In [1]:

    

['spam', 'egg', 0.5]


    

    
Out[1]:





['spam', 'egg', 0.5]

In [2]:

    

['spam', 'ham'] + ['egg']


    

    
Out[2]:





['spam', 'ham', 'egg']

In [3]:

    

['spam'] * 5


    

    
Out[3]:





['spam', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam']

In [4]:

    

['spam', 'ham', 'egg'][0]


    

    
Out[4]:





'spam'

In [5]:

    

['spam', 'ham', 'egg'][1:]


    

    
Out[5]:





['ham', 'egg']

In [6]:

    

len(['spam', 'ham', 'egg'])


    

    
Out[6]:





3

In [7]:

    

'ham' in ['spam', 'ham', 'egg']


    

    
Out[7]:





True

In [8]:

    

for animal in ['cat', 'dog', 'snake']:
    print(animal)


    

    




cat
dog
snake

In [9]:

    

animals = ['cat', 'dog', 'snake']


    

In [10]:

    

animals.append('elephant')


    

In [11]:

    

animals


    

    
Out[11]:





['cat', 'dog', 'snake', 'elephant']

In [12]:

    

ret = []


    

In [13]:

    

for animal in animals:
    ret.append(len(animal))


    

In [14]:

    

ret


    

    
Out[14]:





[3, 3, 5, 8]

In [15]:

    

[len(animal) for animal in animals]


    

    
Out[15]:





[3, 3, 5, 8]

In [16]:

    

dog, cat = ['dog', 'cat']


    

In [17]:

    

dog


    

    
Out[17]:





'dog'

In [18]:

    

cat


    

    
Out[18]:





'cat'

In [19]:

    

('spam', 'ham', 4)


    

    
Out[19]:





('spam', 'ham', 4)

In [20]:

    

('spam', 'ham') + ('egg',)


    

    
Out[20]:





('spam', 'ham', 'egg')

In [21]:

    

('spam',) * 5


    

    
Out[21]:





('spam', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam', 'spam')

In [22]:

    

('spam', 'ham', 'egg')[0]


    

    
Out[22]:





'spam'

In [23]:

    

('spam', 'ham', 'egg')[1:]


    

    
Out[23]:





('ham', 'egg')

In [24]:

    

len(('spam', 'ham', 'egg'))


    

    
Out[24]:





3

In [25]:

    

'ham' in ('spam', 'ham', 'egg')


    

    
Out[25]:





True

In [26]:

    

('spam',)


    

    
Out[26]:





('spam',)

In [27]:

    

('spam')


    

    
Out[27]:





'spam'

In [28]:

    

'dog', 'cat'


    

    
Out[28]:





('dog', 'cat')

In [29]:

    

def head_splitter(seq):
    return seq[0], seq[1:]


    

In [30]:

    

head, tail = head_splitter(['head', 'body', 'tail'])


    

In [31]:

    

head


    

    
Out[31]:





'head'

In [32]:

    

tail


    

    
Out[32]:





['body', 'tail']

In [33]:

    

def bad_implementation():
    return 'username', 'user_password', 'user_id', 'user_permission'


    

In [34]:

    

username, user_password, user_id, user_permission = bad_implementation()


    

In [35]:

    

user_info = {'user_name': 'hirokiky', 'last_name': 'Kiyohara'}


    

In [36]:

    

user_info


    

    
Out[36]:





{'last_name': 'Kiyohara', 'user_name': 'hirokiky'}

In [37]:

    

user_info['user_name']


    

    
Out[37]:





'hirokiky'

In [38]:

    

user_info['first_name'] = 'Hiroki'


    

In [39]:

    

user_info


    

    
Out[39]:





{'first_name': 'Hiroki', 'last_name': 'Kiyohara', 'user_name': 'hirokiky'}

In [40]:

    

'user_name' in user_info


    

    
Out[40]:





True

In [41]:

    

'bio' in user_info


    

    
Out[41]:





False

In [42]:

    

user_info['bio']


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
KeyError                                  Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-42-cb2fbb445a82> in <module>()
----> 1 user_info['bio']

KeyError: 'bio'

In [43]:

    

user_info.get('user_name')


    

    
Out[43]:





'hirokiky'

In [44]:

    

bio = user_info.get('bio')


    

In [45]:

    

print(bio)


    

    




None

In [46]:

    

user_info.get('bio', '')


    

    
Out[46]:





''

In [47]:

    

d = {'foo': 'spam', 'bar': 'ham'}


    

In [48]:

    

d.items()


    

    
Out[48]:





dict_items([('foo', 'spam'), ('bar', 'ham')])

In [49]:

    

d = {'foo': 'spam', 'bar': 'ham'}


    

In [50]:

    

for key, value in d.items():
    print(key, value)


    

    




foo spam
bar ham

In [51]:

    

{'spam', 'ham'}


    

    
Out[51]:





{'ham', 'spam'}

In [52]:

    

{'spam', 'spam', 'spam'}


    

    
Out[52]:





{'spam'}

In [53]:

    

unique_users = {'dog', 'cat'}


    

In [54]:

    

unique_users.add('snake')


    

In [55]:

    

unique_users


    

    
Out[55]:





{'cat', 'dog', 'snake'}

In [56]:

    

len(unique_users)


    

    
Out[56]:





3

In [57]:

    

unique_users.add('snake')


    

In [58]:

    

unique_users.add('snake')


    

In [59]:

    

unique_users.add('snake')


    

In [60]:

    

len(unique_users)


    

    
Out[60]:





3

In [61]:

    

allowed_permissions = {'edit', 'view'}


    

In [62]:

    

requested_permissions = {'view', 'delete'}


    

In [63]:

    

allowed_permissions & requested_permissions


    

    
Out[63]:





{'view'}

In [64]:

    

editor = {'edit', 'comment'}


    

In [65]:

    

reviewer = {'comment', 'approve'}


    

In [66]:

    

editor | reviewer


    

    
Out[66]:





{'approve', 'comment', 'edit'}