In [5]:
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.svm import SVR
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn import cross_validation
from sklearn import preprocessing
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
from sklearn import metrics

In [9]:
# Read data
data = pd.read_csv("../../Clean-Energy-Outlook/Data/data of states/AK.csv")
year1 = data[['Year']][:44]
year2 = data[['Year']][44:55]

# Data Preprocessing
data['GDP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['GDP'])
data['CLPRB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['CLPRB'])
data['EMFDB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['EMFDB'])
data['ENPRP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['ENPRP'])
data['NGMPB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['NGMPB'])
data['PAPRB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['PAPRB'])
data['PCP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['PCP'])
data['ZNDX_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['ZNDX'])
data['OP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['Nominal Price'])
data['OP2_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['Inflation Adjusted Price'])

# Split data for train and test
all_x = data[['GDP_scaled','CLPRB_scaled','EMFDB_scaled','ENPRP_scaled','NGMPB_scaled','PAPRB_scaled','PCP_scaled','ZNDX_scaled','OP_scaled', 'OP2_scaled']][:55]
all_y = data[['HYTCP']][:55]
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = cross_validation.train_test_split(all_x, all_y, test_size=0.2, random_state=0)

# SVR for hydro in AK with cross-validation
clf = SVR(kernel='linear', C=1000.0, epsilon=0.3)
model = clf.fit(X_train, y_train)
scores = cross_validation.cross_val_score(clf, X_train, y_train, cv=5)

print(scores)
print("Accuracy: %0.2f (+/- %0.2f)" % (scores.mean(), scores.std() / 2))
print(clf.coef_)

train_error = mean_squared_error(y_train, clf.predict(X_train))
print('Training MSE: %.3f' % train_error)
test_error = mean_squared_error(y_test, clf.predict(X_test))
print('Test MSE: %.3f' % test_error)


# Plots
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,4.5))
fig.suptitle('Support Vector Regression', fontsize=14, fontweight='bold')

# Plot for training data
fig.add_subplot(121)
plt.plot(year1, clf.predict(X_train), color='red', label='Predict')
plt.plot(year1, y_train, label='Actual')
plt.legend(loc=2,fontsize=10)
plt.title('Training Data')
plt.xlabel('Year')
plt.ylabel('HYTCP')

# Plot for test data
fig.add_subplot(122)
plt.plot(year2, clf.predict(X_test), color='red', label='Predict')
plt.plot(year2, y_test, label='Actual')
plt.legend(loc=2,fontsize=10)
plt.title('Testing Data')
plt.xlabel('Year')
plt.ylabel('HYTCP')

plt.tight_layout(pad=4, w_pad=4)
plt.show()


/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/preprocessing/data.py:177: UserWarning: Numerical issues were encountered when scaling the data and might not be solved. The standard deviation of the data is probably very close to 0. 
  warnings.warn("Numerical issues were encountered "
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
[ 0.85900804  0.92706393  0.90875954  0.86469393  0.88814523]
Accuracy: 0.89 (+/- 0.01)
[[ 163.51590165   88.5328519     0.            0.          234.0661994
   -78.45866414    0.56557349    0.            7.10043209  -13.93912168]]
Training MSE: 12291.977
Test MSE: 27166.385

In [11]:
# predict Hydro for future
year3 = data[['Year']][-6:]
year3 = year3.set_index([[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]])
future_x = data[['GDP_scaled','CLPRB_scaled','EMFDB_scaled','ENPRP_scaled','NGMPB_scaled','PAPRB_scaled','PCP_scaled','ZNDX_scaled','OP_scaled','OP2_scaled']][-6:]
pred = pd.DataFrame(clf.predict(future_x))
pred.columns = ['Hydro']
future = pd.concat([year3, pred], axis=1)
print(future)


   Year        Hydro
0  2015  1483.321616
1  2016  1529.067314
2  2017  1561.521510
3  2018  1596.202917
4  2019  1630.991116
5  2020  1665.714263

