In [2]:

    

return "Positive" if var >=0 else "Negative"


    

    




  File "<ipython-input-2-deee312052d3>", line 1
    return "Positive" if var >=0 else "Negative"
SyntaxError: 'return' outside function

In [9]:

    

a =1 
assert a==2  , "fuck"


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AssertionError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-9-f5d506428bb1> in <module>()
      1 a =1
----> 2 assert a==2  , "fuck"

AssertionError: fuck

In [10]:

    

"condition"
for x in xrange(1,20):
    print x


    

    




1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

In [13]:

    

range(10)


    

    
Out[13]:





[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

In [15]:

    

xrange(10)


    

    
Out[15]:





xrange(10)

In [16]:

    

li = ['a', 'b','c' ]
for index in xrange(len(li)):
    print index


    

    




0
1
2

In [17]:

    

li = ['a', 'b','c' ]
for i,e in enumerate(li):
    print i, e


    

    




0 a
1 b
2 c

In [19]:

    

li = ['a', 'b','c' ]
for i,e in enumerate(li,start=3):
    print i, e


    

    




3 a
4 b
5 c

In [24]:

    

li = ['a', 'b','c','d' , 'e' ]
for i,e in enumerate(reversed(li), start=100):
    print i, e


    

    




100 e
101 d
102 c
103 b
104 a

In [26]:

    

def test1():pass
def test1(name):
    print name


    

In [27]:

    

test1("hello")


    

    




hello

In [28]:

    

test1()


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-28-e3097d5bf3e6> in <module>()
----> 1 test1()

TypeError: test1() takes exactly 1 argument (0 given)

In [36]:

    

def test(): pass


    

In [37]:

    

ret = test()


    

In [38]:

    

test


    

    
Out[38]:





<function __main__.test>

In [39]:

    

test.a = 1


    

In [40]:

    

test.a


    

    
Out[40]:





1

In [41]:

    

def test():
    """this is doc"""""


    

In [42]:

    

test.func_doc


    

    
Out[42]:





'this is doc'

In [ ]:

    




    

In [43]:

    

__builtin__


    

    
Out[43]:





<module '__builtin__' (built-in)>

In [44]:

    

dir(__builtin__)


    

    
Out[44]:





['ArithmeticError',
 'AssertionError',
 'AttributeError',
 'BaseException',
 'BufferError',
 'BytesWarning',
 'DeprecationWarning',
 'EOFError',
 'Ellipsis',
 'EnvironmentError',
 'Exception',
 'False',
 'FloatingPointError',
 'FutureWarning',
 'GeneratorExit',
 'IOError',
 'ImportError',
 'ImportWarning',
 'IndentationError',
 'IndexError',
 'KeyError',
 'KeyboardInterrupt',
 'LookupError',
 'MemoryError',
 'NameError',
 'None',
 'NotImplemented',
 'NotImplementedError',
 'OSError',
 'OverflowError',
 'PendingDeprecationWarning',
 'ReferenceError',
 'RuntimeError',
 'RuntimeWarning',
 'StandardError',
 'StopIteration',
 'SyntaxError',
 'SyntaxWarning',
 'SystemError',
 'SystemExit',
 'TabError',
 'True',
 'TypeError',
 'UnboundLocalError',
 'UnicodeDecodeError',
 'UnicodeEncodeError',
 'UnicodeError',
 'UnicodeTranslateError',
 'UnicodeWarning',
 'UserWarning',
 'ValueError',
 'Warning',
 'ZeroDivisionError',
 '__IPYTHON__',
 '__IPYTHON__active',
 '__debug__',
 '__doc__',
 '__import__',
 '__name__',
 '__package__',
 'abs',
 'all',
 'any',
 'apply',
 'basestring',
 'bin',
 'bool',
 'buffer',
 'bytearray',
 'bytes',
 'callable',
 'chr',
 'classmethod',
 'cmp',
 'coerce',
 'compile',
 'complex',
 'copyright',
 'credits',
 'delattr',
 'dict',
 'dir',
 'divmod',
 'dreload',
 'enumerate',
 'eval',
 'execfile',
 'file',
 'filter',
 'float',
 'format',
 'frozenset',
 'get_ipython',
 'getattr',
 'globals',
 'hasattr',
 'hash',
 'help',
 'hex',
 'id',
 'input',
 'int',
 'intern',
 'isinstance',
 'issubclass',
 'iter',
 'len',
 'license',
 'list',
 'locals',
 'long',
 'map',
 'max',
 'memoryview',
 'min',
 'next',
 'object',
 'oct',
 'open',
 'ord',
 'pow',
 'print',
 'property',
 'range',
 'raw_input',
 'reduce',
 'reload',
 'repr',
 'reversed',
 'round',
 'set',
 'setattr',
 'slice',
 'sorted',
 'staticmethod',
 'str',
 'sum',
 'super',
 'tuple',
 'type',
 'unichr',
 'unicode',
 'vars',
 'xrange',
 'zip']

In [ ]:

    




    

In [45]:

    

type(str)


    

    
Out[45]:





type

In [3]:

    

import pandas as pd


    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    

""" """
def func(p1, p2, p3=None, p4=None, *args, **kwargs)


    

In [5]:

    

pd.readfile


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-5-707d7daa2d69> in <module>()
----> 1 pd.readfile

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'readfile'

In [ ]:

    

sorted()


    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [1]:

    

lst = list("abccbas")


    

In [2]:

    

sorted(lst)


    

    
Out[2]:





['a', 'a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'c', 's']

In [ ]:

    

sorted(lst)


    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [11]:

    

def add(v1,v2,v3):
    return v1+v2+v3


    

In [12]:

    

v1,v2,v3=1,2,3
add(v1,v2,v3)


    

    
Out[12]:





6

In [13]:

    

tpl=(1,2,3)


    

In [16]:

    

add(*tpl) #解包tuple, 也可以是list


    

    
Out[16]:





6

In [ ]:

    




    

In [19]:

    

def add2(v1=0,v2=0,v3=0):
    return v1+v2+v3


    

In [20]:

    

dct = {"v1":1,"v2":2,"v3":3}


    

In [22]:

    

add2(**dct) #双*高级解包


    

    
Out[22]:





6

In [ ]:

    




    

In [23]:

    

dct2={1:"xx"}


    

In [25]:

    

def add(v1,v2,**hello):
    return hello


    

In [29]:

    

add(1,2,a=1,b=1)


    

    
Out[29]:





{'a': 1, 'b': 1}

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [30]:

    

def change_list(lst):
    lst[0] =2
    lst = []
    print "2:", id(lst)
    
    
lst = [1,2,3]
print "1:" , id(lst)
change_list(lst)
print lst


    

    




1: 4418840552
2: 4400802200
[2, 2, 3]

In [32]:

    

lst


    

    
Out[32]:





[2, 2, 3]

In [ ]:

    




    

In [31]:

    

reversed(lst)


    

    
Out[31]:





<listreverseiterator at 0x108458290>

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [33]:

    

sorted2([1,2,3,1]) ==> [3,2,1,1]
sorted2([“123”, “22”, “0000”], key=len)  ==> [“0000”, “123”, “22”]
sorted2([1,2,3,1], reverse=False) ==> [1,1,2,3]


    

    




  File "<ipython-input-33-ff340125247a>", line 1
    sorted2([1,2,3,1]) ==> [3,2,1,1]
                         ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

In [35]:

    

sorted([1,2,3,1])#==> [3,2,1,1]


    

    
Out[35]:





[1, 1, 2, 3]

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    

sorted(iterable, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False)


    

In [77]:

    

def sorted2(iterable, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False):
    return sorted(iterable, cmp=cmp, key=key, reverse=reverse)


    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [76]:

    

sorted2([1,2,3,1])


    

    
Out[76]:





[1, 1, 2, 3]

In [ ]:

    




    

In [73]:

    

sorted2([1,2,3,1], reverse=True)


    

    
Out[73]:





[3, 2, 1, 1]

In [74]:

    

sorted2([1,2,3,1], reverse=False)


    

    
Out[74]:





[1, 1, 2, 3]

In [ ]:

    




    

In [50]:

    

sorted2(["123", "22", "0000"], key=len)


    

    
Out[50]:





['0000', '123', '22']

In [72]:

    

assert [1, 1, 2, 3] == sorted2([1,2,3,1], reverse=True) , "not reverse"


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AssertionError                            Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-72-3332d1b61752> in <module>()
----> 1 assert [1, 1, 2, 3] == sorted2([1,2,3,1], reverse=True) , "not reverse"

AssertionError: not reverse

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    

sorted2([1,2,3,1], reverse=False)


    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [44]:

    

sorted(["123", "22", "0000"], key=len)


    

    
Out[44]:





['22', '123', '0000']

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [46]:

    

sorted(["123", "22", "0000"], key=len, reverse=True)


    

    
Out[46]:





['0000', '123', '22']

In [47]:

    

sorted(["123", "22", "0000"], key=len)


    

    
Out[47]:





['22', '123', '0000']

In [ ]:

    




    

In [63]:

    

sorted([1,2,3,1], reverse=True)


    

    
Out[63]:





[3, 2, 1, 1]

In [ ]:

    




    

In [40]:

    

sorted.__doc__


    

    
Out[40]:





'sorted(iterable, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) --> new sorted list'

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]:

    




    

In [ ]: