This is a notebook to help preview collateX processing of variant texts, working with segments of the 1818, 1823, and 1831 editions of Frankenstein.
In [1]:
from collatex import *
collation = Collation()
with \
open('1818_openingLetters.txt','r') as f1818, \
open('1823_openingLetters.txt','r') as f1823, \
open('1831_openingLetters.txt','r') as f1831:
w1818=f1818.read()
w1823=f1823.read()
w1831=f1831.read()
collation.add_plain_witness('w1818', w1818)
collation.add_plain_witness('w1823', w1823)
collation.add_plain_witness('w1831', w1831)
# outputs colored HTML in Jupyter notebook
collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='html2', layout='vertical')
# creates SVG in Jupyter notebook (try also svg2)
# collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='svg')
# outputs TEI into a file called collation.xml
# tei = collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='tei')
# with \
# open('collation.xml', 'w') as output
# output.write(tei)
w1818
w1823
w1831
%
-
-
LETTER I
LETTER I
LETTER I
% %
. To
. %
_To
-
_To
Mrs.
Mrs.
Mrs.
_
Saville, England*
-
S[AVILLE],
-
S[AVILLE],
_England
-
England
._%
-
._%
St. Petersburgh,
Dec. 11th, 17—.
St. Petersburgh,
Dec. 11th, 17—.
St. Petersburgh,
Dec. 11th, 17—.
Y[OU]
You
Y[OU]
will rejoice to hear
that no disaster has
accompanied the
commencement of an
enterprise which you
have regarded with
such evil
forebodings. I
arrived
will rejoice to hear
that no disaster has
accompanied the
commencement of an
enterprise which you
have regarded with
such evil
forebodings. I
arrived
will rejoice to hear
that no disaster has
accompanied the
commencement of an
enterprise which you
have regarded with
such evil
forebodings. I
arrived
here
ere
here
yesterday; and my
first task is to
assure my dear
sister of my
welfare, and
increasing
confidence in the
success of my
undertaking. I am
already far north of
London;
yesterday; and my
first task is to
assure my dear
sister of my
welfare, and
increasing
confidence in the
success of my
undertaking. I am
already far north of
London;
yesterday; and my
first task is to
assure my dear
sister of my
welfare, and
increasing
confidence in the
success of my
undertaking. I am
already far north of
London;
and
-
and
as I walk in the
streets of
as I walk in the
streets of
as I walk in the
streets of
Petersburgh
Peters- burgh
Petersburgh
,
,
,
I
I
I
-
-
-
feel a cold northern
breeze play upon my
cheeks, which braces
my nerves, and fills
me with delight. Do
you understand this
feeling? This
breeze, which has
travelled from the
regions towards
which I am
advancing, gives me
a foretaste of those
icy climes.
Inspirited by this
wind of promise, my
day dreams become
more fervent and
vivid. I try in vain
to be persuaded that
the pole is the seat
of frost and
feel a cold northern
breeze play upon my
cheeks, which braces
my nerves, and fills
me with delight. Do
you understand this
feeling ? This
breeze, which has
travelled from the
regions towards
which I am
advancing, gives me
a foretaste of those
icy climes.
Inspirited by this
wind of promise, my
day dreams become
more fervent and
vivid. I try in vain
to be persuaded that
the pole is the seat
of frost and
feel a cold northern
breeze play upon my
cheeks, which braces
my nerves, and fills
me with delight. Do
you understand this
feeling? This
breeze, which has
travelled from the
regions towards
which I am
advancing, gives me
a foretaste of those
icy climes.
Inspirited by this
wind of promise, my
day dreams become
more fervent and
vivid. I try in vain
to be persuaded that
the pole is the seat
of frost and
desolation
de- solation
desolation
; it ever presents
itself to my
imagination as the
region of beauty and
delight. There,
Margaret, the sun is
for ever visible;
its broad disk just
; it ever presents
itself to my
imagination as the
region of beauty and
delight. There,
Margaret, the sun is
for ever visible;
its broad disk just
; it ever presents
itself to my
imagination as the
region of beauty and
delight. There,
Margaret, the sun is
for ever visible;
its broad disk just
skirting
Skirting’
skirting
the horizon, and
diffusing a
perpetual
the horizon, and
diffusing a
perpetual
the horizon, and
diffusing a
perpetual
-
-
-
splendour. There—for
with your leave, my
sister,
splendour. There—for
with your leave, my
sister,
splendour. There —
for with your leave,
my sister,
I will put some
Twill putsome
I will put some
trust in preceding
trust in preceding
trust in preceding
-
•
-
navigators—there
snow and frost are
banished
navigators—there
snow and frost are
banished
navigators — there
snow and frost are
banished
;
; ^
;
and,
and,
and,
sailing
sail- ing
sailing
over a calm sea,
over a calm sea,
over a calm sea,
we
yrei
we
may be
may be
may be
-
-
-
wafted to a land
surpassing in
wafted to a land
surpassing in
wafted to a land
surpassing in
-
:
-
wonders
wonders
wonders
-
-
and in beauty every
region hitherto
and in beauty every
region hitherto
and in beauty every
region hitherto
discovered
dis- covered
discovered
on the habitable
globe. Its
productions and
features may be
on the habitable
globe. Its
productions and
features may be
on the habitable
globe. Its
productions and
features may be
without
with- out
without
example, as the
example, as the
example, as the
phænomena
phenomena
phenomena
of the heavenly
bodies undoubtedly
are in those
undiscovered
solitudes. What may
not
of the heavenly
bodies undoubtedly
are in those
undiscovered
solitudes. What may
not
of the heavenly
bodies undoubtedly
are in those
undiscovered
solitudes. What may
not
be
he
be
expected in a
country of eternal
light? I may there
discover the
wondrous power which
expected in a
country of eternal
light ? I may there
discover the
wondrous power which
expected in a
country of eternal
light? I may there
discover the
wondrous power which
attracts
attraets
attracts
the needle; and
the needle; and
the needle; and
may
Way
may
regulate a thousand
celestial
regulate a thousand
celestial
regulate a thousand
celestial
observations
ob- servations
observations
, that require only
this voyage
, that require only
this voyage
, that require only
this voyage
to
‘o
to
render their seeming
eccentricities
consistent for ever.
I shall satiate my
ardent curiosity
with the sight of a
part
render their seeming
eccentricities
consistent for ever.
I shall satiate my
ardent curiosity
with the sight of a
part
render their seeming
eccentricities
consistent for ever.
I shall satiate my
ardent curiosity
with the sight of a
part
of
01
of
the
the
the
world
World
world
never before
visited, and
never before
visited, and
never before
visited, and
may
way
may
tread a land never
before imprinted
tread a land never
before imprinted
tread a land never
before imprinted
by the
y t e
by the
foot of man
foot of man
foot of man
.
;
.
These are my
These are my
These are my
enticements,
en- ticements?,
enticements,
and they are
sufficient to
and they are
sufficient to
and they are
sufficient to
conquer
con- quer
conquer
all fear of danger
or death, and to
induce me
all fear of danger
or death, and to
induce me
all fear of danger
or death, and to
induce me
-
-
-
to
to
to
commence
Commence
commence
this laborious
this laborious
this laborious
voyage
°yage
voyage
with the joy a child
feels when he
embarks
with the joy a child
feels when he
embarks
with the joy a child
feels when he
embarks
-
-
in a little boat,
with
in a little boat,
with
in a little boat,
with
his holiday
liis holi- day
his holiday
mates, on an
expedition of
discovery up his
native river. But,
supposing all these
conjectures to be
false, you cannot
contest the
inestimable benefit
which I
mates, on an
expedition of
discovery up his
native river. But,
supposing all these
conjectures to be
false, you cannot
contest the
inestimable benefit
which I
mates, on an
expedition of
discovery up his
native river. But,
supposing all these
conjectures to be
false, you cannot
contest the
inestimable benefit
which I
-
*
-
shall confer on all
mankind to the last
shall confer on all
mankind to the last
shall confer on all
mankind to the last
generation
4generation
generation
, by discovering a
passage near the
pole to those
countries, to reach
which at present so
many months are
requisite; or by
ascertaining the
secret of the
magnet, which, if at
all possible, can
only be effected by
an undertaking such
as mine. These
reflections have
dispelled the
agitation with which
I began my letter,
and I feel my heart
glow with an
, by discovering a
passage near the
pole to those
countries, to reach
which at present so
many months are
requisite; or by
ascertaining the
secret of the
magnet, which, if at
all possible, can
only be effected by
an undertaking such
as mine. These
reflections have
dispelled the
agitation with which
I began my letter,
and I feel my heart
glow with an
, by discovering a
passage near the
pole to those
countries, to reach
which at present so
many months are
requisite; or by
ascertaining the
secret of the
magnet, which, if at
all possible, can
only be effected by
an undertaking such
as mine. These
reflections have
dispelled the
agitation with which
I began my letter,
and I feel my heart
glow with an
enthusiasm
en- thusiasm
enthusiasm
which elevates me to
heaven; for nothing
contributes so much
to
which elevates me to
heaven; for nothing
contributes so much
to
which elevates me to
heaven; for nothing
contributes so much
to
tranquillize
tran- quillize
tranquilise
the mind as a steady
purpose
the mind as a steady
purpose
the mind as a steady
purpose
,—
,—
, —
a point on which the
soul may fix its
a point on which the
soul may fix its
a point on which the
soul may fix its
intellectual
in- tellectual
intellectual
eye. This expedition
has been the
favourite dream of
eye. This expedition
has been the
favourite dream of
eye. This expedition
has been the
favourite dream of
my
nay
my
-
-
early years. I have
read with ardour the
accounts of the
various voyages
early years. I have
read with ardour the
accounts of the
various voyages
early years. I have
read with ardour the
accounts of the
various voyages
which
w'hich
which
have been made in
the prospect of
arriving at the
North Pacific Ocean
through the seas
which surround the
pole. You may
have been made in
the prospect of
arriving at the
North Pacific Ocean
through the seas
which surround the
pole. You may
have been made in
the prospect of
arriving at the
North Pacific Ocean
through the seas
which surround the
pole. You may
remember
re- member
remember
,
,
-
that a history of
all the voyages
that a history of
all the voyages
that a history of
all the voyages
-
*1
-
made for purposes of
discovery composed
made for purposes of
discovery composed
made for purposes of
discovery composed
-
^
-
the whole of our
good uncle Thomas’s
library. My
education was
neglected, yet I was
passionately fond of
reading. These
volumes were my
study day and
the whole of our
good uncle Thomas’s
library. My
education was
neglected, yet I was
passionately fond of
reading. These
volumes were my
study day and
the whole of our
good uncle Thomas’s
library. My
education was
neglected, yet I was
passionately fond of
reading. These
volumes were my
study day and
night
right
night
, and my familiarity
with them
, and my familiarity
with them
, and my familiarity
with them
increased
in- creased
increased
that regret which I
had felt, as a
child, on learning
that my father’s
dying injunction had
forbidden my uncle
to allow me to
embark in a
that regret which I
had felt, as a
child, on learning
that my father’s
dying injunction had
forbidden my uncle
to allow me to
embark in a
that regret which I
had felt, as a
child, on learning
that my father’s
dying injunction had
forbidden my uncle
to allow me to
embark in a
sea-faring
sea-faring
seafaring
life. These visions
faded when I
perused, for the
first time, those
poets whose
life. These visions
faded when I
perused, for the
first time, those
poets whose
life. These visions
faded when I
perused, for the
first time, those
poets whose
effusions
e usions
effusions
entranced my soul,
and lifted
entranced my soul,
and lifted
entranced my soul,
and lifted
it
1
it
to heaven. I also
became a poet
to heaven. I also
became a poet
to heaven.I also
became a poet
,
,
,
and for one year
lived
and for one year
lived
and for one year
lived
in
ih
in
a Paradise of my own
creation; I imagined
that I also might
obtain a niche in
the temple where the
names of
a Paradise of my own
creation; I imagined
that I also might
obtain a niche in
the temple where the
names of
a Paradise of my own
creation; I imagined
that I also might
obtain a niche in
the temple where the
names of
-
-
-
Homer and
Homer and
Homer and
Shakespeare
Sbakspeare
Shakespeare
are consecrated.
are consecrated.
are consecrated.
