_true_scale: optional
     |          The latitude where the scale is 1. Defaults to 0 degrees.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, other)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  GOOGLE = <cartopy.crs.Mercator object>
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Miller(_RectangularProjection)
     |  The abstract superclass of projections with a rectangular domain which
     |  is symmetric about the origin.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Miller
     |      _RectangularProjection
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _RectangularProjection:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Mollweide(_WarpedRectangularProjection)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Mollweide
     |      _WarpedRectangularProjection
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _WarpedRectangularProjection:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class NearsidePerspective(_Satellite)
     |  Perspective view looking directly down from above a point on the globe.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      NearsidePerspective
     |      _Satellite
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, central_latitude=0.0, satellite_height=35785831, false_easting=0, false_northing=0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _Satellite:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class NorthPolarStereo(Stereographic)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      NorthPolarStereo
     |      Stereographic
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, true_scale_latitude=None, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Stereographic:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class OSGB(TransverseMercator)
     |  A Transverse Mercator projection.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      OSGB
     |      TransverseMercator
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The true longitude of the central meridian in degrees.
     |          Defaults to 0.
     |      central_latitude: optional
     |          The true latitude of the planar origin in degrees. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      scale_factor: optional
     |          Scale factor at the central meridian. Defaults to 1.
     |      globe: optional
     |          An instance of :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default
     |          globe is created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from TransverseMercator:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class OSNI(TransverseMercator)
     |  A Transverse Mercator projection.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      OSNI
     |      TransverseMercator
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The true longitude of the central meridian in degrees.
     |          Defaults to 0.
     |      central_latitude: optional
     |          The true latitude of the planar origin in degrees. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      scale_factor: optional
     |          Scale factor at the central meridian. Defaults to 1.
     |      globe: optional
     |          An instance of :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default
     |          globe is created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from TransverseMercator:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Orthographic(Projection)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Orthographic
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, central_latitude=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class PlateCarree(_CylindricalProjection)
     |  The abstract class which denotes cylindrical projections where we
     |  want to allow x values to wrap around.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      PlateCarree
     |      _CylindricalProjection
     |      _RectangularProjection
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _RectangularProjection:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Projection(cartopy._crs.CRS)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset({'boundary', 'threshold', 'x_limits', ...
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __init__(...)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Robinson(_WarpedRectangularProjection)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Robinson
     |      _WarpedRectangularProjection
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  transform_point(self, x, y, src_crs)
     |      Capture and handle any input NaNs, else invoke parent function,
     |      :meth:`_WarpedRectangularProjection.transform_point`.
     |      
     |      Needed because input NaNs can trigger a fatal error in the underlying
     |      implementation of the Robinson projection.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          Although the original can in fact translate (nan, lat) into
     |          (nan, y-value), this patched version doesn't support that.
     |  
     |  transform_points(self, src_crs, x, y, z=None)
     |      Capture and handle NaNs in input points -- else as parent function,
     |      :meth:`_WarpedRectangularProjection.transform_points`.
     |      
     |      Needed because input NaNs can trigger a fatal error in the underlying
     |      implementation of the Robinson projection.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          Although the original can in fact translate (nan, lat) into
     |          (nan, y-value), this patched version doesn't support that.
     |          Instead, we invalidate any of the points that contain a NaN.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _WarpedRectangularProjection:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class RotatedGeodetic(cartopy._crs.CRS)
     |  Define a rotated latitude/longitude coordinate system with spherical
     |  topology and geographical distance.
     |  
     |  Coordinates are measured in degrees.
     |  
