In [97]:

    

# Import necessary libraries
import ephem
import math
from datetime import timedelta
from datetime import datetime


# get_passes() function definition
def get_passes(observer, tle, start_time, num_passes=None, duration=None):
    """Config obs and sat, Return pass data for all passes in given interval.

    Arguments:
    observer -- 4 element list containing desired [name,lat,lon,alt]
    tle -- 3 element list containing desired tle [line0,line1,line2]
    start_time -- ephem.date string formatted 'yyyy/mm/dd hr:min:sec'
    num_passes -- integer number of desired passes (defualt None)
    duration -- float number of hours or fraction of hours (default None)

    Specify either num_passes or duration.
    If both, use num_passes.
    If neither, find passes for next 24 hours.
    """

    obs_name, obs_lat, obs_lon, obs_alt = observer
    tle_line0, tle_line1, tle_line2 = tle

    # Set up location of observer
    ground_station = ephem.Observer()
    ground_station.name = obs_name                # name string
    ground_station.lon = obs_lon                  # in degrees (+E)
    ground_station.lat = obs_lat                  # in degrees (+N)
    ground_station.elevation = obs_alt            # in meters
    ground_station.date = ephem.date(start_time)  # in UTC

    # Read in most recent satellite TLE data
    sat = ephem.readtle(tle_line0, tle_line1, tle_line2)

    contacts = []

    if num_passes is not None and duration is None:
        # if only num_passes specified
        try:
            for i in range(num_passes):
                sat.compute(ground_station)  # compute all body attributes for sat
                # next pass command yields array with [0]=rise time,
                # [1]=rise azimuth, [2]=max alt time, [3]=max alt,
                # [4]=set time, [5]=set azimuth
                info = ground_station.next_pass(sat)
                rise_time, rise_az, max_alt_time, max_alt, set_time, set_az = info
                deg_per_rad = 180.0/math.pi           # use to conv azimuth to deg
                pass_duration = timedelta(days = set_time-rise_time)  # fraction of a day

                if set_time > rise_time:  # only update if set time > rise time
                    ground_station.date = set_time  # new obs time = prev set time

                pass_data = {
                    'start' : rise_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'end' : set_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'duration' : str(pass_duration),
                    'rise_az' : (rise_az*deg_per_rad),
                    'set_az' : (set_az*deg_per_rad)
                }

                # increase by 1 min and look for next pass
                ground_station.date = ground_station.date + ephem.minute
                contacts.append(pass_data)
        except ValueError:
            # No (more) visible passes
            pass
        return contacts

    if num_passes is None and duration is not None:
        # if only duration specified
        try:
            end_time = ephem.date(ground_station.date+duration*ephem.hour)
            while (ground_station.date <= end_time):
                sat.compute(ground_station)  # compute all body attributes for sat
                # next pass command yields array with [0]=rise time,
                # [1]=rise azimuth, [2]=max alt time, [3]=max alt,
                # [4]=set time, [5]=set azimuth
                info = ground_station.next_pass(sat)
                rise_time, rise_az, max_alt_time, max_alt, set_time, set_az = info
                deg_per_rad = 180.0/math.pi           # use to conv azimuth to deg
                pass_duration = timedelta(set_time-rise_time)  # fraction of a day

                if set_time > rise_time:  # only update if set time > rise time
                    ground_station.date = set_time  # new obs time = prev set time

                pass_data = {
                    'start' : rise_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'end' : set_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'duration' : str(pass_duration),
                    'rise_az' : (rise_az*deg_per_rad),
                    'set_az' : (set_az*deg_per_rad)
                }

                # increase time by 1 min and look for next pass
                ground_station.date = ground_station.date + ephem.minute
        except ValueError:
            # No (more) visible passes
            pass
        return pass_data

    if num_passes is not None and duration is not None:
        # if both are specified, use num_passes
        try:
            for i in range(num_passes):
                sat.compute(ground_station)  # compute all body attributes for sat
                # next pass command yields array with [0]=rise time,
                # [1]=rise azimuth, [2]=max alt time, [3]=max alt,
                # [4]=set time, [5]=set azimuth
                info = ground_station.next_pass(sat)
                rise_time, rise_az, max_alt_time, max_alt, set_time, set_az = info
                deg_per_rad = 180.0/math.pi           # use to conv azimuth to deg
                pass_duration = timedelta(set_time-rise_time)  # fraction of a day

                if set_time > rise_time:  # only update if set time > rise time
                    ground_station.date = set_time   # new obs time = prev set time

                pass_data = {
                    'start' : rise_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'end' : set_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'duration' : str(pass_duration),
                    'rise_az' : (rise_az*deg_per_rad),
                    'set_az' : (set_az*deg_per_rad)
                }