You
Y ou
You
are well acquainted
with my failure, and
how heavily I
are well acquainted
with my failure, and
how heavily I
are well acquainted
with my failure, and
how heavily I
-
'
-
bore the
disappointment. But
just at that time I
inherited the
fortune of my
bore the
disappointment. But
just at that time I
inherited the
fortune of my
bore the
disappointment. But
just at that time I
inherited the
fortune of my
cousin
Cousin
cousin
, and my thoughts
were turned into the
channel of their
earlier bent. Six
years have passed
since I resolved on
my present
undertaking. I can,
even now, remember
the hour from which
I dedicated myself
to this great
enterprise. I
commenced by inuring
my body to hardship.
I accompanied the
, and my thoughts
were turned into the
channel of their
earlier bent. Six
years have passed
since I resolved on
my present
undertaking. I can,
even now, remember
the hour from which
I dedicated myself
to this great
enterprise. I
commenced by inuring
my body to hardship.
I accompanied the
, and my thoughts
were turned into the
channel of their
earlier bent. Six
years have passed
since I resolved on
my present
undertaking. I can,
even now, remember
the hour from which
I dedicated myself
to this great
enterprise. I
commenced by inuring
my body to hardship.
I accompanied the
whale-
whaler
whale-
fishers on several
expeditions to the
fishers on several
expeditions to the
fishers on several
expeditions to the
-
'
-
North Sea; I
voluntarily endured
cold, famine,
thirst, and want of
sleep; I often
North Sea; I
voluntarily endured
cold, famine,
thirst, and want of
sleep; I often
North Sea; I
voluntarily endured
cold, famine,
thirst, and want of
sleep; I often
worked
Worked
worked
harder than the
common sailors
during the day, and
devoted my
harder than the
common sailors
during the day, and
devoted my
harder than the
common sailors
during the day, and
devoted my
-
-
nights to the study
of mathematics, the
nights to the study
of mathematics, the
nights to the study
of mathematics, the
theory
theoi-y
theory
of medicine, and
those branches of
physical
of medicine, and
those branches of
physical
of medicine, and
those branches of
physical
-
.
-
science from which a
naval adventurer
might
science from which a
naval adventurer
might
science from which a
naval adventurer
might
-
,
-
derive
derive
derive
-
,
-
the greatest
practical advantage.
Twice I actually
hired myself as an
under-mate in a
Greenland whaler,
and acquitted myself
to admiration. I
the greatest
practical advantage.
Twice I actually
hired myself as an
under-mate in a
Greenland whaler,
and acquitted myself
to admiration. I
the greatest
practical advantage.
Twice I actually
hired myself as an
under-mate in a
Greenland whaler,
and acquitted myself
to admiration. I
-
,
-
must own I felt a
little proud
must own I felt a
little proud
must own I felt a
little proud
,
,,
,
when
when
when
-
.
-
my captain offered
me the second
dignity in the
vessel, and
entreated me to
remain with the
greatest
earnestness; so
valuable did he
consider my
services. And now,
dear Margaret, do I
not deserve to
accomplish some
great
my captain offered
me the second
dignity in the
vessel, and
entreated me to
remain with the
greatest
earnestness; so
valuable did he
consider my
services. And now,
dear Margaret, do I
not deserve to
accomplish some
great
my captain offered
me the second
dignity in the
vessel, and
entreated me to
remain with the
greatest
earnestness; so
valuable did he
consider my
services. And now,
dear Margaret, do I
not deserve to
accomplish some
great
purpose
pur- pose
purpose
? My life might have
been passed in ease
and luxury; but I
preferred glory to
every enticement
that wealth placed
in my path. Oh, that
some
? My life might have
been passed in ease
and luxury; but I
preferred glory to
every enticement
that wealth placed
in my path. Oh, that
some
? My life might have
been passed in ease
and luxury; but I
preferred glory to
every enticement
that wealth placed
in my path. Oh, that
some
encouraging
en- couraging
encouraging
voice would answer
in the affirmative
voice would answer
in the affirmative
voice would answer
in the affirmative
!
!’
!
My courage and my
My courage and my
My courage and my
resolution
reso- lution
resolution
is firm; but my
hopes fluctuate
is firm; but my
hopes fluctuate
is firm; but my
hopes fluctuate
,
,
,
and my
arid iny
and my
spirits are often
depressed. I am
about to proceed on
a long and
spirits are often
depressed. I am
about to proceed on
a long and
spirits are often
depressed. I am
about to proceed on
a long and
difficult
dif- ficult
difficult
voyage
voyage
voyage
;
;
,
the emergencies of
which will demand
all my fortitude: I
am
the emergencies of
which will demand
all my fortitude : I
am
the emergencies of
which will demand
all my fortitude: I
am
required
re- quired
required
not only to raise
the spirits of
others, but
sometimes to sustain
my own, when
not only to raise
the spirits of
others, but
sometimes to sustain
my own, when
not only to raise
the spirits of
others, but
sometimes to sustain
my own, when
their’s
their’s
theirs
are failing. This
is the most
favourable period
for travelling in
Russia. They fly
quickly over the
snow in their
sledges; the
are failing. This
is the most
favourable period
for travelling in
Russia. They fly
quickly over the
snow in their
sledges; the
are failing. This
is the most
favourable period
for travelling in
Russia. They fly
quickly over the
snow in their
sledges; the
motion
mo- tion
motion
is pleasant, and, in
my opinion, far more
agreeable than that
of an English stage-
coach. The cold is
not excessive, if
you are
is pleasant, and, in
my opinion, far more
agreeable than that
of an English stage-
coach. The cold is
not excessive, if
you are
is pleasant, and, in
my opinion, far more
agreeable than that
of an English stage-
coach. The cold is
not excessive, if
you are
wrapt
wrapt
wrapped
in furs
in furs
in furs
,
,
—
a dress which I have
already adopted; for
there is a great
difference between
walking the deck and
remaining seated
motionless for
hours, when no
exercise prevents
the blood from
actually freezing in
your veins. I have
no ambition to lose
my life on the post-
road between St.
a dress which I have
already adopted; for
there is a great
difference between
walking the deck and
remaining seated
motionless for
hours, when no
exercise prevents
the blood from
actually freezing in
your veins. I have
no ambition to lose
my life on the post-
road between St.
a dress which I have
already adopted; for
there is a great
difference between
walking the deck and
remaining seated
motionless for
hours, when no
exercise prevents
the blood from
actually freezing in
your veins. I have
no ambition to lose
my life on the post-
road between St.
Petersburgh
Peters- burgh
Petersburgh
and Archangel
and Archangel
and Archangel
.
.
.
I shall depart for
the latter town in
I shall depart for
the latter town in
I shall depart for
the latter town in
a
%
a
fortnight or three
weeks; and my
fortnight or three
weeks; and my
fortnight or three
weeks; and my
intention
in- tention
intention
is to hire a ship
there, which can
easily be done by
paying the insurance
for the owner, and
to engage as many
sailors as I think
necessary among
those who are
accustomed to the
whale-
is to hire a ship
there, which can
easily be done by
paying the insurance
for the owner, and
to engage as many
sailors as I think
necessary among
those who are
accustomed to the
whale-
is to hire a ship
there, which can
easily be done by
paying the insurance
for the owner, and
to engage as many
sailors as I think
necessary among
those who are
accustomed to the
whale-
fishing
fishinsr
fishing
. I do not intend to
sail until the month
of June
. I do not intend to
sail until the month
of June
. I do not intend to
sail until the month
of June
:
;
:
and when shall I
return? Ah, dear
sister, how can I
answer this
and when shall I
return? Ah, dear
sister, how can I
answer this
and when shall I
return? Ah, dear
sister, how can I
answer this
question
ques- tion
question
? If I succeed,
many, many months,
perhaps years, will
pass before you and
I may meet. If I
fail, you will see
me again soon
? If I succeed,
many, many months,
perhaps years, will
pass before you and
I may meet. If I
fail, you will see
me again soon
? If I succeed,
many, many months,
perhaps years, will
pass before you and
I may meet. If I
fail, you will see
me again soon
,
,,
,
or never.
or never.
or never.
-
v
-
Farewell, my dear,
excellent
Farewell, my dear,
excellent
Farewell, my dear,
excellent
,
,
-
Margaret
Mar-garet
Margaret
. Heaven shower down
blessings
. Heaven shower down
blessings
. Heaven shower down
blessings
on you
. °uyou
on you
, and save me, that
I may again
, and save me, that
I may again
, and save me, that
I may again
and
aud
and
again testify my
gratitude for all
your love and
kindness. Your
affectionate brother
again testify my
gratitude for all
your love and
kindness. Your
affectionate brother
again testify my
gratitude for all
your love and
kindness. Your
affectionate brother
,
, .
,
R.
R.
R.
W[ALTON
Walton.
W[ALTON
].
-
].
LETTER II
LETTER II
LETTER II
.% %
. To
. %
_To
-
_To
Mrs.
Mrs.
Mrs.
_
Saville, England
-
S[AVILLE],
-
S[AVILLE],
_England
-
England
.
.
.
_%
-
_%
Archangel, 28th
March, 17
Archangel, 28th
March, 17
Archangel, 28th
March, 17
—.
—%
—.
How slowly the time
passes here,
How slowly the time
passes here,
How slowly the time
passes here,
encompassed
en- compassed
encompassed
as I am by frost and
snow
as I am by frost and
snow
as I am by frost and
snow
;
;
!
yet a second step is
taken towards my
enterprise. I have
hired a vessel, and
am occupied in
collecting my
sailors; those whom
I have already
engaged
yet a second step is
taken towards my
enterprise. I have
hired a vessel, and
am occupied in
collecting my
sailors; those whom
I have already
engaged
yet a second step is
taken towards my
enterprise. I have
hired a vessel, and
am occupied in
collecting my
sailors; those whom
I have already
engaged
-
ap- pear
,
appear
-
appear
to be men on whom I
can depend, and are
certainly possessed
of dauntless
courage. But I have
one want which I
have never yet been
able to satisfy; and
to be men on whom I
can depend, and are
certainly possessed
of dauntless
courage. But I have
one want which I
have never yet been
able to satisfy ;
and
to be men on whom I
can depend, and are
certainly possessed
of dauntless
courage. But I have
one want which I
have never yet been
able to satisfy; and
the
thfi
the
absence of the
object of which I
absence of the
object of which I
absence of the
object of which I
-
-
now
now
now
feel
fetel
feel
as a most severe
evil. I have no
friend, Margaret:
when I am
as a most severe
evil. I have no
friend, Margaret:
when I am
as a most severe
evil. I have no
friend, Margaret:
when I am
glowing
glow- ing
glowing
with the enthusiasm
of success, there
will be none to
participate my joy;
if I am assailed by
with the enthusiasm
of success, there
will be none to
participate my joy;
if I am assailed by
with the enthusiasm
of success, there
will be none to
participate my joy;
if I am assailed by
disappointment
disappoint- ment
disappointment
, no one will
endeavour to sustain
me in dejection. I
shall commit my
thoughts to paper,
it is true; but that
is a poor medium for
the
, no one will
endeavour to sustain
me in dejection. I
shall commit my
thoughts to paper,
it is true; but that
is a poor medium for
the
, no one will
endeavour to sustain
me in dejection. I
shall commit my
thoughts to paper,
it is true; but that
is a poor medium for
the
communication
communica- tion
communication
of feeling. I desire
the company of a man
who could sympathize
with me; whose eyes
would reply to mine.