     |  The class uses proj4 to perform an ob_tran operation, using the
     |  pole_longitude to set a lon_0 then performing two rotations based on
     |  pole_latitude and central_rotated_longitude.
     |  This is equivalent to setting the new pole to a location defined by
     |  the pole_latitude and pole_longitude values in the GeogCRS defined by
     |  globe, then rotating this new CRS about it's pole using the
     |  central_rotated_longitude value.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      RotatedGeodetic
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, pole_longitude, pole_latitude, central_rotated_longitude=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      pole_longitude
     |          Pole longitude position, in unrotated degrees.
     |      pole_latitude
     |          Pole latitude position, in unrotated degrees.
     |      central_rotated_longitude: optional
     |          Longitude rotation about the new pole, in degrees.  Defaults to 0.
     |      globe: optional
     |          A :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`.  Defaults to a "WGS84" datum.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class RotatedPole(_CylindricalProjection)
     |  A rotated latitude/longitude projected coordinate system
     |  with cylindrical topology and projected distance.
     |  
     |  Coordinates are measured in projection metres.
     |  
     |  The class uses proj4 to perform an ob_tran operation, using the
     |  pole_longitude to set a lon_0 then performing two rotations based on
     |  pole_latitude and central_rotated_longitude.
     |  This is equivalent to setting the new pole to a location defined by
     |  the pole_latitude and pole_longitude values in the GeogCRS defined by
     |  globe, then rotating this new CRS about it's pole using the
     |  central_rotated_longitude value.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      RotatedPole
     |      _CylindricalProjection
     |      _RectangularProjection
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, pole_longitude=0.0, pole_latitude=90.0, central_rotated_longitude=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      pole_longitude: optional
     |          Pole longitude position, in unrotated degrees. Defaults to 0.
     |      pole_latitude: optional
     |          Pole latitude position, in unrotated degrees. Defaults to 0.
     |      central_rotated_longitude: optional
     |          Longitude rotation about the new pole, in degrees. Defaults to 0.
     |      globe: optional
     |          An optional :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. Defaults to a "WGS84"
     |          datum.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from _RectangularProjection:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Sinusoidal(Projection)
     |  A Sinusoidal projection.
     |  
     |  This projection is equal-area.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Sinusoidal
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, false_easting=0.0, false_northing=0.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The central longitude. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      globe: optional
     |          A :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default globe is
     |          created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  MODIS = <cartopy.crs.Sinusoidal object>
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class SouthPolarStereo(Stereographic)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      SouthPolarStereo
     |      Stereographic
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, true_scale_latitude=None, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Stereographic:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class Stereographic(Projection)
     |  Define a projected coordinate system with flat topology and Euclidean
     |  distance.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      Stereographic
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_latitude=0.0, central_longitude=0.0, false_easting=0.0, false_northing=0.0, true_scale_latitude=None, scale_factor=None, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      proj4_params: iterable of key-value pairs
     |          The proj4 parameters required to define the
     |          desired CRS.  The parameters should not describe
     |          the desired elliptic model, instead create an
     |          appropriate Globe instance. The ``proj4_params``
     |          parameters will override any parameters that the
     |          Globe defines.
     |      globe: :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` instance, optional
     |          If omitted, the default Globe instance will be created.
     |          See :class:`~cartopy.crs.Globe` for details.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class TransverseMercator(Projection)
     |  A Transverse Mercator projection.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      TransverseMercator
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, central_longitude=0.0, central_latitude=0.0, false_easting=0.0, false_northing=0.0, scale_factor=1.0, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      central_longitude: optional
     |          The true longitude of the central meridian in degrees.
     |          Defaults to 0.
     |      central_latitude: optional
     |          The true latitude of the planar origin in degrees. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_easting: optional
     |          X offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      false_northing: optional
     |          Y offset from the planar origin in metres. Defaults to 0.
     |      scale_factor: optional
     |          Scale factor at the central meridian. Defaults to 1.
     |      globe: optional
     |          An instance of :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default
     |          globe is created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>
    