                # increase time by 1 min and look for next pass
                ground_station.date = ground_station.date + ephem.minute
        except ValueError:
            # No (more) visible passes
            pass
        return pass_data

    if num_passes is None and duration is None:
        # if neither are specified, get passes for the next 24 hours
        try:
            end_time = ephem.date(ground_station.date+1)
            while (ground_station.date <= end_time):
                sat.compute(ground_station)  # compute all body attributes for sat
                # next pass command yields array with [0]=rise time,
                # [1]=rise azimuth, [2]=max alt time, [3]=max alt,
                # [4]=set time, [5]=set azimuth
                info = ground_station.next_pass(sat)
                rise_time, rise_az, max_alt_time, max_alt, set_time, set_az = info
                deg_per_rad = 180.0/math.pi           # use to conv azimuth to deg
                pass_duration = timedelta(set_time-rise_time)  # fraction of a day

                if set_time > rise_time:  # only update if set time > rise time
                    ground_station.date = set_time   # new obs time = prev set time

                pass_data = {
                    'start' : rise_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'end' : set_time.datetime().ctime(),
                    'duration' : str(pass_duration),
                    'rise_az' : (rise_az*deg_per_rad),
                    'set_az' : (set_az*deg_per_rad)
                }

                # increase time by 1 min and look for next pass
                ground_station.date = ground_station.date + ephem.minute
        except ValueError:
            # No (more) visible passes
            pass
        return pass_data


    

In [98]:

    

import requests


    

In [99]:

    

# itertools has lots of things that deal with looping
# "generators" and "iterators" are really nice concepts that
#can be used in place of most usage of using indexes in a loop
#because usually we aren't actually interested in counting the lines
from itertools import islice
data = []
with open('amateur.txt') as f:
    #we don't know we've reached the end of the file
    #until we actually reached it
    while True:
        #an iterator that returns the next N lines and stops
        tripleline = islice(f, 3)
        #loop over these N lines, removing trailing spaces and \n
        # this is called a "list comprehension"
        # it is pretty much exactly the same as
        #    tle = []
        #    for line in tripleline:
        #      tle.append(x.rstrip())
        #
        tle = [x.rstrip() for x in tripleline]
        
        #only accept complete data
        #the end of the file *should* have len(tle)==0 but
        #this also handles extra junk at the end
        if len(tle) == 3:
            data.append(tle)
        else:
            break

# now, data is a list of 3-element lists of strings


    

In [100]:

    

# get NORAD ID for each sat
print(data[0][2][2:7])
print(data[1][2][2:7])


    

    




07530
14781

In [103]:

    

vu = ['Valparaiso University', '41.4639', '-87.0439', 245.089]
start_time = '2017/6/8 12:00:00'
num_passes = 2
duration = None
vu_passes = {}
i = 0

for tle in data:
    # use NORAD ID as key for each satellite
    # value is list of passes, where each pass is a dictionary of data
    vu_passes[data[i][2][2:7]] = get_passes(vu, tle, start_time, num_passes=num_passes, duration=duration)
    i = i + 1

print(vu_passes['25544'])


    

    




[{'rise_az': 190.456669458409, 'end': 'Thu Jun  8 19:35:05 2017', 'duration': '0:09:29.955764', 'set_az': 70.48850846101539, 'start': 'Thu Jun  8 19:25:35 2017'}, {'rise_az': 238.95741928294103, 'end': 'Thu Jun  8 21:11:59 2017', 'duration': '0:11:03.015994', 'set_az': 53.80764288509183, 'start': 'Thu Jun  8 21:00:56 2017'}]

In [104]:

    

import pprint
pprint.pprint(vu_passes)


    

    




