Python is a general-purpose language and the SciPy Stack is a collection of core Python packages that are used by most of the Python-based scientific applications. These packages are:
A huge number of tutorials can be found on the Web. A good place to start is the Lectures on Scientific Computing with Python by J.R. Johansson. These are short though complete introductions and it is written as IPython notebooks. It also includes tutorials for installing Python and its core scientific packages, interfacing C/Fortran code with Python, and a short introduction to revision control softwares (git).
Software Carpentry also provide well-made lessons for scientists at several levels of programming skills (novice, intermediate...), not only for Scientific Python, but also for Shell programming, Git, databases, etc... Version 5 of their lessons is mostly based on notebooks.
Other short courses for numpy and matplotlib can also be found here.
Here is another introduction to Python for geoscientists that go deeper into the basics of programming.
Tutorials for Pandas can be found here or here.
Tutorials for using the IPython Notebook interface are available in the official IPython repository: Index.
Tutorials from Software Carpentry and Lectures on Scientific Computing with Python.
Another tutorial
This Ocefpaf's repository on github contains a bunch of notebooks that show interesting examples based on scientific python packages for problems applied to atmospheric science and oceanography.
The website http://www.earthpy.org aims to provide a growing collection of notebooks and links to stuff that may be useful for geoscientists (direct access to the notebooks here.
This page contains many up-to-date links to Notebooks on various general or more specific, science-related topics.
In [ ]: