In [115]:

    

range(0,9)


    

    
Out[115]:





range(0, 9)

In [116]:

    

for i in range(0,9):
    print(i)


    

    




0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

In [117]:

    

list(range(0,9))
#range is iterator type


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-117-8e13b760a609> in <module>()
----> 1 list(range(0,9))
      2 #range is iterator type

TypeError: 'list' object is not callable

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int('1')


    

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str(1)


    

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int(a)
#throws error


    

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list ('abcd')
#iteratorr type


    

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tuple('kathmandu')
#iterator type can only be passed


    

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list(('255','255','255','0'))


    

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tuple([255,255,254,0])


    

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#tuple and list are linked data structure


    

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tuple({'abc':123})


    

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dict(('name','hari'))


    

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list({'abc':123})


    

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for item in {'a':1}:
    print(item)


    

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dict([('name','hari')])


    

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lst=[]
for i in range (0,50):
    if i % 5==0:
        lst.append(i**2)


    

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lst


    

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[i**2 for i in range (0,50) if i % 5 == 0]
# this is list comprehension
# initially for loop then goes to if and if statement the condition is true it comes to the 1st place
# working as sme as the upper loop


    

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lst =[i**2 if i%2==0 else i for i in range (0,9)]
#everything before for is a single expression


    

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lst


    

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i=1
i**2 if i%2==0 else i
# this is list comprehension


    

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i=2
i**2 if i%2==0 else i


    

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{i for i in range(0,19)if i % 2 == 0 or i % 3 == 0 }
#this is set comprehension


    

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{i : i**2 for i in range(0,19)if i % 2 == 0 or i % 3 == 0 }
#this is dictionary  comprehension


    

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# to read csv file


    

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fp= open('netdata.txt','r')


    

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dir (fp)


    

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fp.read()


    

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fp.read()
#doesnt show nything because the pointer is atEOF


    

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fp.seek(0)
#it places the pointer to the given position in this case 0


    

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fp.read()


    

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fp.seek(0)


    

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fp.readline()


    

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fp= open('notepad1.txt','r')


    

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line=fp.readline()


    

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line


    

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line = line.strip()
#strips the line feed ie /n


    

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line


    

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line=line.strip(',')
#removes comma at the start


    

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line


    

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items= line.split(',')


    

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items


    

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import csv
#


    

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fp.seek(0)


    

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header='Sort Order,Common Name,Formal Name,Type,Sub Type,Sovereignty,Capital,ISO 4217 Currency Code,ISO 4217 Currency Name,ITU-T Telephone Code,ISO 3166-1 2 Letter Code,ISO 3166-1 3 Letter Code,ISO 3166-1 Number,IANA Country Code TLD\n'


    

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headers=header.strip().split(',')


    

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headers


    

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reader =csv.DictReader(fp)


    

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reader


    

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dir(reader)


    

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reader.fieldnames


    

In [118]:

    

countries = list(reader)
#because is used bfore it was overwritten


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-118-e8ab31a04054> in <module>()
----> 1 countries = list(reader)
      2 #because is used bfore itiwas overwritten
      3 

TypeError: 'list' object is not callable

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countries


    

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for line in reader:
    print(line)
    #changed every line to dictionary


    

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countries=list(reader)


    

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var= none
for row in countries:
    if row['Type']=='Independent State':
        var= row


    

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