    class UTM(Projection)
     |  Universal Transverse Mercator projection.
     |  
     |  Method resolution order:
     |      UTM
     |      Projection
     |      cartopy._crs.CRS
     |      builtins.object
     |  
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self, zone, southern_hemisphere=False, globe=None)
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      zone
     |          The numeric zone of the UTM required.
     |      southern_hemisphere: optional
     |          Set to True if the zone is in the southern hemisphere. Defaults to
     |          False.
     |      globe: optional
     |          An instance of :class:`cartopy.crs.Globe`. If omitted, a default
     |          globe is created.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors defined here:
     |  
     |  boundary
     |  
     |  threshold
     |  
     |  x_limits
     |  
     |  y_limits
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes defined here:
     |  
     |  __abstractmethods__ = frozenset()
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  project_geometry(self, geometry, src_crs=None)
     |      Project the given geometry into this projection.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      geometry
     |          The geometry to (re-)project.
     |      src_crs: optional
     |          The source CRS.  Defaults to None.
     |      
     |          If src_crs is None, the source CRS is assumed to be a geodetic
     |          version of the target CRS.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      geometry
     |          The projected result (a shapely geometry).
     |  
     |  quick_vertices_transform(self, vertices, src_crs)
     |      Where possible, return a vertices array transformed to this CRS from
     |      the given vertices array of shape ``(n, 2)`` and the source CRS.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          This method may return None to indicate that the vertices cannot
     |          be transformed quickly, and a more complex geometry transformation
     |          is required (see :meth:`cartopy.crs.Projection.project_geometry`).
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from Projection:
     |  
     |  __dict__
     |      dictionary for instance variables (if defined)
     |  
     |  __weakref__
     |      list of weak references to the object (if defined)
     |  
     |  ccw_boundary
     |  
     |  cw_boundary
     |  
     |  domain
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Methods inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __eq__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self==value.
     |  
     |  __ge__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>=value.
     |  
     |  __getstate__(...)
     |      Return the full state of this instance for reconstruction
     |      in ``__setstate__``.
     |  
     |  __gt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self>value.
     |  
     |  __hash__(...)
     |      Hash the CRS based on its proj4_init string.
     |  
     |  __le__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<=value.
     |  
     |  __lt__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self<value.
     |  
     |  __ne__(self, value, /)
     |      Return self!=value.
     |  
     |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
     |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.
     |  
     |  __reduce__(...)
     |      Implement the __reduce__ API so that unpickling produces a stateless
     |      instance of this class (e.g. an empty tuple). The state will then be
     |      added via __getstate__ and __setstate__.
     |  
     |  __setstate__(...)
     |      Take the dictionary created by ``__getstate__`` and passes it
     |      through to the class's __init__ method.
     |  
     |  as_geocentric(...)
     |      Return a new Geocentric CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  as_geodetic(...)
     |      Return a new Geodetic CRS with the same ellipse/datum as this
     |      CRS.
     |  
     |  is_geodetic(...)
     |  
     |  transform_point(...)
     |      transform_point(x, y, src_crs)
     |      
     |      Transform the given float64 coordinate pair, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      x
     |          the x coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      y
     |          the y coordinate, in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to transform
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the coordinate
     |          system of ``x`` and ``y``.
     |      trap
     |          Whether proj.4 errors for "latitude or longitude exceeded
     |          limits" and "tolerance condition error" should be trapped.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |      (x, y) in this coordinate system
     |  
     |  transform_points(...)
     |      transform_points(src_crs, x, y[, z])
     |      
     |      Transform the given coordinates, in the given source
     |      coordinate system (``src_crs``), to this coordinate system.
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_crs
     |          instance of :class:`CRS` that represents the
     |          coordinate system of ``x``, ``y`` and ``z``.
     |      x
     |          the x coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  May be 1 or 2 dimensional.
     |      y
     |          the y coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates,
     |          to transform.  Its shape must match that of x.
     |      z: optional
     |          the z coordinates (array), in ``src_crs`` coordinates, to
     |          transform.  Defaults to None.
     |          If supplied, its shape must match that of x.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          Array of shape ``x.shape + (3, )`` in this coordinate system.
     |  
     |  transform_vectors(...)
     |      transform_vectors(src_proj, x, y, u, v)
     |      
     |      Transform the given vector components, with coordinates in the
     |      given source coordinate system (``src_proj``), to this coordinate
     |      system. The vector components must be given relative to the
     |      source projection's coordinate reference system (grid eastward and
     |      grid northward).
     |      
     |      Parameters
     |      ----------
     |      src_proj
     |          The :class:`CRS.Projection` that represents the coordinate system
     |          the vectors are defined in.
     |      x
     |          The x coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      y
     |          The y coordinates of the vectors in the source projection.
     |      u
     |          The grid-eastward components of the vectors.
     |      v
     |          The grid-northward components of the vectors.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |          x, y, u and v may be 1 or 2 dimensional, but must all have matching
     |          shapes.
     |      
     |      Returns
     |      -------
     |          ut, vt: The transformed vector components.
     |      
     |      Note
     |      ----
     |         The algorithm used to transform vectors is an approximation
     |         rather than an exact transform, but the accuracy should be
     |         good enough for visualization purposes.
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data descriptors inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  proj4_init
     |  
     |  proj4_params
     |  
     |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Data and other attributes inherited from cartopy._crs.CRS:
     |  
     |  __pyx_vtable__ = <capsule object NULL>

