In [1]:

    

def has_duplicates(seq):
    return len(seq) != len(set(seq))


    

In [2]:

    

l = [0, 1, 2]
print(has_duplicates(l))


    

    




False

In [3]:

    

l = [0, 1, 1, 2]
print(has_duplicates(l))


    

    




True

In [4]:

    

l_2d = [[0, 1], [1, 1], [0, 1], [1, 0]]
# print(has_duplicates(l_2d))
# TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'


    

In [5]:

    

def has_duplicates2(seq):
    seen = []
    unique_list = [x for x in seq if x not in seen and not seen.append(x)]
    return len(seq) != len(unique_list)


    

In [6]:

    

l_2d = [[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 0]]
print(has_duplicates2(l_2d))


    

    




False

In [7]:

    

l_2d = [[0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 1], [1, 1]]
print(has_duplicates2(l_2d))


    

    




True

In [8]:

    

l = [0, 1, 2]
print(has_duplicates2(l))


    

    




False

In [9]:

    

l = [0, 1, 1, 2]
print(has_duplicates2(l))


    

    




True

In [10]:

    

l_2d = [[0, 1], [2, 3]]
print(sum(l_2d, []))


    

    




[0, 1, 2, 3]

In [11]:

    

print(has_duplicates(sum(l_2d, [])))


    

    




False

In [12]:

    

l_2d = [[0, 1], [2, 0]]
print(has_duplicates(sum(l_2d, [])))


    

    




True