You may deem me
romantic, my dear
sister, but I
bitterly feel the
want of a friend. I
have no one near me,
gentle yet
courageous,
possessed of a
cultivated
of feeling. I desire
the company of a man
who could sympathize
with me; whose eyes
would reply to mine.
You may deem me
romantic, my dear
sister, but I
bitterly feel the
want of a friend. I
have no one near me,
gentle yet
courageous,
possessed of a
cultivated
of feeling. I desire
the company of a man
who could sympathize
with me; whose eyes
would reply to mine.
You may deem me
romantic, my dear
sister, but I
bitterly feel the
want of a friend. I
have no one near me,
gentle yet
courageous,
possessed of a
cultivated
as
48
as
well as of a
capacious mind,
whose tastes are
like my own, to
approve or amend my
plans. How would
such a friend repair
the faults of your
poor brother! I am
too ardent in
execution, and too
impatient of
difficulties
well as of a
capacious mind,
whose tastes are
like my own, to
approve or amend my
plans. How would
such a friend repair
the faults of your
poor brother! I am
too ardent in
execution, and too
impatient of
difficulties
well as of a
capacious mind,
whose tastes are
like my own, to
approve or amend my
plans. How would
such a friend repair
the faults of your
poor brother! I am
too ardent in
execution, and too
impatient of
difficulties
.
.
.
But it is a still
greater evil to me
that I
But it is a still
greater evil to me
that I
But it is a still
greater evil to me
that I
am
ana
am
self-educated: for
the first fourteen
years of my life I
ran wild on a
common, and read
nothing but our
uncle Thomas’s books
of voyages. At that
age I became
acquainted with the
celebrated poets
self-educated: for
the first fourteen
years of my life I
ran wild on a
common, and read
nothing but our
uncle Thomas’s books
of voyages. At that
age I became
acquainted with the
celebrated poets
self-educated: for
the first fourteen
years of my life I
ran wild on a
common, and read
nothing but our
uncle Thomas’s books
of voyages. At that
age I became
acquainted with the
celebrated poets
-
,
-
of our own country;
but it was only when
it had ceased to be
in my power to
of our own country;
but it was only when
it had ceased to be
in my power to
of our own country;
but it was only when
it had ceased to be
in my power to
derive
de- rive
derive
its most important
benefits from such a
conviction, that
its most important
benefits from such a
conviction, that
its most important
benefits from such a
conviction, that
I
1
I
perceived the
necessity of
becoming acquainted
with more languages
than that of my
native country. Now
I am twenty-eight,
and am in reality
more illiterate than
many
perceived the
necessity of
becoming acquainted
with more languages
than that of my
native country. Now
I am twenty-eight,
and am in reality
more illiterate than
many
perceived the
necessity of
becoming acquainted
with more languages
than that of my
native country. Now
I am twenty-eight,
and am in reality
more illiterate than
many
school-boys
school-boys
schoolboys
of fifteen. It is
true that
of fifteen. It is
true that
of fifteen. It is
true that
I
1
I
have thought more,
and that my day
dreams are more
extended and
have thought more,
and that my day
dreams are more
extended and
have thought more,
and that my day
dreams are more
extended and
magnificent
magni- ficent
magnificent
; but they want (as
the painters call
it)
; but they want (as
the painters call
it)
; but they want (as
the painters call
it)
_keeping_
keeping
_keeping_
; and I greatly need
a friend who
; and I greatly need
a friend who
; and I greatly need
a friend who
would
wouki
would
have sense enough
not to despise me as
romantic, and
affection
have sense enough
not to despise me as
romantic, and
affection
have sense enough
not to despise me as
romantic, and
affection
i
-
enough for me to
endeavour to
regulate my mind.
Well, these are
useless complaints;
I shall certainly
find no friend on
the wide ocean, nor
even here in
Archangel, among
merchants and
seamen. Yet some
feelings, unallied
to the dross of
human nature, beat
even in these rugged
bosoms. My
lieutenant, for
instance, is a man
of wonderful courage
and
enough for me to
endeavour to
regulate my mind.
Well, these are
useless complaints;
I shall certainly
find no friend on
the wide ocean, nor
even here in
Archangel, among
merchants and
seamen. Yet some
feelings, unallied
to the dross of
human nature, beat
even in these rugged
bosoms. My
lieutenant, for
instance, is a man
of wonderful courage
and
enough for me to
endeavour to
regulate my mind.
Well, these are
useless complaints;
I shall certainly
find no friend on
the wide ocean, nor
even here in
Archangel, among
merchants and
seamen. Yet some
feelings, unallied
to the dross of
human nature, beat
even in these rugged
bosoms. My
lieutenant, for
instance, is a man
of wonderful courage
and
enterprise
enter- prise
enterprise
; he is madly
desirous of glory
; he is madly
desirous of glory
; he is madly
desirous of glory
-
-
: or rather, to word
my phrase more
characteristically,
of advancement in
his profession
. He is an
Englishman, and in
the midst of
national and
professional
prejudices,
unsoftened by
cultivation, retains
some of the noblest
endowments of
humanity.
. He is an
Englishman, and in
the midst of
national and
professional
prejudices,
unsoftened by
cultivation, retains
some of the noblest
endowments of
humanity.
. He is an
Englishman, and in
the midst of
national and
professional
prejudices,
unsoftened by
cultivation, retains
some of the noblest
endowments of
humanity.
I
1
I
first became
acquainted with him
on board a whale
vessel: finding that
he was unemployed in
this city, I easily
first became
acquainted with him
on board a whale
vessel: finding that
he was unemployed in
this city, I easily
first became
acquainted with him
on board a whale
vessel: finding that
he was unemployed in
this city, I easily
engaged
en- gaged
engaged
him to assist in my
enterprise. The
master is a person
of an
him to assist in my
enterprise. The
master is a person
of an
him to assist in my
enterprise. The
master is a person
of an
excellent
excel- lent
excellent
disposition, and is
remarkable in
disposition, and is
remarkable in
disposition, and is
remarkable in
-
-
the ship for his
gentleness
the ship for his
gentleness
the ship for his
gentleness
,
-
-
and the
and the
and the
mildness
mild- ness
mildness
of his discipline
of his discipline
of his discipline
-
-
. This circumstance,
added to his well
known integrity and
dauntless courage,
made me very
desirous to engage
him
.
.
.
He is
He is
A youth passed in
solitude
,
,
,
indeed
indeed
my best years spent
under your gentle
and feminine
fosterage
,
,
,
of
of
has
so
so
so
amiable a nature
amiable a nature
refined the
groundwork of my
character
, that
, that
, that
he will not hunt (
he will not hunt (
I cannot overcome an
intense distaste to
the usual brutality
exercised on board
ship: I have never
believed it to be
necessary; and when
I heard of
a
a
a
favourite
favourite
mariner equally
noted for his
kindliness of heart
, and
, and
, and
almost
almost
-
the
the
the
only amusement
here), because he
cannot endure
only amusement
here), because he
cannot endure
respect and
obedience paid to
him by his crew, I
felt myself
peculiarly fortunate
in being able
to
to
to
spill blood
spill blood
secure his services
.
.
.
He is
He is
I heard of him first
in rather a romantic
manner, from a lady
who owes to him the
happiness of her
life. This
,
,
,
moreover
moreover
briefly
,
,
,
heroically generous
heroically generous
is his story
. Some years ago he
loved a young
Russian lady, of
. Some years ago he
loved a young
Russian lady, of
. Some years ago he
loved a young
Russian lady, of
moderate
mo- derate
moderate
fortune; and having
amassed a
considerable sum in
prize-money, the
father of the girl
consented to the
match. He saw his
mistress once
fortune; and having
amassed a
considerable sum in
prize-money, the
father of the girl
consented to the
match. He saw his
mistress once
fortune; and having
amassed a
considerable sum in
prize-money, the
father of the girl
consented to the
match. He saw his
mistress once
before
be- fore
before
the destined
ceremony; but she
the destined
ceremony; but she
the destined
ceremony; but she
-
•
-
was bathed in tears,
and, throwing
was bathed in tears,
and, throwing
was bathed in tears,
and, throwing
herself
her- self
herself
at
at
at
-
.
-
his feet, entreated
him to spare her,
confessing at the
same time that she
loved another, but
that he was poor,
and that her father
would never consent
to the union. My
generous friend
his feet, entreated
him to spare her,
confessing at the
same time that she
loved another, but
that he was poor,
and that her father
would never consent
to the union. My
generous friend
his feet, entreated
him to spare her,
confessing at the
same time that she
loved another, but
that he was poor,
and that her father
would never consent
to the union. My
generous friend
reassured
re- assured
reassured
the suppliant, and
on being informed of
the name of her
lover
the suppliant, and
on being informed of
the name of her
lover
the suppliant, and
on being informed of
the name of her
lover
-
in- stantly
,
instantly
-
instantly
abandoned his
pursuit. He had
abandoned his
pursuit. He had
abandoned his
pursuit. He had
-
-
already bought a
farm with his money,
on which he had
designed
already bought a
farm with his money,
on which he had
designed
already bought a
farm with his money,
on which he had
designed
-
,
-
to pass the
remainder of his
life; but he
bestowed the whole
on his rival,
together with the
remains of his
prize-money to
purchase stock, and
then himself
solicited the young
woman
to pass the
remainder of his
life; but he
bestowed the whole
on his rival,
together with the
remains of his
prize-money to
purchase stock, and
then himself
solicited the young
woman
to pass the
remainder of his
life; but he
bestowed the whole
on his rival,
together with the
remains of his
prize-money to
purchase stock, and
then himself
solicited the young
woman
’
'
’
s father to consent
to her marriage with
her lover. But the
old man decidedly
refused, thinking
s father to consent
to her marriage with
her lover. But the
old man decidedly
refused, thinking
s father to consent
to her marriage with
her lover. But the
old man decidedly
refused, thinking
himself
him- self
himself
bound in honour to
my friend; who, when
he found the father
bound in honour to
my friend; who, when
he found the father
bound in honour to
my friend; who, when
he found the father
inexorable
in- exorable
inexorable
, quitted his
country
, quitted his
country
, quitted his
country
,
*
,
nor
nor
nor
returned
re- turned
returned
until he heard that
his former mistress
was married
according to her
inclinations. “What
a noble fellow!” you
will exclaim. He is
so; but then he
until he heard that
his former mistress
was married
according to her
inclinations. “ What
a noble fellow!” you
will exclaim. He is
so; but then he
until he heard that
his former mistress
was married
according to her
inclinations. “What
a noble fellow!” you
will exclaim. He is
so; but then he
has passed all his
life on board
has passed all his
life on board
is wholly
uneducated: he is as
silent as
a
a
a
vessel
vessel
Turk
, and
, and
, and
has scarcely an idea
beyond
has scarcely an idea
beyond
a kind of ignorant
carelessness attends
him, which, while it
renders his conduct
the more
astonishing,
detracts from
the
the
the
rope
rope
interest
and
and
and
the shroud
the shroud
sympathy which
otherwise he would
command
.
.
.