FUNCTIONS
    epsg(code)
        Return the projection which corresponds to the given EPSG code.
        
        The EPSG code must correspond to a "projected coordinate system",
        so EPSG codes such as 4326 (WGS-84) which define a "geodetic coordinate
        system" will not work.
        
        Note
        ----
            The conversion is performed by querying https://epsg.io/ so a
            live internet connection is required.

DATA
    GOOGLE_MERCATOR = <cartopy.crs.Mercator object>
    PROJ4_VERSION = (4, 9, 3)
    WGS84_SEMIMAJOR_AXIS = 6378137.0
    WGS84_SEMIMINOR_AXIS = 6356752.3142
    __document_these__ = ['CRS', 'Geocentric', 'Geodetic', 'Globe']
    absolute_import = _Feature((2, 5, 0, 'alpha', 1), (3, 0, 0, 'alpha', 0...
    division = _Feature((2, 2, 0, 'alpha', 2), (3, 0, 0, 'alpha', 0), 8192...
    print_function = _Feature((2, 6, 0, 'alpha', 2), (3, 0, 0, 'alpha', 0)...

FILE
    /Users/brodzik/miniconda3/envs/cartopy/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cartopy/crs.py



In [3]:
ccrs.PlateCarree()


Out[3]:
<cartopy.crs.PlateCarree at 0x11b4b16d0>

In [4]:
%matplotlib notebook
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())


Out[4]:
<cartopy.mpl.geoaxes.GeoAxesSubplot at 0x10f44f128>

In [5]:
plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.coastlines()


Out[5]:
<cartopy.mpl.feature_artist.FeatureArtist at 0x11fa90e48>

In [ ]:
plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.LambertAzimuthalEqualArea(central_latitude=90.))
ax.coastlines()

exercise 2.1

Set up a PlateCarree centered on dateline instead of Prime Meridian


In [6]:
fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw=dict(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree(central_longitude=180.)))
ax.coastlines()


Out[6]:
<cartopy.mpl.feature_artist.FeatureArtist at 0x120808748>

Specific useful GeoAxes methods


In [7]:
plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())

ax.set_extent([-170, -50, 10, 80])
ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True,
            color='black', alpha=0.2, linestyle='--')
ax.stock_img()


Out[7]:
<matplotlib.image.AxesImage at 0x120c164a8>

Get an alternative png image


In [8]:
%pwd


Out[8]:
'/Users/brodzik/ipython_notebooks/cartopy'

In [9]:
img = plt.imread('/Users/brodzik/cartopy-tutorial/resources/natural-earth-2/global.png')
print(img.shape)


(1000, 2000, 3)

Get a shapefile with US state boundaries


In [10]:
import fiona
import shapely.geometry as sgeom

shpfile = '/Users/brodzik/cartopy-tutorial/resources/states/states.shp'
with fiona.open(shpfile) as records:
    geometries = [sgeom.shape(shp['geometry'])
                 for shp in records]

In [11]:
plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())

ax.set_extent([-170, -50, 10, 80])
ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True,
            color='black', alpha=0.2, linestyle='--')

ax.imshow(img, origin='upper',
         extent=[-180, 180, -90, 90],
         transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())

ax.add_geometries(geometries, ccrs.PlateCarree(),
                 edgecolor='red', facecolor='none')


Out[11]:
<cartopy.mpl.feature_artist.FeatureArtist at 0x128850160>

Drawing different kinds of lines between NYC and Honolulu


In [12]:
new_york = dict(lon=-74.0060, lat=40.7128)
honolulu = dict(lon=-157.8583, lat=21.3069)

def new_york_to_honolulu(ax):
    lons = [new_york['lon'], honolulu['lon']]
    lats = [new_york['lat'], honolulu['lat']]
    
    ax.plot(lons, lats, transform=ccrs.PlateCarree(),
           label='Equirectangular straight line')
    ax.plot(lons, lats, transform=ccrs.Geodetic(),
           label='Great Circle')
    
    ax.legend()
    
    
import cartopy.feature

plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_extent([-170, -50, 10, 80])

ax.gridlines(color='black', alpha=0.2, linestyle='--')
ax.stock_img()
ax.add_feature(cartopy.feature.STATES, edgecolor='gray')
new_york_to_honolulu(ax)



In [ ]:
# Change the projection to one that represents great circles out of NYC as straight lines
# --> polar stereo centered on NYC

In [13]:
ny_stereo = ccrs.Stereographic(
    central_longitude = new_york['lon'],
    central_latitude = new_york['lat'])

plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ny_stereo)
ax.set_extent([-170, -50, 10, 80])

ax.gridlines(color='black', alpha=0.2, linestyle='--')
ax.stock_img()
ax.add_feature(cartopy.feature.STATES, edgecolor='gray')
new_york_to_honolulu(ax)


To draw the curvy lines better, the crs has to be subclassed


In [14]:
class HigherResStereo(ccrs.Stereographic):
    @property
    def threshold(self):
        # Give the interpolation 10x more fidelity
        return super().threshold / 10
    
ny_stereo = HigherResStereo(
    central_longitude = new_york['lon'],
    central_latitude = new_york['lat'])

plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ny_stereo)
ax.set_extent([-170, -50, 10, 80])

ax.gridlines(color='black', alpha=0.2, linestyle='--')
ax.stock_img()
ax.add_feature(cartopy.feature.STATES, edgecolor='gray')
new_york_to_honolulu(ax)


Draw a map with Phileas Fogg's route around the world in 80 days


In [15]:
# Some approximate locations of each of the cities are provided.
places = {'London': {'lon': -0.1278, 'lat': 51.5074},
          'Suez': {'lon': 32.5498, 'lat': 29.9668},
          'Bombay': {'lon': 72.8777, 'lat': 19.0760},
          'Calcutta': {'lon': 88.3639, 'lat': 22.5726},
          'Hong Kong': {'lon': 114.1095, 'lat': 22.3964},
          'Yokohama': {'lon': 139.6380, 'lat': 35.4437},
          'San Fransisco': {'lon': -122.4194, 'lat': 37.7749},
          'New York City': {'lon': -74.0060, 'lat': 40.7128},
         }

In [30]:
places.keys()


Out[30]:
dict_keys(['London', 'Suez', 'Bombay', 'Calcutta', 'Hong Kong', 'Yokohama', 'San Fransisco', 'New York City'])

In [41]:
from_city = [key for key in places.keys()]
from_city


Out[41]:
['London',
 'Suez',
 'Bombay',
 'Calcutta',
 'Hong Kong',
 'Yokohama',
 'San Fransisco',
 'New York City']

In [44]:
to_city = [key for key in places.keys()]
to_city.append(to_city[0])
to_city = to_city[1:]
to_city


Out[44]:
['Suez',
 'Bombay',
 'Calcutta',
 'Hong Kong',
 'Yokohama',
 'San Fransisco',
 'New York City',
 'London']

In [45]:
for src, dst in zip(from_city, to_city):
    print(src, ":", dst)


London : Suez
Suez : Bombay
Bombay : Calcutta
Calcutta : Hong Kong
Hong Kong : Yokohama
Yokohama : San Fransisco
San Fransisco : New York City
New York City : London

In [51]:
plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.PlateCarree())

ax.gridlines(color='black', alpha=0.2, linestyle='--')
ax.stock_img()

for src, dst in zip(from_city, to_city):
    ax.plot([places[src]['lon'], places[dst]['lon']],
            [places[src]['lat'], places[dst]['lat']], 
            transform=ccrs.Geodetic(),
            label="%s->%s" % (src, dst),
            color="red"           )
    ax.annotate(s=src, xy = [places[src]['lon'], places[src]['lat']])
    
#ax.legend()


Figure out how to geolocate the wikipedia image with Fogg's journey

Exercise 2.3: Navigate to the cartopy documentation for the Robinson projection. Draw a Robinson map (with coastlines) that represents the "centered on the meridian circa 11°15' (11.25 degrees) to east from Greenwich Prime Meridian" part of this definition.


In [54]:
plt.figure()
ax = plt.axes(projection=ccrs.Robinson(central_longitude=11.25))

ax.gridlines(color='black', alpha=0.2, linestyle='--')
ax.stock_img()
ax.coastlines()


Out[54]:
<cartopy.mpl.feature_artist.FeatureArtist at 0x12bfa3c50>

In [62]:
# [xmin, xmax,
#  ymin, ymax] Are these in projected meteres?
extent = [-13636707, 17044670, 
          -6308712, 8565930]

plt.figure()

rob = ccrs.Robinson(central_longitude=11.25)
ax = plt.axes(projection=rob)

ax.gridlines(color='gray', linestyle='--')
ax.coastlines()
img = plt.imread('/Users/brodzik/cartopy-tutorial/resources/640px-Around_the_World_in_Eighty_Days_map.png')
#ax.imshow(img, transform=rob)
ax.imshow(img, extent=extent, transform=rob, origin='upper')
ax.set_global()



In [ ]: