MongoDB demo

请参考mongodb的相关文档：https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/crud/



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ip = '106.187.89.216' #英武个人ip，用户可以使用自己本机的地址

连接



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# 先导入一些需要的模块
from pymongo import MongoClient
from pymongo import InsertOne, DeleteOne, ReplaceOne, DeleteMany, UpdateOne
import pymongo
import datetime



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client = MongoClient('mongodb://106.187.89.216:27017/')# 实例化连接句柄，格式很固定，ip+端口号



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client









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MongoClient(host=['106.187.89.216:27017'], document_class=dict, tz_aware=False, connect=True)



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## 创建一个DB

单个mongodb实例支持多个独立的数据库， 可以用以下方式访问MongoClient实例：



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mydb = client['test-database'] # 和以下一样，是两种连接方式，如果在远程没有‘test-datebase'这个数据库，就会创建一个



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mydb = client.test_database



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# mongoDB的存储使用json风格

import datetime

# 声明一个记录
myrecord = {
        "author": "Duke",
        "title" : "PyMongo 101",
        "tags" : ["MongoDB", "PyMongo", "Tutorial"],
        "date" : datetime.datetime.utcnow()
        }









    



<pymongo.results.InsertOneResult object at 0x108efa0c8>
['mytable', 'system.indexes']

插入一个记录



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record_id = mydb.mytable.insert_one(myrecord)

print(record_id)
print(mydb.collection_names())

显示post id



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post_id = str(record_id.inserted_id)
print(post_id)









    



59d9e38d5b00183afeeabe60

批量导入



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# 以下将展示如何同时插入多个记录
myrecord2 = [
        { "author": "Duke II",
          "title" : "PyMongo II 101",
          "tags" : ["MongoDB II", "PyMongo II", "Tutorial II"],
          "date" : datetime.datetime.utcnow() },
        { "author": "Duke III",
          "title" : "PyMongo III 101",
          "tags" : ["MongoDB III", "PyMongo III", "Tutorial III"],
          "date" : datetime.datetime.utcnow() }
        ]

mydb.mytable.insert_many(myrecord2)

print(mydb.collection_names())









    



['mytable', 'system.indexes']

检索



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for post in mydb.mytable.find():
    print(post)









    



{'_id': ObjectId('59d9dac45b00183afeeabe5c'), 'author': 'Duke', 'title': 'PyMongo 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB', 'PyMongo', 'Tutorial'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 7, 58, 59, 765000)}
{'_id': ObjectId('59d9dace5b00183afeeabe5d'), 'author': 'Duke', 'title': 'PyMongo 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB', 'PyMongo', 'Tutorial'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 7, 59, 10, 745000)}
{'_id': ObjectId('59d9db1b5b00183afeeabe5e'), 'author': 'Duke II', 'title': 'PyMongo II 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB II', 'PyMongo II', 'Tutorial II'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 8, 0, 27, 41000)}
{'_id': ObjectId('59d9db1b5b00183afeeabe5f'), 'author': 'Duke III', 'title': 'PyMongo III 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB III', 'PyMongo III', 'Tutorial III'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 8, 0, 27, 41000)}



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for post in mydb.mytable.find({"author": "Duke"}): # 检索指定关键字：author的值为Duke
    print(post)









    



{'_id': ObjectId('59d9dac45b00183afeeabe5c'), 'author': 'Duke', 'title': 'PyMongo 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB', 'PyMongo', 'Tutorial'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 7, 58, 59, 765000)}
{'_id': ObjectId('59d9dace5b00183afeeabe5d'), 'author': 'Duke', 'title': 'PyMongo 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB', 'PyMongo', 'Tutorial'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 7, 59, 10, 745000)}



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mydb.mytable.count()









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4



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mydb.mytable.find({"author": "Duke"}).count()# 计数









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2

older than a certain date



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for post in mydb.mytable.find({"date": {"$lt": datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 9)}}).sort("author"):
    print(post)









    



{'_id': ObjectId('59d9dac45b00183afeeabe5c'), 'author': 'Duke', 'title': 'PyMongo 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB', 'PyMongo', 'Tutorial'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 7, 58, 59, 765000)}
{'_id': ObjectId('59d9dace5b00183afeeabe5d'), 'author': 'Duke', 'title': 'PyMongo 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB', 'PyMongo', 'Tutorial'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 7, 59, 10, 745000)}
{'_id': ObjectId('59d9db1b5b00183afeeabe5e'), 'author': 'Duke II', 'title': 'PyMongo II 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB II', 'PyMongo II', 'Tutorial II'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 8, 0, 27, 41000)}
{'_id': ObjectId('59d9db1b5b00183afeeabe5f'), 'author': 'Duke III', 'title': 'PyMongo III 101', 'tags': ['MongoDB III', 'PyMongo III', 'Tutorial III'], 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 8, 0, 27, 41000)}



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mydb.mytable.find_one({'author': 'Duke'}) #指定检索其中的一个









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{'_id': ObjectId('59d9dac45b00183afeeabe5c'),
 'author': 'Duke',
 'date': datetime.datetime(2017, 10, 8, 7, 58, 59, 765000),
 'tags': ['MongoDB', 'PyMongo', 'Tutorial'],
 'title': 'PyMongo 101'}

建立索引



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# 建立索引
result = mydb.profiles.create_index([('user_id', pymongo.ASCENDING)], unique=True)
sorted(list(mydb.profiles.index_information()))









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['_id_', 'user_id_1']



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db = client['demo']



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result = db.test.bulk_write([ # 这个语句类似于存储过程，一次性执行多个操作。
         DeleteMany({}),  # Remove all documents from the previous example.
         InsertOne({'_id': 1}),
         InsertOne({'_id': 2}),
         InsertOne({'_id': 3}),
         UpdateOne({'_id': 1}, {'$set': {'foo': 'bar'}}),
         UpdateOne({'_id': 4}, {'$inc': {'j': 1}}, upsert=True),
         ReplaceOne({'j': 1}, {'j': 2})])
# 参考： http://api.mongodb.com/python/current/api/pymongo/collection.html#pymongo.collection.Collection.bulk_write



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