But
But
Yet
do not suppose
do not suppose
do not suppose
that
that
-
, because I complain
a little, or because
I can
, because I complain
a little, or because
I can
, because I complain
a little, or because
I can
conceive
con- ceive
conceive
a consolation for my
toils which I
a consolation for my
toils which I
a consolation for my
toils which I
-
-
may never know, that
I am wavering in my
resolutions. Those
are as fixed as
fate; and my voyage
is only now delayed
until the weather
shall permit
may never know, that
I am wavering in my
resolutions. Those
are as fixed as
fate; and my voyage
is only now delayed
until the weather
shall permit
may never know, that
I am wavering in my
resolutions. Those
are as fixed as
fate; and my voyage
is only now delayed
until the weather
shall permit
-
;
-
my embarkation. The
winter has been
dreadfully severe;
but the spring
my embarkation. The
winter has been
dreadfully severe;
but the spring
my embarkation. The
winter has been
dreadfully severe;
but the spring
promises
pro-, mises
promises
well, and it is
considered as a
remarkably early
season; so that
well, and it is
considered as a
remarkably early
season; so that
well, and it is
considered as a
remarkably early
season; so that
, perhaps,
per- haps
, perhaps,
I may sail sooner
than I expected. I
shall do nothing
rashly
I may sail sooner
than I expected. I
shall do nothing
rashly
I may sail sooner
than I expected. I
shall do nothing
rashly
;
:
;
you
you
you
know
kno^
know
me sufficiently to
confide in my
me sufficiently to
confide in my
me sufficiently to
confide in my
prudence
pru- dence
prudence
and considerateness
whenever the safety
of others is
committed to my care
and considerateness
whenever the safety
of others is
committed to my care
and considerateness
whenever the safety
of others is
committed to my care
.
*.
.
I cannot describe to
you my
I cannot describe to
you my
I cannot describe to
you my
sensations
sensa- tions
sensations
on the near prospect
of my
on the near prospect
of my
on the near prospect
of my
undertaking
under- taking
undertaking
. It is impossible
to communicate to
you a conception of
the trembling
sensation, half
pleasurable and half
. It is impossible
to communicate to
you a conception of
the trembling
sensation, half
pleasurable and half
. It is impossible
to communicate to
you a conception of
the trembling
sensation, half
pleasurable and half
fearful
fear- ful
fearful
, with which I am
preparing to depart.
I am going to
unexplored regions,
to “the land of mist
and
, with which I am
preparing to depart.
I am going to
unexplored regions,
to “the land of mist
and
, with which I am
preparing to depart.
I am going to
unexplored regions,
to “the land of mist
and
-
-
snow;” but I shall
kill no
snow;” but I shall
kill no
snow;” but I shall
kill no
-
-
-
albatross, therefore
do not be alarmed
albatross, therefore
do not be alarmed
albatross, therefore
do not be alarmed
-
f°r
for my safety, or if
I should come back
to you as worn and
woful as the
“Ancient Mariner?”
You will smile at my
allusion; but I will
disclose a secret. I
have often
attributed my
attachment to, my
passionate
enthusiasm for, the
dangerous mysteries
of the ocean, to
that production of
the most imaginative
of modern poets.
There is something
at work in my soul,
which I do not
understand. I am
practically
industrious — pains-
taking; — a workman
to execute with
perseverance and
labour: — but
besides this, there
is a love
for
-
for
-
-
the marvellous, a
belief in the
marvellous,
intertwined in all
my
my
my
safety
safety
projects, which
hurries me out of
the common pathways
of men, even to the
wild sea and
unvisited regions I
am about to explore.
But to return to
dearer
considerations
. Shall I meet you
again, after having
traversed immense
seas, and returned
by the most southern
cape of Africa or
America? I dare not
expect such
. Shall I meet you
again, after having
traversed immense
seas, and returned
by the most southern
cape of Africa or
America? I dare not
expect such
. Shall I meet you
again, after having
traversed immense
seas, and returned
by the most southern
cape of Africa or
America? I dare not
expect such
success
suc- cess
success
, yet I cannot bear
to look on the
reverse of the
picture. Continue
, yet I cannot bear
to look on the
reverse of the
picture. Continue
, yet I cannot bear
to look on the
reverse of the
picture. Continue
-
-
for the present
to write to me by
every opportunity: I
to write to me by
every opportunity: I
to write to me by
every opportunity: I
may
way
may
receive your letters
receive your letters
receive your letters
(though the chance
is very doubtful)
(though the chance
is very doubtful)
-
on some
on some
on some
occasions
occa- sions
occasions
when I need them
most to support my
spirits. I love you
very tenderly.
Remember me with
affection, should
you never hear from
me again. Your
affectionate
brother,
when I need them
most to support my
spirits. I love you
very tenderly.
Remember me with
affection, should
you never hear from
me again. Your
affectionate
brother,
when I need them
most to support my
spirits. I love you
very tenderly.
Remember me with
affection, should
you never hear from
me again. Your
affectionate
brother,
R[OBERT] W[ALTON
Robert Walton.
R[OBERT] W[ALTON
].
-
].
LETTER III
LETTER III
LETTER III
.% %
. To
. %
_To
-
_To
Mrs.
Mrs.
Mrs.
_
Saville, England
-
S[AVILLE],
-
S[AVILLE],
_England
-
England
.
.
.
_%
-
_%
July 7th, 17
July 7th, 17
July 7th, 17
—. [MY
—• MT
—. [MY
DEAR SISTER
DEAR SISTER
DEAR SISTER
], I [WRITE]
, 1 write
], I [WRITE]
a few lines in
haste, to say that I
am safe, and well
advanced
a few lines in
haste, to say that I
am safe, and well
advanced
a few lines in
haste, to say that I
am safe, and well
advanced
on
oO
on
my voyage. This
letter will reach
England by a
my voyage. This
letter will reach
England by a
my voyage. This
letter will reach
England by a
merchant-man
merchant-man
merchantman
now on its homeward
voyage from
Archangel; more
fortunate than I,
who may not see my
native land,
perhaps, for many
years. I am,
however, in good
spirits: my men are
bold, and apparently
firm of purpose; nor
do the floating
sheets of ice that
continually pass us,
now on its homeward
voyage from
Archangel; more
fortunate than I,
who may not see my
native land,
perhaps, for many
years. I am,
however, in good
spirits: my men are
bold, and apparently
firm of purpose; nor
do the floating
sheets of ice that
continually pass us,
now on its homeward
voyage from
Archangel; more
fortunate than I,
who may not see my
native land,
perhaps, for many
years. I am,
however, in good
spirits: my men are
bold, and apparently
firm of purpose; nor
do the floating
sheets of ice that
continually pass us,
indicating
indi- eating
indicating
-
-
the dangers of the
region towards which
we are advancing,
appear to
the dangers of the
region towards which
we are advancing,
appear to
the dangers of the
region towards which
we are advancing,
appear to
dismay
dis- may
dismay
them. We have
already reached a
very high latitude;
but it is the height
of summer, and
although not so warm
as in England, the
southern gales,
which blow us
speedily towards
those shores which I
so ardently desire
to attain, breathe a
degree of renovating
warmth which I had
not expected. No
incidents have
hitherto befallen us
them. We have
already reached a
very high latitude;
but it is the height
of summer, and
although not so warm
as in England, the
southern gales,
which blow us
speedily towards
those shores which I
so ardently desire
to attain, breathe a
degree of renovating
warmth which I had
not expected. No
incidents have
hitherto befallen us
them. We have
already reached a
very high latitude;
but it is the height
of summer, and
although not so warm
as in England, the
southern gales,
which blow us
speedily towards
those shores which I
so ardently desire
to attain, breathe a
degree of renovating
warmth which I had
not expected. No
incidents have
hitherto befallen us
,
-
-
that would make a
figure in a letter.
One or two stiff
gales, and the
that would make a
figure in a letter.
One or two stiff
gales, and the
that would make a
figure in a letter.
One or two stiff
gales, and the
breaking
break- ing
springing
of a
of a
of a
mast
mast
leak
, are accidents
which
, are accidents
which
, are accidents
which
experienced
ex- perienced
experienced
navigators scarcely
remember to record;
and I shall be well
content
navigators scarcely
remember to record;
and I shall be well
content
navigators scarcely
remember to record;
and I shall be well
content
,
-
-
if nothing worse
happen to us during
our voyage. Adieu,
my dear Margaret. Be
assured, that for my
own sake, as well as
if nothing worse
happen to us during
our voyage. Adieu,
my dear Margaret. Be
assured, that for my
own sake, as well as
if nothing worse
happen to us during
our voyage. Adieu,
my dear Margaret. Be
assured, that for my
own sake, as well as
your’s
yourS
yours
, I will not rashly
encounter danger
, I will not rashly
encounter danger
, I will not rashly
encounter danger
.
.
.
I will be cool,
persevering, and
prudent
I will be cool,
persevering, and
prudent
I will be cool,
persevering, and
prudent
-
. -- --------------
--------7 ---,
. But success
_shall_ crown my
endeavours
.
-
.
Remember me to all
Remember me to all
Wherefore not? Thus
far I have gone,
tracing a secure way
over the pathless
seas: the very stars
themselves being
witnesses and
testimonies of
my
my
my
English friends
English friends
triumph
.
.
.
Most affectionately
yours
Most affectionately
yours
Why not still
proceed over the
untamed yet obedient
element? What can
stop the determined
heart and resolved
will of man? My
swelling heart
involuntarily pours
itself out thus
,
, /
-
R
R
-
.
.
.
W
W
But I must finish
.
.
.
-
-
Heaven bless my
beloved sister!
R.W.
LETTER IV
LETTER IV
LETTER IV
.% %
. To
%
_To
-
_To
Mrs.
Mrs.
Mrs.
_
Saville, England
-
S[AVILLE],
-
S[AVILLE],
_England
-
England
.
.
.
_%
-
_%
August 5th, 17—. So
strange an accident
has happened to us,
that I cannot
forbear recording
it, although it is
very probable that
you will see me
before these papers
can come into your
possession. Last
Monday (July 31st),
we were nearly
surrounded by ice,
which closed in the
ship on all sides,
scarcely leaving her
the sea
August 5th, 17—. So
strange an accident
has happened to us,
that I cannot
forbear recording
it, although it is
very probable that
you will see me
before these papers
can come into your
possession. Last
Monday (July 31st),
we were nearly
surrounded by ice,
which closed in the
ship on all sides,
scarcely leaving her
the sea
August 5th, 17—. So
strange an accident
has happened to us,
that I cannot
forbear recording
it, although it is
very probable that
you will see me
before these papers
can come into your
possession. Last
Monday (July 31st),
we were nearly
surrounded by ice,
which closed in the
ship on all sides,
scarcely leaving her
the sea
-
-
-
room in which she
floated. Our
situation was
somewhat dangerous,
especially as we
were compassed round
by a very thick fog.
We accordingly lay
room in which she
floated. Our
situation was
somewhat dangerous,
especially as we
were compassed round
by a very thick fog.
We accordingly lay
room in which she
floated. Our
situation was
somewhat dangerous,
especially as we
were compassed round
by a very thick fog.