In [12]:
statelist=["AK","AL","AR","AZ","CA","CO","CT","DE","FL","GA","IA","ID","IL","IN","KS","KY","LA","MA","MD","ME","MI","MN","MO","MS","MT","NC","ND","NE","NH","NJ","NM","NV","NY","OH","OK","OR","PA","RI","SC","SD","TN","TX","UT","VA","VT","WA","WI","WV","WY"]
result = year3

for i in range(49):
    data = pd.read_csv('../../Clean-Energy-Outlook/Data/data of states/%s.csv' % (statelist[i]))
    
    year1 = data[['Year']][:44]
    year2 = data[['Year']][44:55]

    # Data Preprocessing
    data['GDP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['GDP'])
    data['CLPRB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['CLPRB'])
    data['EMFDB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['EMFDB'])
    data['ENPRP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['ENPRP'])
    data['NGMPB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['NGMPB'])
    data['PAPRB_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['PAPRB'])
    data['PCP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['PCP'])
    data['ZNDX_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['ZNDX'])
    data['OP_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['Nominal Price'])
    data['OP2_scaled']=preprocessing.scale(data['Inflation Adjusted Price'])

    # Split data for train and test
    all_x = data[['GDP_scaled','CLPRB_scaled','EMFDB_scaled','ENPRP_scaled','NGMPB_scaled','PAPRB_scaled','PCP_scaled','ZNDX_scaled','OP_scaled', 'OP2_scaled']][:55]
    all_y = data[['HYTCP']][:55]
    X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = cross_validation.train_test_split(all_x, all_y, test_size=0.2, random_state=0)

    # SVR for hydro in AK with cross-validation
    clf = SVR(kernel='linear', C=1000.0, epsilon=0.3)
    model = clf.fit(X_train, y_train)
    scores = cross_validation.cross_val_score(clf, X_train, y_train, cv=5)

    #print(scores)
    print("Accuracy: %0.2f (+/- %0.2f)" % (scores.mean(), scores.std() / 2))
    #print(clf.coef_)
    
    future_x = data[['GDP_scaled','CLPRB_scaled','EMFDB_scaled','ENPRP_scaled','NGMPB_scaled','PAPRB_scaled','PCP_scaled','ZNDX_scaled','OP_scaled','OP2_scaled']][-6:]
    pred = pd.DataFrame(clf.predict(future_x))
    pred.columns = [statelist[i]]
    result = pd.concat([result, pred], axis=1)

print(result)

# output to csv
result.to_csv('Hydro_Pred_SVR.csv', encoding='utf-8', index=False)


/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/preprocessing/data.py:177: UserWarning: Numerical issues were encountered when scaling the data and might not be solved. The standard deviation of the data is probably very close to 0. 
  warnings.warn("Numerical issues were encountered "
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.89 (+/- 0.01)
Accuracy: 0.29 (+/- 0.22)
Accuracy: 0.49 (+/- 0.16)
Accuracy: -0.45 (+/- 0.48)
Accuracy: 0.28 (+/- 0.16)
Accuracy: 0.22 (+/- 0.11)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.74 (+/- 0.08)
Accuracy: 1.00 (+/- 0.00)
Accuracy: 0.37 (+/- 0.07)
Accuracy: 0.30 (+/- 0.08)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: -0.09 (+/- 0.24)
Accuracy: -0.43 (+/- 0.56)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.05 (+/- 0.37)
Accuracy: -1.22 (+/- 1.34)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.17 (+/- 0.30)
Accuracy: 0.29 (+/- 0.26)
Accuracy: 0.77 (+/- 0.12)
Accuracy: 0.49 (+/- 0.04)
Accuracy: 0.15 (+/- 0.17)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/preprocessing/data.py:160: UserWarning: Numerical issues were encountered when centering the data and might not be solved. Dataset may contain too large values. You may need to prescale your features.
  warnings.warn("Numerical issues were encountered "
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.71 (+/- 0.07)
Accuracy: 0.51 (+/- 0.04)
Accuracy: 0.50 (+/- 0.13)
Accuracy: 0.43 (+/- 0.07)
Accuracy: 1.00 (+/- 0.00)
Accuracy: -0.01 (+/- 0.55)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.51 (+/- 0.06)
Accuracy: -0.23 (+/- 0.21)
Accuracy: -0.72 (+/- 0.81)
Accuracy: 0.37 (+/- 0.20)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.39 (+/- 0.10)
Accuracy: 0.55 (+/- 0.15)
Accuracy: -0.45 (+/- 0.08)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.16 (+/- 0.21)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.83 (+/- 0.05)
Accuracy: 0.51 (+/- 0.08)
Accuracy: 0.24 (+/- 0.09)
Accuracy: 0.54 (+/- 0.18)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.20 (+/- 0.08)
Accuracy: 0.45 (+/- 0.10)
Accuracy: 0.20 (+/- 0.20)
Accuracy: 0.65 (+/- 0.09)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.53 (+/- 0.11)
Accuracy: -0.36 (+/- 0.56)
Accuracy: 0.37 (+/- 0.08)
Accuracy: 0.71 (+/- 0.15)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
Accuracy: 0.24 (+/- 0.16)
Accuracy: 0.23 (+/- 0.11)
Accuracy: 0.65 (+/- 0.07)
Accuracy: -0.77 (+/- 0.49)
   Year           AK            AL           AR           AZ            CA  \
0  2015  1483.321616  10024.615142  3894.435221  5601.226688  24383.096186   
1  2016  1529.067314   6688.550131  2576.209948  5433.946912  33816.927829   
2  2017  1561.521510   9064.554259  2066.127341  5375.537768  32935.945961   
3  2018  1596.202917   9488.805627  1344.529124  5636.086091  31605.241010   
4  2019  1630.991116   9751.180462   350.218590  5209.728765  30419.757548   
5  2020  1665.714263   9397.500777  -776.157858  5160.169547  29421.798080   

            CO          CT   DE          FL     ...                SD  \
0  1153.658866  313.541077  0.0  156.121159     ...       5300.091245   
1  1154.058951  314.615779  0.0  165.594510     ...       5451.634587   
2  1177.868796  438.652649  0.0  167.461456     ...       6238.496138   
3  1211.147426  418.742517  0.0  164.246871     ...       6218.804556   
4  1101.523668  450.256360  0.0  164.062051     ...       6505.453510   
5  1055.592347  490.219891  0.0  168.021173     ...       6919.432979   

             TN           TX          UT           VA           VT  \
0  11232.993402  1483.364317  766.642385  1244.708858  1178.274924   
1   9028.710175  1023.861792  824.149976  1146.230314  1130.236399   
2   9719.647571   699.207551  869.029319  1185.527312  1346.708574   
3  10580.530190   652.516634  864.395418  1179.594315  1263.872098   
4  11240.214337   354.283579  860.860663  1182.781840  1319.387309   
5  12529.062420   325.091263  844.796935  1180.319687  1379.903689   

             WA           WI           WV           WY  
0  64614.471765  2195.142678  1322.335329  1105.538776  
1  70128.475767  2341.025123  1269.486259  1048.876056  
2  64676.180883  2144.473742  1339.296046  1248.930971  
3  68316.285764  1994.370629  1351.869734  1207.357033  
4  65169.118995  2099.513733  1369.702438  1186.065564  
5  67132.395664  2153.303148  1377.214102  1235.608822  

[6 rows x 50 columns]
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
/Users/kejiawu/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sklearn/utils/validation.py:526: DataConversionWarning: A column-vector y was passed when a 1d array was expected. Please change the shape of y to (n_samples, ), for example using ravel().
  y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)

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