{'07530': [{'duration': '0:12:41.902490',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 13:18:54 2017',
            'rise_az': 3.1217117066147058,
            'set_az': 291.59949038617015,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 13:06:12 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:09:47.030825',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 16:52:59 2017',
            'rise_az': 53.02774114980851,
            'set_az': 358.85267484113393,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 16:43:12 2017'}],
 '14781': [{'duration': '0:10:19.870162',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 13:26:56 2017',
            'rise_az': 36.77677451043472,
            'set_az': 140.19885346989122,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 13:16:36 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:13:17.266591',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 15:05:01 2017',
            'rise_az': 9.724222283617193,
            'set_az': 199.13856389354723,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:51:43 2017'}],
 '20442': [{'duration': '0:11:54.066656',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 16:59:57 2017',
            'rise_az': 110.20534131477669,
            'set_az': 6.351135496440512,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 16:48:03 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:15:20.139036',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 18:40:13 2017',
            'rise_az': 163.9019321541533,
            'set_az': 347.38276548868816,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 18:24:52 2017'}],
 '22825': [{'duration': '0:02:11.555872',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 17:43:06 2017',
            'rise_az': 52.322442155734656,
            'set_az': 35.297270158845336,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 17:40:55 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:13:43.316530',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 19:26:29 2017',
            'rise_az': 127.92059122917449,
            'set_az': 359.39693163495724,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 19:12:46 2017'}],
 '22826': [{'duration': '0:06:00.749283',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 12:08:08 2017',
            'rise_az': 336.84520427870586,
            'set_az': 289.4570786095906,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:02:07 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:10:09.901994',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 18:32:55 2017',
            'rise_az': 96.16973970250737,
            'set_az': 11.076521192104263,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 18:22:46 2017'}],
 '23439': [{'duration': '0:29:46.096932',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 12:30:08 2017',
            'rise_az': 317.79375762678933,
            'set_az': 102.70395628521595,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:00:22 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:31:00.346292',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:45:02 2017',
            'rise_az': 325.47099953691037,
            'set_az': 149.29357819884336,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:14:02 2017'}],
 '24278': [{'duration': '0:08:34.536012',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 12:38:13 2017',
            'rise_az': 76.87955744853134,
            'set_az': 12.92690054675711,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:29:39 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:15:34.505811',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:25:11 2017',
            'rise_az': 139.80665034737075,
            'set_az': 354.2119437907038,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:09:36 2017'}],
 '25397': [{'duration': '0:09:47.482896',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 16:54:07 2017',
            'rise_az': 92.33654191764784,
            'set_az': 12.637146846692245,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 16:44:19 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:15:17.933686',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 18:35:35 2017',
            'rise_az': 149.4349904354193,
            'set_az': 352.3166482582953,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 18:20:17 2017'}],
 '25544': [{'duration': '0:09:29.955764',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 19:35:05 2017',
            'rise_az': 190.456669458409,
            'set_az': 70.48850846101539,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 19:25:35 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:11:03.015994',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 21:11:59 2017',
            'rise_az': 238.95741928294103,
            'set_az': 53.80764288509183,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 21:00:56 2017'}],
 '26931': [{'duration': '0:04:04.588914',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 19:06:29 2017',
            'rise_az': 109.38517219924155,
            'set_az': 78.73860516701458,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 19:02:24 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:15:13.172707',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 20:53:55 2017',
            'rise_az': 183.11539089318254,
            'set_az': 37.931551178314194,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 20:38:42 2017'}],
 '27607': [{'duration': '0:10:28.849158',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 22:44:40 2017',
            'rise_az': 155.95612720586732,
            'set_az': 57.29577951308232,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 22:34:12 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:14:00.351273',
            'end': 'Fri Jun  9 00:26:10 2017',
            'rise_az': 211.5428021433157,
            'set_az': 33.71264236574028,
            'start': 'Fri Jun  9 00:12:10 2017'}],
 '27844': [{'duration': '0:15:44.640535',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 12:33:52 2017',
            'rise_az': 12.871590528631994,
            'set_az': 195.95166592871098,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:18:07 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:12:22.125564',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:11:27 2017',
            'rise_az': 354.75368707491253,
            'set_az': 249.0563457444251,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 13:59:05 2017'}],
 '27848': [{'duration': '0:15:45.189901',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 12:30:13 2017',
            'rise_az': 13.728191019426328,
            'set_az': 193.57474643716822,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:14:28 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:12:41.179203',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:08:03 2017',
            'rise_az': 355.75135914659796,
            'set_az': 246.3048450184205,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 13:55:21 2017'}],
 '27939': [{'duration': '0:03:06.059739',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 19:11:38 2017',
            'rise_az': 67.22686090590253,
            'set_az': 93.63752219980601,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 19:08:32 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:13:35.659014',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 20:55:13 2017',
            'rise_az': 20.598907970652995,
            'set_az': 173.50431752335578,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 20:41:37 2017'}],
 '28895': [{'duration': '0:07:09.649754',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 20:39:20 2017',
            'rise_az': 51.350618934963144,
            'set_az': 114.79844545612433,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 20:32:10 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:13:50.469079',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 22:20:59 2017',
            'rise_az': 16.94637893462405,
            'set_az': 181.96608862192284,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 22:07:09 2017'}],
 '32785': [{'duration': '0:12:23.225069',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 12:43:48 2017',
            'rise_az': 23.326760874203735,
            'set_az': 167.05926906026173,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:31:25 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:12:07.689707',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:19:25 2017',
            'rise_az': 359.7708161901237,
            'set_az': 222.80275148067523,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:07:18 2017'}],
 '32789': [{'duration': '0:10:43.053257',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:38:00 2017',
            'rise_az': 31.08127783704702,
            'set_az': 152.83262705690714,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:27:17 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:12:00.181744',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 16:13:35 2017',
            'rise_az': 4.147432163570197,
            'set_az': 211.09231018641833,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 16:01:35 2017'}],
 '32791': [{'duration': '0:12:23.584464',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 13:05:12 2017',
            'rise_az': 22.349562294555426,
            'set_az': 169.3641710371959,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:52:48 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:11:51.357091',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:40:28 2017',
            'rise_az': 358.628262145764,
            'set_az': 225.27965128128866,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:28:37 2017'}],
 '32953': [{'duration': '0:08:42.094281',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 12:57:02 2017',
            'rise_az': 14.471342068106749,
            'set_az': 59.855898338543184,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:48:20 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:21:42.535794',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 15:04:36 2017',
            'rise_az': 358.52397881751625,
            'set_az': 132.2871175051853,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:42:54 2017'}],
 '33493': [{'duration': '0:07:04.330598',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 13:05:10 2017',
            'rise_az': 90.22508455838677,
            'set_az': 21.44223825766364,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 12:58:06 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:12:34.552203',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:42:12 2017',
            'rise_az': 153.10991907683132,
            'set_az': 352.752250402802,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:29:37 2017'}],
 '33499': [{'duration': '0:11:26.776351',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 21:36:09 2017',
            'rise_az': 33.215162122447815,
            'set_az': 149.122058488406,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 21:24:42 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:13:28.485152',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 23:14:04 2017',
            'rise_az': 8.370123620283826,
            'set_az': 205.5561413357995,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 23:00:35 2017'}],
 '35932': [{'duration': '0:02:30.393118',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 18:42:26 2017',
            'rise_az': 70.24845463244613,
            'set_az': 90.96888532881198,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 18:39:56 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:13:55.346569',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 20:27:10 2017',
            'rise_az': 21.798004028509386,
            'set_az': 172.70145610717748,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 20:13:14 2017'}],
 '35933': [{'duration': '0:13:01.480360',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 20:08:08 2017',
            'rise_az': 27.906086816448173,
            'set_az': 158.87537737788745,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 19:55:06 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:14:00.169037',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 21:46:34 2017',
            'rise_az': 6.197741827399897,
            'set_az': 212.8540755205531,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 21:32:34 2017'}],
 '35935': [{'duration': '0:11:30.662899',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 19:43:37 2017',
            'rise_az': 35.52310011846805,
            'set_az': 143.10691579205087,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 19:32:07 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:14:24.941921',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 21:23:25 2017',
            'rise_az': 11.12111720474257,
            'set_az': 199.72188936942302,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 21:09:00 2017'}],
 '36122': [{'duration': '0:19:52.724334',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 13:25:54 2017',
            'rise_az': 17.60486381212664,
            'set_az': 186.8836472394136,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 13:06:02 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:17:57.895363',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 15:12:11 2017',
            'rise_az': 5.873436761644875,
            'set_az': 235.4159661982894,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 14:54:13 2017'}],
 '36799': [{'duration': '0:10:54.657845',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 18:45:32 2017',
            'rise_az': 33.83690399731032,
            'set_az': 148.00306859668282,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 18:34:37 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:12:57.477054',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 20:22:29 2017',
            'rise_az': 7.770117114907594,
            'set_az': 205.42650434535267,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 20:09:32 2017'}],
 '37839': [{'duration': '0:03:36.900407',
            'end': 'Fri Jun  9 00:27:03 2017',
            'rise_az': 173.59974892643922,
            'set_az': 148.2754155596479,
            'start': 'Fri Jun  9 00:23:26 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:10:18.542401',
            'end': 'Fri Jun  9 02:18:16 2017',
            'rise_az': 208.39959006841084,
            'set_az': 132.0922385477865,
            'start': 'Fri Jun  9 02:07:58 2017'}],
 '37841': [{'duration': '0:05:48.162799',
            'end': 'Fri Jun  9 03:24:27 2017',
            'rise_az': 182.05328281686724,
            'set_az': 141.35021845828027,
            'start': 'Fri Jun  9 03:18:39 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:10:55.932938',
            'end': 'Fri Jun  9 05:15:03 2017',
            'rise_az': 211.54588938882054,
            'set_az': 131.12366308196533,
            'start': 'Fri Jun  9 05:04:07 2017'}],
 '37855': [{'duration': '0:11:18.771790',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 13:17:05 2017',
            'rise_az': 141.864722948079,
            'set_az': 351.84637607356154,
            'start': 'Thu Jun  8 13:05:46 2017'},
           {'duration': '0:10:24.155485',
            'end': 'Thu Jun  8 14:51:12 2017',
            'rise_az': 198.40397704831238,
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