We accordingly lay
to,
-
to,
hoping that some
hoping that some
hoping that some
-
-
change would take
place in the
atmosphere and
weather. About two
o’clock the mist
cleared away, and we
beheld, stretched
out in every
direction, vast and
irregular plains of
ice, which seemed to
have no end. Some of
my comrades groaned,
and my own mind
began to grow
watchful with
anxious thoughts,
when a strange sight
suddenly attracted
our attention, and
change would take
place in the
atmosphere and
weather. About two
o’clock the mist
cleared away, and we
beheld, stretched
out in every
direction, vast and
irregular plains of
ice, which seemed to
have no end. Some of
my comrades groaned,
and my own mind
began to grow
watchful with
anxious thoughts,
when a strange sight
suddenly attracted
our attention, and
change would take
place in the
atmosphere and
weather. About two
o’clock the mist
cleared away, and we
beheld, stretched
out in every
direction, vast and
irregular plains of
ice, which seemed to
have no end. Some of
my comrades groaned,
and my own mind
began to grow
watchful with
anxious thoughts,
when a strange sight
suddenly attracted
our attention, and
-
:
-
diverted our
solicitude from our
own situation. We
perceived a low
carriage, fixed on a
sledge and drawn by
dogs, pass on
towards the north,
at the distance of
half a mile: a being
which had the shape
of a man, but
apparently of
diverted our
solicitude from our
own situation. We
perceived a low
carriage, fixed on a
sledge and drawn by
dogs, pass on
towards the north,
at the distance of
half a mile: a being
which had the shape
of a man, but
apparently of
diverted our
solicitude from our
own situation. We
perceived a low
carriage, fixed on a
sledge and drawn by
dogs, pass on
towards the north,
at the distance of
half a mile: a being
which had the shape
of a man, but
apparently of
gigantic
gi- gantic
gigantic
stature, sat in the
sledge, and guided
the dogs. We watched
the rapid progress
of the traveller
with our
stature, sat in the
sledge, and guided
the dogs. We watched
the rapid progress
of the traveller
with our
stature, sat in the
sledge, and guided
the dogs. We watched
the rapid progress
of the traveller
with our
telescopes
te- lescopes
telescopes
, until he was lost
among the distant
inequalities of the
ice
, until he was lost
among the distant
inequalities of the
ice
, until he was lost
among the distant
inequalities of the
ice
.
.
.
This appearance
excited our
This appearance
excited our
This appearance
excited our
unqualified
unqua- lified
unqualified
wonder. We were, as
we believed, many
hundred miles from
any land; but this
apparition seemed to
denote that it was
not, in reality, so
wonder. We were, as
we believed, many
hundred miles from
any land; but this
apparition seemed to
denote that it was
not, in reality, so
wonder. We were, as
we believed, many
hundred miles from
any land; but this
apparition seemed to
denote that it was
not, in reality, so
-
.
-
distant as we had
supposed. Shut in,
however, by ice, it
was impossible to
follow his track,
which we had
observed with the
greatest attention.
About
distant as we had
supposed. Shut in,
however, by ice, it
was impossible to
follow his track,
which we had
observed with the
greatest attention.
About
distant as we had
supposed. Shut in,
however, by ice, it
was impossible to
follow his track,
which we had
observed with the
greatest attention.
About
-
.
-
two hours after this
two hours after this
two hours after this
occurrence
occur- rence
occurrence
, we heard the
ground sea; and
before night the ice
broke, and freed our
ship. We, however,
, we heard the
ground sea; and
before night the ice
broke, and freed our
ship. We, however,
, we heard the
ground sea; and
before night the ice
broke, and freed our
ship. We, however,
lay
Jay
lay
to until the
morning, fearing to
encounter in the
dark those large
loose masses which
float about after
the breaking up of
the ice. I profited
of this time to rest
for a few hours. In
the morning,
however, as soon as
it was light, I went
upon
to until the
morning, fearing to
encounter in the
dark those large
loose masses which
float about after
the breaking up of
the ice. I profited
of this time to rest
for a few hours. In
the morning,
however, as soon as
it was light, I went
upon
to until the
morning, fearing to
encounter in the
dark those large
loose masses which
float about after
the breaking up of
the ice. I profited
of this time to rest
for a few hours. In
the morning,
however, as soon as
it was light, I went
upon
the
-
the
deck, and found all
the sailors busy on
one side
deck, and found all
the sailors busy on
one side
deck, and found all
the sailors busy on
one side
-
-
of the vessel,
apparently talking
to some one in the
sea. It was, in
fact, a sledge, like
that we had seen
before, which had
drifted towards us
in the night, on a
large fragment of
ice. Only one dog
remained alive; but
there was a human
being within it,
whom the sailors
were persuading to
enter the vessel. He
was not, as the
other traveller
seemed to be, a
savage inhabitant of
some undiscovered
island, but an
European. When I
of the vessel,
apparently talking
to some one in the
sea. It was, in
fact, a sledge, like
that we had seen
before, which had
drifted towards us
in the night, on a
large fragment of
ice. Only one dog
remained alive; but
there was a human
being within it,
whom the sailors
were persuading to
enter the vessel. He
was not, as the
other traveller
seemed to be, a
savage inhabitant of
some undiscovered
island, but an
European. When I
of the vessel,
apparently talking
to some one in the
sea. It was, in
fact, a sledge, like
that we had seen
before, which had
drifted towards us
in the night, on a
large fragment of
ice. Only one dog
remained alive; but
there was a human
being within it,
whom the sailors
were persuading to
enter the vessel. He
was not, as the
other traveller
seemed to be, a
savage inhabitant of
some undiscovered
island, but an
European. When I
appeared
ap- peared
appeared
on deck, the master
said, “Here is our
captain, and he will
not allow you to
perish on the open
sea
on deck, the master
said, “ Here is our
captain, and he will
not allow you to
perish on the open
sea
on deck, the master
said, “Here is our
captain, and he will
not allow you to
perish on the open
sea
.”
/’
.”
On perceiving me,
the stranger
On perceiving me,
the stranger
On perceiving me,
the stranger
addressed
ad- dressed
addressed
me in English,
although with a
foreign accent.
“Before I come on
board your vessel,”
said he, “will you
have the kindness to
inform me whither
you are bound?” You
may conceive my
astonishment
me in English,
although with a
foreign accent. “
Before I come on
board your vessel,”
said he, “will you
have the kindness to
inform me whither
you are bound ?”
You may conceive my
astonishment
me in English,
although with a
foreign accent.
“Before I come on
board your vessel,”
said he, “will you
have the kindness to
inform me whither
you are bound?” You
may conceive my
astonishment
-
-
on hearing such a
question addressed
to me from a man on
the brink of
on hearing such a
question addressed
to me from a man on
the brink of
on hearing such a
question addressed
to me from a man on
the brink of
destruction
de- struction
destruction
, and to whom I
should have supposed
that my vessel would
have been a resource
which he would not
have exchanged for
the most precious
wealth the earth can
afford. I replied,
however, that we
were on a voyage of
discovery towards
the northern pole.
Upon hearing this he
appeared
, and to whom I
should have supposed
that my vessel would
have been a resource
which he would not
have exchanged for
the most precious
wealth the earth can
afford. I replied,
however, that we
were on a voyage of
discovery towards
the northern pole.
Upon hearing this he
appeared
, and to whom I
should have supposed
that my vessel would
have been a resource
which he would not
have exchanged for
the most precious
wealth the earth can
afford. I replied,
however, that we
were on a voyage of
discovery towards
the northern pole.
Upon hearing this he
appeared
satisfied
satis- fied
satisfied
, and consented to
come on board. Good
God! Margaret, if
you had seen the man
who thus capitulated
for his safety
, and consented to
come on board. Good
God! Margaret, if
you had seen the man
who thus capitulated
for his safety
, and consented to
come on board. Good
God! Margaret, if
you had seen the man
who thus capitulated
for his safety
,
*
,
your surprise would
have been boundless.
His limbs were
nearly frozen, and
his body dreadfully
emaciated by fatigue
and suffering
your surprise would
have been boundless.
His limbs were
nearly frozen, and
his body dreadfully
emaciated by fatigue
and suffering
your surprise would
have been boundless.
His limbs were
nearly frozen, and
his body dreadfully
emaciated by fatigue
and suffering
.
,
.
I never saw a man in
so wretched a
condition. We
attempted to carry
him into the cabin;
I never saw a man in
so wretched a
condition. We
attempted to carry
him into the cabin;
I never saw a man in
so wretched a
condition. We
attempted to carry
him into the cabin;
but
b«t
but
as soon as he had
quitted the fresh
air, he fainted. We
accordingly
as soon as he had
quitted the fresh
air, he fainted. We
accordingly
as soon as he had
quitted the fresh
air, he fainted. We
accordingly
-
-
brought him back to
the deck, and
restored him to
animation by rubbing
him with brandy, and
forcing him to
swallow
brought him back to
the deck, and
restored him to
animation by rubbing
him with brandy, and
forcing him to
swallow
brought him back to
the deck, and
restored him to
animation by rubbing
him with brandy, and
forcing him to
swallow
-
,
-
a small quantity. As
soon as he
a small quantity. As
soon as he
a small quantity. As
soon as he
shewed
showed
showed
signs of life
signs of life
signs of life
,
-
,
we wrapped him up in
blankets, and placed
him near the
we wrapped him up in
blankets, and placed
him near the
we wrapped him up in
blankets, and placed
him near the
chimney
chim- ney
chimney
of the kitchen
of the kitchen
of the kitchen
-
-
-
stove. By slow
stove. By slow
stove. By slow
degrees
de- grees
degrees
he recovered, and
ate a little soup,
which restored him
wonderfully. Two
days passed in this
manner
he recovered, and
ate a little soup,
which restored him
wonderfully. Two
days passed in this
manner
he recovered, and
ate a little soup,
which restored him
wonderfully. Two
days passed in this
manner
before
be- fore
before
he was
he was
he was
able
abl6
able
to speak; and I
often feared that
his
to speak; and I
often feared that
his
to speak; and I
often feared that
his
sufferings
sufferings
suffering
had
hs*d
had
deprived him
deprived him
deprived him
-
*
-
of understanding
of understanding
of understanding
.
. ;
.
When
When
When
-
,
-
he had in some
measure recovered, I
removed him to my
own cabin, and
attended on him as
much as my duty
would permit. I
never saw a more
interesting creature
he had in some
measure recovered, I
removed him to my
own cabin, and
attended on him as
much as my duty
would permit. I
never saw a more
interesting creature
he had in some
measure recovered, I
removed him to my
own cabin, and
attended on him as
much as my duty
would permit. I
never saw a more
interesting creature
:
,
:
his eyes have
generally an
expression of
his eyes have
generally an
expression of
his eyes have
generally an
expression of
-
'
-
wildness, and even
madness; but there
are moments when, if
any one performs an
act of kindness
wildness, and even
madness; but there
are moments when, if
any one performs an
act of kindness
wildness, and even
madness; but there
are moments when, if
any one performs an
act of kindness
-
-
towards him, or does
him any the most
trifling service,
his whole
countenance is
lighted up, as it
were, with a beam of
benevolence and
towards him, or does
him any the most
trifling service,
his whole
countenance is
lighted up, as it
were, with a beam of
benevolence and
towards him, or does
him any the most
trifling service,
his whole
countenance is
lighted up, as it
were, with a beam of
benevolence and
sweetness
sweetnfess
sweetness
that I never saw
equalled
that I never saw
equalled
that I never saw
equalled
.
. '
.
But
But
But
he
be
he
is generally
melancholy and
despairing; and
sometimes he gnashes
his
is generally
melancholy and
despairing; and
sometimes he gnashes
his
is generally
melancholy and
despairing; and
sometimes he gnashes
his
-
;
-
teeth, as if
impatient of the
weight of woes that
oppresses him. When
my guest was a
little recovered, I
had great trouble to
keep off the men,
who wished to ask
him a thousand
questions; but I
would not allow him
to be tormented by
their idle
curiosity,
teeth, as if
impatient of the
weight of woes that
oppresses him. When
my guest was a
little recovered, I
had great trouble to
keep off the men,
who wished to ask
him a thousand
questions; but I
would not allow him
to be tormented by
their idle
curiosity,
teeth, as if
impatient of the
weight of woes that
oppresses him. When
my guest was a
little recovered, I
had great trouble to
keep off the men,
who wished to ask
him a thousand
questions; but I
would not allow him
to be tormented by
their idle
curiosity,
in
-
in
a state of body and
mind whose
restoration
evidently depended
upon
a state of body and
mind whose
restoration
evidently depended
upon
a state of body and
mind whose
restoration
evidently depended
upon
entire
en- tire
entire
repose. Once,
however, the
repose. Once,
however, the
repose. Once,
however, the
lieutenant
lieu- tenant
lieutenant
asked, Why he had
come
asked, Why he had
come
asked, Why he had
come
so far
so5 fer
so far
upon the ice in so
strange a
upon the ice in so
strange a
upon the ice in so
strange a
vehicle
ve-hicle
vehicle
? His countenance
instantly assumed an
aspect of the
deepest gloom; and
he
? His countenance
instantly assumed an
aspect of the
deepest gloom ; and
he
? His countenance
instantly assumed an
aspect of the
deepest gloom; and
he
-
-
replied, “To seek
one who fled from
me.” “And did the
man whom you
replied, “To seek
one who fled from
me.” “ And did the
man whom you
replied, “To seek
one who fled from
me.” “And did the
man whom you
pursued
pur- sued
pursued
travel in the same
fashion?” “Yes.”
“Then I fancy we
have seen him; for,
the day before we
picked you up, we
saw some dogs
drawing a sledge,
with a man in it,
across the ice.”
This aroused the
stranger’s
attention; and he
asked a multitude of
questions concerning
the route which the
travel in the same
fashion ?” “ Yes.”
“ Then I fancy we
have seen him; for,
the day before we
picked you up, we
saw some dogs
drawing a sledge,
with a man in it,
across the ice.”
This aroused the
stranger’s
attention; and he
asked a multitude of
questions concerning
the route which the
travel in the same
fashion?” “Yes.”
“Then I fancy we
have seen him; for,
the day before we
picked you up, we
saw some dogs
drawing a sledge,
with a man in it,
across the ice.”
This aroused the
stranger’s
attention; and he
asked a multitude of
questions concerning
the route which the
dæmon
daemon
dæmon
, as he called him,
had pursued. Soon
after, when he was
alone with me, he
said
, as he called him,
had pursued. Soon
after, when he was
alone with me, he
said
, as he called him,
had pursued. Soon
after, when he was
alone with me, he
said
, “
,.“
, — “
I have, doubtless,
excited your
curiosity, as well
as that of these
good people; but you
are too considerate
to make inquiries.”
“Certainly; it would
indeed be very
impertinent and
inhuman in me to
trouble you with any
inquisitiveness of
mine
I have, doubtless,
excited your
curiosity, as well
as that of these
good people; but you
are too considerate
to make inquiries.”
“ Certainly; it
would indeed be very
impertinent and
inhuman in me to
trouble you with any
inquisitiveness of
mine
I have, doubtless,
excited your
curiosity, as well
as that of these
good people; but you
are too considerate
to make inquiries.”
“Certainly; it would
indeed be very
impertinent and
inhuman in me to
trouble you with any
inquisitiveness of
mine
.”
.” “
.” “
And yet you rescued
me from a strange
and perilous
situation; you have
benevolently
restored me to
life.” Soon after
this he inquired
And yet you rescued
me from a strange
and perilous
situation; you have
benevolently
restored me to
life.” Soon after
this he inquired
And yet you rescued
me from a strange
and perilous
situation; you have
benevolently
restored me to
life.” Soon after
this he inquired
,
-
,
if I thought that
the breaking up of
the ice had
if I thought that
the breaking up of
the ice had
if I thought that
the breaking up of
the ice had
destroyed
de^ stroyed
destroyed
the other sledge? I
replied, that I
could not answer
with any degree of
certainty; for the
ice had not broken
until near midnight
the other sledge ? I
replied, that I
could not answer
with any degree of
certainty; for the
ice had not broken
until near midnight
the other sledge? I
replied, that I
could not answer
with any degree of
certainty; for the
ice had not broken
until near midnight
,
,,
,
and the traveller
might have arrived
at a place of safety
before that time
and the traveller
might have arrived
at a place of safety
before that time
and the traveller
might have arrived
at a place of safety
before that time
;
.;
;
but of this I could
not judge. From
this time
but of this I could
not judge. From
this time
but of this I could
not judge. From
this time
-
-
the a new spirit of
life animated the
decaying frame of
the stranger
the stranger
the stranger
seemed very eager
seemed very eager
. He manifested the
greatest eagerness
to be upon deck, to
watch for the sledge
which had before
appeared; but I have
persuaded him to
remain in the cabin,
for he is far too
weak to sustain the
rawness of the
atmosphere.
to be upon deck, to
watch for the sledge
which had before
appeared; but I have
persuaded him to
remain in the cabin,
for he is far too
weak to sustain the
rawness of the
atmosphere.
to be upon deck, to
watch for the sledge
which had before
appeared; but I have
persuaded him to
remain in the cabin,
for he is far too
weak to sustain the
rawness of the
atmosphere.
But
But
-
I have promised that
some one should
watch for him, and
give him instant
notice if any new
object should appear
in sight
I have promised that
some one should
watch for him, and
give him instant
notice if any new
object should appear
in sight
I have promised that
some one should
watch for him, and
give him instant
notice if any new
object should appear
in sight
.
.
.
Such is my journal
of what relates to
this strange
occurrence up to the
present day. The
stranger has
Such is my journal
of what relates to
this strange
occurrence up to the
present day. The
stranger has
Such is my journal
of what relates to
this strange
occurrence up to the
present day. The
stranger has
gradually
gradu- ally
gradually
improved in health,
but is very silent,
and appears uneasy
when any one except
myself enters his
cabin. Yet his
manners are so
conciliating and
gentle, that the
sailors are all
interested in him,
although they have
had very little
communication with
him. For my own
part, I begin to
love him as a
brother; and his
constant and deep
grief fills me with
sympathy and
improved in health,
but is very silent,
and appears uneasy
when any one except
myself enters his
cabin. Yet his
manners are so
conciliating and
gentle, that the
sailors are all
interested in him,
although they have
had very little
communication with
him. For my own
part, I begin to
love him as a
brother; and his
constant and deep
grief fills me with
sympathy and
improved in health,
but is very silent,
and appears uneasy
when any one except
myself enters his
cabin. Yet his
manners are so
conciliating and
gentle, that the
sailors are all
interested in him,
although they have
had very little
communication with
him. For my own
part, I begin to
love him as a
brother; and his
constant and deep
grief fills me with
sympathy and
compassion.
com- passion,
compassion.
He must have been a
noble creature in
his better days,
being even now in
wreck so attractive
and
He must have been a
noble creature in
his better days,
being even now in
wreck so attractive
and
He must have been a
noble creature in
his better days,
being even now in
wreck so attractive
and
amiable
ami- able
amiable
. I said in one of
my letters, my dear
Margaret, that I
should find no
friend on the wide
ocean; yet I have
found a man who,
before his spirit
had been broken by
misery, I should
have been
. I said in one of
my letters, my dear
Margaret, that I
should find no
friend on the wide
ocean; yet I have
found a man who,
before his spirit
had been broken by
misery, I should
have been
. I said in one of
my letters, my dear
Margaret, that I
should find no
friend on the wide
ocean; yet I have
found a man who,
before his spirit
had been broken by
misery, I should
have been
-
-
happy to have
possessed as the
brother of my heart.
I shall continue my
journal
happy to have
possessed as the
brother of my heart.
I shall continue my
journal
happy to have
possessed as the
brother of my heart.
I shall continue my
journal
concerning
concern- ing
concerning
the stranger at
intervals, should I
have any fresh
incidents to record.
August 13th, 17
the stranger at
intervals, should I
have any fresh
incidents to record.
August 13th, 17
the stranger at
intervals, should I
have any fresh
incidents to record.
August 13th, 17
—.
-—
—.
My affection for my
guest increases
My affection for my
guest increases
My affection for my
guest increases
every day
everyday
every day
. He excites at once
my
. He excites at once
my
. He excites at once
my
admiration
ad- - miration
admiration
and my pity to an
astonishing degree.
How can I see so
noble a
and my pity to an
astonishing degree.
How can I see so
noble a
and my pity to an
astonishing degree.
How can I see so
noble a
creature
crea- ture
creature
destroyed by misery
without feeling the
most poignant grief?
He is so gentle, yet
so wise; his mind is
so
destroyed by misery
without feeling the
most poignant grief?
He is so gentle, yet
so wise; his mind is
so
destroyed by misery
without feeling the
most poignant grief?
He is so gentle, yet
so wise; his mind is
so
cultivated
culti- vated
cultivated
; and when he
speaks, although his
words are culled
with the choicest
art, yet they flow
with rapidity and
; and when he
speaks, although his
words are culled
with the choicest
art, yet they flow
with rapidity and
; and when he
speaks, although his
words are culled
with the choicest
art, yet they flow
with rapidity and
unparalleled
un- paralleled
unparalleled
eloquence
eloquence
eloquence
.
. -
.
He is now much
recovered from his
illness, and is
continually on the
deck, apparently
watching for the
sledge that preceded
his own. Yet,
although
He is now much
recovered from his
illness, and is
continually on the
deck, apparently
watching for the
sledge that preceded
his own. Yet,
although
He is now much
recovered from his
illness, and is
continually on the
deck, apparently
watching for the
sledge that preceded
his own. Yet,
although
unhappy
un- happy
unhappy
,
,
,
he is not so utterly
occupied by his own
misery, but that he
interests himself
deeply in the
he is not so utterly
occupied by his own
misery, but that he
interests himself
deeply in the
he is not so utterly
occupied by his own
misery, but that he
interests himself
deeply in the
employments
employments
projects
of others. He has
of others. He has
of others. He has
asked me many
asked me many
frequently conversed
with me on mine,
which
questions
ques- tions
-
concerning my
design; and
concerning my
design; and
-
I have
I have
I have
related my little
history frankly
related my little
history frankly
communicated
to him
to him
to him
-
-
without disguise
. He
. He
. He
appeared pleased
with the confidence
appeared pleased
with the confidence
entered attentively
into all my
arguments in favour
of my eventual
success
, and
, and
, and
suggested several
alterations in my
plan, which
suggested several
alterations in my
plan, which
into every minute
detail of the
measures
I
I
I
shall find
exceedingly useful
shall find
exceedingly useful
had taken to secure
it
.
.
.
There is no pedantry
in his manner; but
all
There is no pedantry
in his manner; but
all
I was easily led by
the sympathy which
he
he
he
does appears
does appears
evinced,
to
to
to
spring solely from
the interest he
instinctively takes
in
spring solely from
the interest he
instinctively takes
in
use the language of
my heart; to give
utterance to
the
the
the
welfare
welfare
burning ardour
of
of
of
those who surround
him. He is often
overcome by gloom
those who surround
him. He is often
overcome by gloom
my soul; and to say,
with all the fervour
that warmed me
,
,
,
and then he sits by
himself
and then he sits by
himself
how gladly I would
sacrifice my
fortune, my
existence
,
,
,
and tries
and tries
my every hope,
to
to
to
overcome all that is
sullen
overcome all that is
sullen
the furtherance of
my enterprise. One
man’s life
or
or
or
unsocial in his
humour. These
paroxysms pass from
him like a cloud
from before
unsocial in his
humour. These
paroxysms pass from
him like a cloud
from before
death were but a
small price to pay
for the acquirement
of the knowledge
which I sought; for
the dominion I
should acquire and
transmit over
the
the
the
sun
sun
elemental foes of
our race. As I spoke
,
,
,
though his dejection
never leaves him
though his dejection
never leaves him
a dark gloom spread
over my listener’s
countenance
.
;
.
-
-
At first
I
I
I
have endeavoured
have endeavoured
perceived that he
tried
to
to
to
win
win
suppress his
emotion; he placed
his
his
his
confidence
con- fidence
hands before his
eyes
;
;
;
-
-
and my voice
quivered
and
and
and
-
-
failed me, as
I
I
I
trust that
trust that
beheld tears trickle
fast from between
his fingers, — a
groan burst from his
heaving breast.
I
I
I
have
have
paused; — at length
he spoke, in broken
accents: — “Unhappy
man! Do you share my
madness? Have you
drank also
succeeded.
sue- ceeded.
-
One day I mentioned
to him the desire I
had always felt
One day I mentioned
to him the desire I
had always felt
-
of
of
of
finding a friend who
might
finding a friend who
might
the intoxicating
draught? Hear me, —
let
sympathize
sympathise
-
with
with
-
me
me
me
-
-
reveal my tale
, and
, and
, and
direct me by his
counsel. I said
direct me by his
counsel. I said
you will dash the
cup from your lips!”
Such words, you may
imagine
,
,
,
I did not belong to
I did not belong to
strongly excited my
curiosity; but the
paroxysm of grief
that
that
that
class
class
had seized the
stranger overcame
his weakened powers,
and many hours
of
of
of
men who are offended
by advice. “I am
self-educated
men who are offended
by advice. “ I am
self-educated
repose and tranquil
conversation were
necessary to restore
his composure.
Having conquered the
violence of his
feelings
,
,
,
-
-
he appeared to
despise himself for
being the slave of
passion;
and
and
and
perhaps I hardly
rely sufficiently
upon
perhaps I hardly
rely sufficiently
upon
quelling the dark
tyranny of despair,
he led me again to
converse concerning
myself personally.
He asked me the
history of
my
my
my
own powers
own powers
earlier years. The
tale was quickly
told: but it
awakened various
trains of reflection
. I
. I
. I
wish
wish
spoke of my desire
of finding a friend
— of
-
,
-
therefore
therefore
-
-
,
-
that
that
-
my
my
my
companion should be
wiser and more
experienced
companion should be
wiser and more
experienced
thirst for a more
intimate sympathy
with a fellow mind
than
than
than
myself,
myself,
had ever fallen
to
to
to
confirm
confirm
my lot;
and
and
and
support me; nor have
I believed it
impossible to find a
true friend
support me; nor have
I believed it
impossible to find a
true friend
expressed my
conviction that a
man could boast of
little happiness,
who did not enjoy
this blessing. “
.” “
.” • “
-
I agree with you,”
replied the stranger
I agree with you,”
replied the stranger
I agree with you,”
replied the stranger
, “in believing that
friendship is not
only a desirable
, “ in believing
that friendship is
not only a desirable
; “we are
unfashioned
creatures, but half
made up, if one
wiser, better
,
,
,
but
but
dearer than
ourselves — such
a
a
a
possible acquisition
possible acquisition
friend ought to be —
do not lend his aid
to perfectionate our
weak and faulty
natures
. I once had a
friend, the most
noble of human
creatures, and am
entitled, therefore,
to judge
. I once had a
friend, the most
noble of human
creatures, and am
entitled, therefore,
to judge
. I once had a
friend, the most
noble of human
creatures, and am
entitled, therefore,
to judge
respecting
respect- ing
respecting
friendship. You have
hope, and the world
before you, and have
no cause for
despair. But I
friendship. You have
hope, and the world
before you, and have
no cause for
despair. But I
friendship. You have
hope, and the world
before you, and have
no cause for
despair. But I
—I
--------------1
— I
have lost
have lost
have lost
-
-
every thing, and
cannot begin life
anew
every thing, and
cannot begin life
anew
every thing, and
cannot begin life
anew
.”
.” ■
.”
As he said this, his
countenance
As he said this, his
countenance
As he said this, his
countenance
became
be- came
became
expressive of a calm
settled grief, that
touched me to the
heart. But he was
silent, and
presently retired to
his cabin. Even
broken in spirit as
he is, no one can
feel more deeply
than he does the
beauties of nature.
The starry sky, the
sea, and every sight
afforded by these
wonderful regions,
seems still to have
the power of
elevating his soul
from earth. Such a
man has a double
existence: he may
suffer misery, and
be overwhelmed by
disappointments; yet
expressive of a calm
settled grief, that
touched me to the
heart. But he was
silent, and
presently retired to
his cabin. Even
broken in spirit as
he is, no one can
feel more deeply
than he does the
beauties of nature.
The starry sky, the
sea, and every sight
afforded by these
wonderful regions,
seems still to have
the power of
elevating his soul
from earth. Such a
man has a double
existence: he may
suffer misery, and
be overwhelmed by
disappointments; yet
expressive of a calm
settled grief, that
touched me to the
heart. But he was
silent, and
presently retired to
his cabin. Even
broken in spirit as
he is, no one can
feel more deeply
than he does the
beauties of nature.
The starry sky, the
sea, and every sight
afforded by these
wonderful regions,
seems still to have
the power of
elevating his soul
from earth. Such a
man has a double
existence: he may
suffer misery, and
be overwhelmed by
disappointments; yet
-
,
,
when he has retired
into himself, he
will be like a
celestial spirit,
that has a halo
around him, within
whose circle no
grief or folly
ventures. Will you
when he has retired
into himself, he
will be like a
celestial spirit,
that has a halo
around him, within
whose circle no
grief or folly
ventures. Will you
when he has retired
into himself, he
will be like a
celestial spirit,
that has a halo
around him, within
whose circle no
grief or folly
ventures. Will you
laugh
laugh
smile
at the enthusiasm I
express
at the enthusiasm I
express
at the enthusiasm I
express
-
.
-
concerning this
divine
concerning this
divine
concerning this
divine
wanderer
wan- derer ? '
wanderer
?
-
? You would not, if
If
If
-
you
you
you
do, you must
do, you must
saw him. You
have
have
have
certainly
cer- tainly
been tutored and
refined by books and
retirement from the
world, and you are,
therefore
lost
lost
-
-
.
-
that simplicity
which was once your
characteristic
charm. Yet
that simplicity
which was once your
characteristic
charm. Yet
-
,
,
,
if
if
somewhat fastidious;
but this only
renders
you
you
you
will, smile at
will, smile at
the more fit to
appreciate
the
the
the
warmth
warmth
extraordinary merits
of
of
of
my expressions
my expressions
this wonderful man.
Sometimes I have
endeavoured to
discover what
quality it is which
he possesses
,
,
,
while
while
that elevates him so
immeasurably above
any other person I
ever knew.
I
I
I
find every
find every
believe it to be an
intuitive
discernment; a quick
but neverfailing
power of judgment; a
penetration into the
day
dsty
-
new
new
-
causes
eauses
causes
-
-
of things,
unequalled
for
for
for
repeating them
repeating them
clearness and
precision; add to
this a facility of
expression, and a
voice whose varied
intonations are
soul-subduing music
. August
. August
. August
19th
19th
19
, 17—. Yesterday
the stranger said to
me
, 17—. Yesterday
the stranger said to
me
, 17—. Yesterday
the stranger said to
me
, “
, “
, “
You may easily
perceive, Captain
You may easily
perceive, Captain
You may easily
perceive, Captain
-
.
-
Walton, that I have
suffered great and
unparalleled
misfortunes. I had
Walton, that I have
suffered great and
unparalleled
misfortunes. I had
Walton, that I have
suffered great and
unparalleled
misfortunes. I had
determined
deter- mined
determined
, once
, once
, at one time
, that the memory of
these evils should
die with me; but you
have won me to alter
my determination.
You seek for
knowledge and wisdom
, that the memory of
these evils should
die with me; but you
have won me to alter
my determination.
You seek for
knowledge and wisdom
, that the memory of
these evils should
die with me; but you
have won me to alter
my determination.
You seek for
knowledge and wisdom
,
;
,
as I once did; and I
ardently hope that
the gratification of
your wishes may not
be a serpent to
sting you, as mine
has been. I do not
know that the
relation of my
as I once did; and I
ardently hope that
the gratification of
your wishes may not
be a serpent to
sting you, as mine
has been. I do not
know that the
relation of my
as I once did; and I
ardently hope that
the gratification of
your wishes may not
be a serpent to
sting you, as mine
has been. I do not
know that the
relation of my
misfortunes
misfortunes
disasters
will be useful to
you
will be useful to
you
will be useful to
you
,
;
;
yet,
yet,
yet,
if
if
when I reflect that
you are
you are
you are
inclined
inclined
pursuing the same
course, exposing
yourself to the same
dangers which have
rendered me what I
am
,
,
,
listen to
listen to
I imagine that you
may deduce an apt
moral from
my tale
my tale
my tale
-
-
; one that may
direct you if you
succeed in your
undertaking, and
console you in case
of failure
.
.
.
I
I
Prepare to hear of
occurrences which
are usually deemed
marvellous. Were we
among the tamer
scenes
believe
be- lieve
-
that the strange
incidents connected
that the strange
incidents connected
-
-
-
-
with it will afford
a view
with it will afford
a view
-
of nature,
of nature,
of nature,
which may enlarge
which may enlarge
I might fear to
encounter
your
your
your
faculties and
faculties and
unbelief, perhaps
your ridicule; but
many things
understanding
under- standing
-
. You
. You
-
will
will
will
hear of powers
hear of powers
appear possible in
these wild
and
and
and
occurrences
occurrences
mysterious regions
,
,
,
such as you have
been
such as you have
been
which would provoke
the laughter of
those unacquainted
with the ever
accustomed
ac
-
-
-
-
-
customed
varied powers of
nature: — nor can
to believe
impossible: but
to believe
impossible: but
-
I
I
I
do not
do not
-
doubt
doubt
doubt
-
-
but
that my tale conveys
in its series
internal evidence of
the truth of the
events of which it
is composed.” You
may easily
that my tale conveys
in its series
internal evidence of
the truth of the
events of which it
is composed.” You
may easily
that my tale conveys
in its series
internal evidence of
the truth of the
events of which it
is composed.” You
may easily
conceive
conceive
imagine
that I was much
gratified by the
offered
that I was much
gratified by the
offered
that I was much
gratified by the
offered
communication
communi- cation
communication
; yet I could not
endure that he
should renew his
grief by a recital
of his misfortunes.
I felt the greatest
; yet I could not
endure that he
should renew his
grief by a recital
of his misfortunes.
I felt the greatest
; yet I could not
endure that he
should renew his
grief by a recital
of his misfortunes.
I felt the greatest
eagerness
eager- ness
eagerness
to hear the promised
narrative, partly
from curiosity, and
partly from a strong
desire to ameliorate
his fate, if it were
in my power. I
expressed these
feelings in my
answer. “I thank
you,” he replied,
“for
to hear the promised
narrative, partly
from curiosity, and
partly from a strong
desire to ameliorate
his fate, if it were
in my power. I
expressed these
feelings in my
answer. “ I thank
you,” he replied, “
for
to hear the promised
narrative, partly
from curiosity, and
partly from a strong
desire to ameliorate
his fate, if it were
in my power. I
expressed these
feelings in my
answer. “I thank
you,” he replied,
“for
-
-
your sympathy, but
it is useless; my
fate is nearly
fulfilled. I wait
but for one event,
and then I shall
repose in peace. I
understand your
feeling,”
your sympathy, but
it is useless; my
fate is nearly
fulfilled. I wait
but for one event,
and then I shall
repose in peace. I
understand your
feeling,”
your sympathy, but
it is useless; my
fate is nearly
fulfilled. I wait
but for one event,
and then I shall
repose in peace. I
understand your
feeling,”
continued
con- tinued
continued
he, perceiving that
I wished to
interrupt him; “but
you are mistaken, my
friend, if thus you
will allow me to
name you; nothing
can alter my
destiny: listen to
my history, and you
will perceive how
irrevocably it
he, perceiving that
I wished to
interrupt him; “but
you are mistaken, my
friend, if thus you
will allow me to
name you; nothing
can alter my
destiny: listen to
my history, and you
will perceive how
irrevocably it
he, perceiving that
I wished to
interrupt him; “but
you are mistaken, my
friend, if thus you
will allow me to
name you; nothing
can alter my
destiny: listen to
my history, and you
will perceive how
irrevocably it
is determined
-
is determined
.”
de- termined
-
-
.”
.”
He then told me,
that he would
He then told me,
that he would
He then told me,
that he would
commence
com- mence
commence
his narrative the
next day when I
should be at
leisure. This
promise drew from me
the warmest thanks.
I have resolved
every night, when I
am not
his narrative the
next day when I
should be at
leisure. This
promise drew from me
the warmest thanks.
I have resolved
every night, when I
am not
his narrative the
next day when I
should be at
leisure. This
promise drew from me
the warmest thanks.
I have resolved
every night, when I
am not
engaged
engaged
imperatively
occupied by my
duties
, to record, as
nearly as possible
in his own words
, to record, as
nearly as possible
in his own words
, to record, as
nearly as possible
in his own words
,
*
,
what he has related
during the day. If I
should be engaged, I
will at least make
notes. This
manuscript will
doubtless afford
what he has related
during the day. If I
should be engaged, I
will at least make
notes. This
manuscript will
doubtless afford
what he has related
during the day. If I
should be engaged, I
will at least make
notes. This
manuscript will
doubtless afford
you
von
you
the greatest
pleasure: but to me
the greatest
pleasure: but to me
the greatest
pleasure: but to me
,
,
,
who know him, and
who hear it from his
own lips, with what
interest and
sympathy shall I
read it in some
future day
who know him, and
who hear it from his
own lips, with what
interest and
sympathy shall I
read it in some
future day
who know him, and
who hear it from his
own lips, with what
interest and
sympathy shall I
read it in some
future day
!
!
!
-
-
Even now, as I
commence my task,
his full-toned voice
swells in my ears;
his lustrous eyes
dwell on me with all
their melancholy
sweetness; I see his
thin hand raised in
animation, while the
lineaments of his
face are irradiated
by the soul within.
Strange and
harrowing must be
his story; frightful
the storm which
embraced the gallant
vessel on its
course, and wrecked
it — thus!
In [2]:
from collatex import *
collation = Collation()
with \
open('1818_openingLetters.txt','r') as f1818, \
open('1823_openingLetters.txt','r') as f1823, \
open('1831_openingLetters.txt','r') as f1831:
w1818=f1818.read()
w1823=f1823.read()
w1831=f1831.read()
collation.add_plain_witness('w1818', w1818)
collation.add_plain_witness('w1823', w1823)
collation.add_plain_witness('w1831', w1831)
# outputs colored HTML in Jupyter notebook
# collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='html2', layout='vertical')
# creates SVG in Jupyter notebook (try also svg2)
collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='svg')
# outputs TEI into a file called collation.xml
# tei = collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='tei')
# with \
# open('collation.xml', 'w') as output
# output.write(tei)
Warning: graph has 1155 nodes...layout may take a long time.
/Users/ebb8/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pygraphviz-1.4rc1-py3.6-macosx-10.7-x86_64.egg/pygraphviz/agraph.py:1334: RuntimeWarning: Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>Peters- burgh ...
in label of node 766
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ,
< pb n=" 10013"/> ...
in label of node 20
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10014"/> ...
in label of node 39
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>and in beauty every region hitherto ...
in label of node 40
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>with the joy a child feels when he embarks ...
in label of node 75
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10015"/> ...
in label of node 76
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>eye. This expedition has been the favourite dream of ...
in label of node 90
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10016"/> ...
in label of node 92
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ,
< pb n=" 10017"/> ...
in label of node 111
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>, ...
in label of node 812
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>harder than the common sailors during the day, and devoted my ...
in label of node 127
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10018"/> ...
in label of node 128
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ,
< pb n=" 10019"/> ...
in label of node 147
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>, ...
in label of node 833
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... .
< pb n=" 10020"/> ...
in label of node 166
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>. ...
in label of node 839
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>Walton.
...
in label of node 851
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ].
< pb n=" 10021"/> ...
in label of node 191
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>to be men on whom I can depend, and are certainly possessed of dauntless courage.
But I have one want which I have never yet been able to satisfy ; and ...
in label of node 209
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10022"/> ...
in label of node 212
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>well as of a capacious mind, whose tastes are like my own, to approve or amend my plans. How would such a friend repair the faults of your poor brother! I am too ardent in execution, and too impatient of difficulties ...
in label of node 223
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... .
< pb n=" 10023"/> ...
in label of node 224
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10024"/> ...
in label of node 243
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>i ...
in label of node 872
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10025"/> ...
in label of node 254
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>mild- ness ...
in label of node 877
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10026"/> ...
in label of node 297
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>already bought a farm with his money, on which he had designed ...
in label of node 298
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10027"/> ...
in label of node 326
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>may never know, that I am wavering in my resolutions. Those are as fixed as fate; and my voyage is only now delayed until the weather shall permit ...
in label of node 327
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10028"/> ...
in label of node 347
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>. Shall I meet you again, after having traversed immense seas, and returned by the most southern cape of Africa or America? I dare not expect such ...
in label of node 353
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>Robert Walton.
...
in label of node 907
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ].
< pb n=" 10029"/> ...
in label of node 364
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>indi- eating ...
in label of node 913
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10030"/> ...
in label of node 384
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... .
< pb n=" 10031"/> ...
in label of node 400
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>. -- ---------------------- 7---, ...
in label of node 919
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... .
< pb n=" 10032"/> ...
in label of node 412
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>.
...
in label of node 921
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10033"/> ...
in label of node 426
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>change would take place in the atmosphere and weather.
About two o’clock the mist cleared away, and we beheld, stretched out in every direction, vast and irregular plains of ice, which seemed to have no end. Some of my comrades groaned, and my own mind began to grow watchful with anxious thoughts, when a strange sight suddenly attracted our attention, and ...
in label of node 427
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... .
< pb n=" 10034"/> ...
in label of node 433
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>. ...
in label of node 927
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10035"/> ...
in label of node 445
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>of the vessel, apparently talking to some one in the sea. It was, in fact, a sledge, like that we had seen before, which had drifted towards us in the night, on a large fragment of ice. Only one dog remained alive; but there was a human being within it, whom the sailors were persuading to enter the vessel. He was not, as the other traveller seemed to be, a savage inhabitant of some undiscovered island, but an European. When I ...
in label of node 446
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>me in English, although with a foreign accent. “ Before I come on board your vessel,” said he, “will you have the kindness to inform me whither you are bound ?”
You may conceive my astonishment ...
in label of node 452
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10036"/> ...
in label of node 453
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10037"/> ...
in label of node 465
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>brought him back to the deck, and restored him to animation by rubbing him with brandy, and forcing him to swallow ...
in label of node 466
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10038"/> ...
in label of node 492
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>towards him, or does him any the most trifling service, his whole countenance is lighted up, as it were, with a beam of benevolence and ...
in label of node 493
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>?
His countenance instantly assumed an aspect of the deepest gloom ; and he ...
in label of node 510
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10039"/> ...
in label of node 511
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... .”
< pb n=" 10040"/> ...
in label of node 519
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>.” “ ...
in label of node 964
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... .
< pb n=" 10041"/> ...
in label of node 534
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>. ...
in label of node 968
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 9
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>.
I said in one of my letters, my dear Margaret, that I should find no friend on the wide ocean; yet I have found a man who, before his spirit had been broken by misery, I should have been ...
in label of node 541
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10042"/> ...
in label of node 542
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>un- happy ...
in label of node 980
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ,
< pb n=" 10043"/> ...
in label of node 561
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... succeeded.
< pb n=" 10044"/> ...
in label of node 612
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>sue- ceeded. ...
in label of node 985
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>have lost ...
in label of node 655
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10045"/> ...
in label of node 656
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>wan- derer ? ' ...
in label of node 996
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ?
< pb n=" 10046"/> ...
in label of node 667
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>if ...
in label of node 707
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ,
< pb n=" 10047"/> ...
in label of node 710
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 5
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>to hear the promised narrative, partly from curiosity, and partly from a strong desire to ameliorate his fate, if it were in my power. I expressed these feelings in my answer.
“ I thank you,” he replied, “ for ...
in label of node 741
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <B>< pb n=" 10048"/> ...
in label of node 742
Warning: Unclosed comment
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... .” <!-- rm: this close quote</B></TD><TD ALIGN='LEFT'>exact: 806</TD></TR><TR><TD ALIGN='LEFT'><FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>.” <!--rm: this close quote </FONT></TD><TD ALIGN='LEFT'>w1818</TD></TR></TABLE>> ...
in label of node 747
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... ,
< pb n=" 10049"/> ...
in label of node 759
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>, ...
in label of node 1021
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 3
... !
< pb n=" 10050"/> ...
in label of node 761
Error: not well-formed (invalid token) in line 1
... <FONT FACE='Bukyvede'>! ...
in label of node 1022
warnings.warn(b"".join(errors).decode(self.encoding), RuntimeWarning)
In [3]:
%load_ext autoreload
%autoreload 2
from collatex import *
collation = Collation()
collation.add_plain_witness('w1818', 'The big pink c o c k a t o o.')
collation.add_plain_witness('w1823', 'The big yellow c o c k a t o o.')
collation.add_plain_witness('w1831', 'The big yellow c o c k a t i e l.')
collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='svg_simple')
# collate(collation, segmentation=True, output='svg')
In [4]:
from collatex import *
import re
def tokenize(input):
words = re.split(r'\s+', input) # split on whitespace
tokens_by_word = [re.findall(r'.+\w|\W+$', word) for word in words] # break off final punctuation
tokens = []
for item in tokens_by_word:
tokens.extend(item)
token_list = [{"t": token} for token in tokens] # create dictionaries for each token
return token_list
input_a = "Peter's cat."
input_b = "Peter's dog."
tokens_a = tokenize(input_a)
print('tokens_a =', tokens_a)
tokens_b = tokenize(input_b)
print('tokens_b =', tokens_b)
witness_a = { "id": "A", "tokens": tokens_a }
print('witness_a = ', witness_a)
witness_b = { "id": "B", "tokens": tokens_b }
input = { "witnesses": [ witness_a, witness_b ] }
table = collate(input, segmentation=False)
print(table)
tokens_a = [{'t': "Peter's"}, {'t': 'cat'}, {'t': '.'}]
tokens_b = [{'t': "Peter's"}, {'t': 'dog'}, {'t': '.'}]
witness_a = {'id': 'A', 'tokens': [{'t': "Peter's"}, {'t': 'cat'}, {'t': '.'}]}
+---+---------+-----+---+
| A | Peter's | cat | . |
| B | Peter's | dog | . |
+---+---------+-----+---+
In [5]:
%load_ext autoreload
%autoreload 2
from collatex import *
collation = Collation()
collation.add_plain_witness('A','The big gray koala')
collation.add_plain_witness('B','The grey koala')
table = collate(collation, segmentation=False, near_match=True)
print(table)
collate(collation,segmentation=False,near_match=True,output="svg")
The autoreload extension is already loaded. To reload it, use:
%reload_ext autoreload
+---+-----+-----+------+-------+
| A | The | big | gray | koala |
| B | The | - | grey | koala |
+---+-----+-----+------+-------+
In [ ]:
Content source: ebeshero/Pittsburgh_Frankenstein
Similar notebooks: