The pprint module contains a “pretty printer” for producing aesthetically pleasing views of data structures. The formatter produces representations of data structures that can be parsed correctly by the interpreter, and that are also easy for a human to read. The output is kept on a single line, if possible, and indented when split across multiple lines.



In [1]:

    
data = [
    (1, {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'c': 'C', 'd': 'D'}),
    (2, {'e': 'E', 'f': 'F', 'g': 'G', 'h': 'H',
         'i': 'I', 'j': 'J', 'k': 'K', 'l': 'L'}),
    (3, ['m', 'n']),
    (4, ['o', 'p', 'q']),
    (5, ['r', 's', 't''u', 'v', 'x', 'y', 'z']),
]



In [3]:

    
from pprint import pprint

print('PRINT:')
print(data)
print()
print('PPRINT:')
pprint(data)









    



PRINT:
[(1, {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'c': 'C', 'd': 'D'}), (2, {'e': 'E', 'f': 'F', 'g': 'G', 'h': 'H', 'i': 'I', 'j': 'J', 'k': 'K', 'l': 'L'}), (3, ['m', 'n']), (4, ['o', 'p', 'q']), (5, ['r', 's', 'tu', 'v', 'x', 'y', 'z'])]

PPRINT:
[(1, {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'c': 'C', 'd': 'D'}),
 (2,
  {'e': 'E',
   'f': 'F',
   'g': 'G',
   'h': 'H',
   'i': 'I',
   'j': 'J',
   'k': 'K',
   'l': 'L'}),
 (3, ['m', 'n']),
 (4, ['o', 'p', 'q']),
 (5, ['r', 's', 'tu', 'v', 'x', 'y', 'z'])]

Formatting



In [4]:

    
import logging
from pprint import pformat

logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.DEBUG,
    format='%(levelname)-8s %(message)s',
)

logging.debug('Logging pformatted data')
formatted = pformat(data)
for line in formatted.splitlines():
    logging.debug(line.rstrip())









    



DEBUG    Logging pformatted data
DEBUG    [(1, {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'c': 'C', 'd': 'D'}),
DEBUG     (2,
DEBUG      {'e': 'E',
DEBUG       'f': 'F',
DEBUG       'g': 'G',
DEBUG       'h': 'H',
DEBUG       'i': 'I',
DEBUG       'j': 'J',
DEBUG       'k': 'K',
DEBUG       'l': 'L'}),
DEBUG     (3, ['m', 'n']),
DEBUG     (4, ['o', 'p', 'q']),
DEBUG     (5, ['r', 's', 'tu', 'v', 'x', 'y', 'z'])]

Arbitrary Classes



In [5]:

    
from pprint import pprint


class node:

    def __init__(self, name, contents=[]):
        self.name = name
        self.contents = contents[:]

    def __repr__(self):
        return (
            'node(' + repr(self.name) + ', ' +
            repr(self.contents) + ')'
        )


trees = [
    node('node-1'),
    node('node-2', [node('node-2-1')]),
    node('node-3', [node('node-3-1')]),
]
pprint(trees)









    



[node('node-1', []),
 node('node-2', [node('node-2-1', [])]),
 node('node-3', [node('node-3-1', [])])]

Limiting Nested Output



In [7]:

    
from pprint import pprint
pprint(data, depth=1)
pprint(data, depth=2)









    



[(...), (...), (...), (...), (...)]
[(1, {...}), (2, {...}), (3, [...]), (4, [...]), (5, [...])]

Controlling output width



In [8]:

    
from pprint import pprint

for width in [80, 5]:
    print('WIDTH =', width)
    pprint(data, width=width)
    print()









    



WIDTH = 80
[(1, {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'c': 'C', 'd': 'D'}),
 (2,
  {'e': 'E',
   'f': 'F',
   'g': 'G',
   'h': 'H',
   'i': 'I',
   'j': 'J',
   'k': 'K',
   'l': 'L'}),
 (3, ['m', 'n']),
 (4, ['o', 'p', 'q']),
 (5, ['r', 's', 'tu', 'v', 'x', 'y', 'z'])]

WIDTH = 5
[(1,
  {'a': 'A',
   'b': 'B',
   'c': 'C',
   'd': 'D'}),
 (2,
  {'e': 'E',
   'f': 'F',
   'g': 'G',
   'h': 'H',
   'i': 'I',
   'j': 'J',
   'k': 'K',
   'l': 'L'}),
 (3,
  ['m',
   'n']),
 (4,
  ['o',
   'p',
   'q']),
 (5,
  ['r',
   's',
   'tu',
   'v',
   'x',
   'y',
   'z'])]



In [9]:

    
from pprint import pprint


print('DEFAULT:')
pprint(data, compact=False)
print('\nCOMPACT:')
pprint(data, compact=True)









    



DEFAULT:
[(1, {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'c': 'C', 'd': 'D'}),
 (2,
  {'e': 'E',
   'f': 'F',
   'g': 'G',
   'h': 'H',
   'i': 'I',
   'j': 'J',
   'k': 'K',
   'l': 'L'}),
 (3, ['m', 'n']),
 (4, ['o', 'p', 'q']),
 (5, ['r', 's', 'tu', 'v', 'x', 'y', 'z'])]

COMPACT:
[(1, {'a': 'A', 'b': 'B', 'c': 'C', 'd': 'D'}),
 (2,
  {'e': 'E',
   'f': 'F',
   'g': 'G',
   'h': 'H',
   'i': 'I',
   'j': 'J',
   'k': 'K',
   'l': 'L'}),
 (3, ['m', 'n']), (4, ['o', 'p', 'q']),
 (5, ['r', 's', 'tu', 'v', 'x', 'y', 'z'])]