Create a string and assign it to a variable
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my_string = "We're going to learn Python at #nicar20"
Print your string. The print() command was optional in Python 2.x, but is now required in Python 3.x.
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print(my_string)
Get the type of an object.
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type(my_string)
Make a comment to yourself and then get the length of your string.
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#this is a comment in my code
len(my_string)
Remember that a string is just a series of characters, not a word or a sentence
So you can "slice" off pieces of a string based on the index of the characters in it.
Try to slice off the last 5 characters in my_string
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my_string[-5:]
Convert it to lowercase.
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my_string.lower()
Convert it to uppercase.
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my_string.upper()
Convert it to titlecase.
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my_string.title()
Concatenate strings.
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my_string + my_string
Split strings.
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my_string.split("learn")
Join a list of strings
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"+++".join([my_string, my_string])
Remove a character.
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my_string.replace(" ", "##")
Strip whitespace.
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" this string has whitespace ".strip()
Removes only leading whitespace chars.
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" this string has whitespace ".lstrip()
Removes only trailing whitespace chars.
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" this string has whitespace ".rstrip()
I need help remembering what methods my variable has available.
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dir(my_string)
I need help on a specific method.
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help(my_string.lower)
Create an integer.
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my_integer = 25
Print your integer.
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print(my_integer)
Get the type of your integer.
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type(my_integer)
Do some addition.
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my_sum = my_integer + 10
print(my_sum)
Do some subtraction.
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my_difference = my_integer - 10
print(my_difference)
Do some multiplication.
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my_product = my_integer * 10
print(my_product)
Do some division.
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my_quotient = my_integer / 10
print(my_quotient)
Create a float, assign it a value and print it.
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my_float = 25.345
print(my_float)
Divide a float in half.
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23.46/2
Divide an integer in half. If you're used to Python 2.X, this will behave a little bit differently.
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5/2
Create a list.
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a_list = [1, 2, 3]
Create a list, you can use strings, integers, variables, etc
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my_list = ["We're going to learn Python at #NICAR16", 10, 15, 20]
Print the list.
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print(my_list)
Print its type.
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type(my_list)
Print its length.
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len(my_list)
Create a list of numbers.
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my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
Print the first item in the list.
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my_list[0]
Print the last item in the list.
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my_list[-1]
Print all items from 4 through the end. We call this slicing.
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my_list[3:]
Print the items from the start to the penultimate.
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my_list[:-1]
Print the middle 4 items.
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my_list[3:-3]
Add an item to the list and see if it was added.
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my_list.append(11)
my_list
Delete the last item in the list.
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del(my_list[-1])
my_list
Set the last value in the list to a variable
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last = my_list.pop(-1)
last
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my_list
Create an empty dictionary
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mydict = {}
Add a key called "class_size", whose value is my_product
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mydict['class_size'] = my_product
mydict
Add a dictionary key called "nerds" and a value of "at bar".
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mydict['nerds'] = 'at bar'
mydict
Call the value of a dictionary for the key "nerds".
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mydict['nerds']
Take your list or make a new one, loop through it printing out each value
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my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
for x in my_list:
print(x)
Create two variables, assign values and compare them
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x = 5
y = 15
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x == y
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x != y
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x > y
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x >= y
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x < y
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x <= y
Create two variables, assign one as a number and one as a string and compare them
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z = 10
v = "10"
z == v
If x is greater than y, print my_list. Otherwise, print my_dict.
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if x > y:
for z in my_list:
print(z)
else:
for whatever in my_list[-3:]:
print(whatever)
This barely skims the surface of what you can do in Python, but hopefully this overview will make you comfortable enough to get started.
Now, exit the program.
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exit()