In [1]:

    

from __future__ import print_function


    

In [2]:

    

'hello world #%r' % (3.14159, )


    

    
Out[2]:





'hello world #3.14159'

In [3]:

    

a = 3.1415926
str(a), repr(a)


    

    
Out[3]:





('3.1415926', '3.1415926')

In [4]:

    

a = 'ehllo'
str(a), repr(a)


    

    
Out[4]:





('ehllo', "'ehllo'")

In [5]:

    

class foo:
    '''
    Hi, this is the documentation of this class.

    This class is rather empty.
    '''
    pass


    

In [6]:

    

foo


    

    
Out[6]:





<class __main__.foo at 0xb66bff8c>

In [7]:

    

repr(foo)


    

    
Out[7]:





'<class __main__.foo at 0xb66bff8c>'

In [8]:

    

goo = foo()
goo


    

    
Out[8]:





<__main__.foo instance at 0xb4e744ac>

In [9]:

    

goo.hello = 'world'


    

In [10]:

    

dir(goo)


    

    
Out[10]:





['__doc__', '__module__', 'hello']

In [11]:

    

dir(foo)


    

    
Out[11]:





['__doc__', '__module__']

In [12]:

    

goo


    

    
Out[12]:





<__main__.foo instance at 0xb4e744ac>

In [13]:

    

help(foo)


    

    




Help on class foo in module __main__:

class foo
 |  Hi, this is the documentation of this class.
 |  
 |  This class is rather empty.

In [14]:

    

foo.__doc__


    

    
Out[14]:





'\n    Hi, this is the documentation of this class.\n\n    This class is rather empty.\n    '

In [15]:

    

a = 3
a


    

    
Out[15]:





3

In [16]:

    

def hoo(a, b):
    return a * b


    

In [17]:

    

hoo(3, 5)


    

    
Out[17]:





15

In [18]:

    

hoo('hello', 3)


    

    
Out[18]:





'hellohellohello'

In [19]:

    

'1234' * '3'


    

    




---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-19-9ca5afdc1cee> in <module>()
----> 1 '1234' * '3'

TypeError: can't multiply sequence by non-int of type 'str'

In [20]:

    

class foo:
    '''
    This is my official documentation for this stupid class.
    blah blah blah

        lasdjflasdjasd fasf as dfads fa dsf asdf

    lasdkjfaldsfsd fa dfa sd asdf a
    '''
    a = 4


    

In [21]:

    

dir(foo)


    

    
Out[21]:





['__doc__', '__module__', 'a']

In [22]:

    

foo.a


    

    
Out[22]:





4

In [23]:

    

a


    

    
Out[23]:





3

In [24]:

    

foo.__doc__


    

    
Out[24]:





'\n    This is my official documentation for this stupid class.\n    blah blah blah\n\n        lasdjflasdjasd fasf as dfads fa dsf asdf\n\n    lasdkjfaldsfsd fa dfa sd asdf a\n    '

In [25]:

    

foo.__module__


    

    
Out[25]:





'__main__'

In [26]:

    

foo.doc = 'no problem'


    

In [27]:

    

dir(foo)


    

    
Out[27]:





['__doc__', '__module__', 'a', 'doc']

In [28]:

    

foo.__doc__


    

    
Out[28]:





'\n    This is my official documentation for this stupid class.\n    blah blah blah\n\n        lasdjflasdjasd fasf as dfads fa dsf asdf\n\n    lasdkjfaldsfsd fa dfa sd asdf a\n    '

In [29]:

    

foo.doc


    

    
Out[29]:





'no problem'

In [30]:

    

foo.module = 1234


    

In [31]:

    

dir(foo)


    

    
Out[31]:





['__doc__', '__module__', 'a', 'doc', 'module']

In [32]:

    

foo.module


    

    
Out[32]:





1234

In [33]:

    

foo.__module__


    

    
Out[33]:





'__main__'

In [34]:

    

goo = foo()


    

In [35]:

    

dir(goo)


    

    
Out[35]:





['__doc__', '__module__', 'a', 'doc', 'module']

In [36]:

    

goo.a


    

    
Out[36]:





4

In [37]:

    

goo.b = 'laksjdf'


    

In [38]:

    

dir(goo)


    

    
Out[38]:





['__doc__', '__module__', 'a', 'b', 'doc', 'module']

In [39]:

    

goo.b


    

    
Out[39]:





'laksjdf'

In [40]:

    

goo.a


    

    
Out[40]:





4

In [41]:

    

goo.__dict__


    

    
Out[41]:





{'b': 'laksjdf'}

In [42]:

    

foo.__dict__


    

    
Out[42]:





{'__doc__': '\n    This is my official documentation for this stupid class.\n    blah blah blah\n\n        lasdjflasdjasd fasf as dfads fa dsf asdf\n\n    lasdkjfaldsfsd fa dfa sd asdf a\n    ',
 '__module__': '__main__',
 'a': 4,
 'doc': 'no problem',
 'module': 1234}

In [43]:

    

goo.a = 5000


    

In [44]:

    

goo.__dict__


    

    
Out[44]:





{'a': 5000, 'b': 'laksjdf'}

In [45]:

    

foo.a


    

    
Out[45]:





4

In [46]:

    

a


    

    
Out[46]:





3

In [47]:

    

hoo = foo()
hoo.a = 6000


    

In [48]:

    

print(a, foo.a, goo.a, hoo.a)


    

    




3 4 5000 6000

In [49]:

    

class Employee:
    '''
    first_name, last_name, hourly_rate, hours_worked
    '''
    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, hourly_rate):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name
        self.hourly_rate = hourly_rate
        self.hours_worked = 0
    
    def add_time(self, time):
        self.hours_worked += time
        
    def __str__(self):
        return 'Mr. %s %s makes $%d per hour.' % (self.first_name, self.last_name, self.hourly_rate)


    

In [50]:

    

Employee.__dict__


    

    
Out[50]:





{'__doc__': '\n    first_name, last_name, hourly_rate, hours_worked\n    ',
 '__init__': <function __main__.__init__>,
 '__module__': '__main__',
 '__str__': <function __main__.__str__>,
 'add_time': <function __main__.add_time>}

In [51]:

    

bob = Employee('Robert', 'Fripp', 15.00)


    

In [52]:

    

bob.__dict__


    

    
Out[52]:





{'first_name': 'Robert',
 'hourly_rate': 15.0,
 'hours_worked': 0,
 'last_name': 'Fripp'}

In [53]:

    

bob.__doc__


    

    
Out[53]:





'\n    first_name, last_name, hourly_rate, hours_worked\n    '

In [54]:

    

bob.first_name


    

    
Out[54]:





'Robert'

In [55]:

    

bob.last_name


    

    
Out[55]:





'Fripp'

In [56]:

    

bob.add_time(5.00)


    

In [57]:

    

bob.__dict__


    

    
Out[57]:





{'first_name': 'Robert',
 'hourly_rate': 15.0,
 'hours_worked': 5.0,
 'last_name': 'Fripp'}

In [58]:

    

bob.add_time(1.23)
bob.__dict__


    

    
Out[58]:





{'first_name': 'Robert',
 'hourly_rate': 15.0,
 'hours_worked': 6.23,
 'last_name': 'Fripp'}

In [59]:

    

customer_number_9 = Employee('Evan', 'Wagner', 75.00)
customer_number_9.__dict__


    

    
Out[59]:





{'first_name': 'Evan',
 'hourly_rate': 75.0,
 'hours_worked': 0,
 'last_name': 'Wagner'}

In [60]:

    

customer_number_9.add_time(123)
customer_number_9.__dict__


    

    
Out[60]:





{'first_name': 'Evan',
 'hourly_rate': 75.0,
 'hours_worked': 123,
 'last_name': 'Wagner'}

In [61]:

    

bob.__dict__


    

    
Out[61]:





{'first_name': 'Robert',
 'hourly_rate': 15.0,
 'hours_worked': 6.23,
 'last_name': 'Fripp'}

In [62]:

    

class Customer:
    '''
    first_name, last_name
    '''
    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name):
        self.first_name = first_name
        self.last_name = last_name


    

In [63]:

    

jack = Customer('jack', 'sprat')


    

In [64]:

    

jack.__dict__


    

    
Out[64]:





{'first_name': 'jack', 'last_name': 'sprat'}

In [65]:

    

str(jack)


    

    
Out[65]:





'<__main__.Customer instance at 0xb2aa302c>'

In [66]:

    

str(bob)


    

    
Out[66]:





'Mr. Robert Fripp makes $15 per hour.'

In [67]:

    

str(customer_number_9)


    

    
Out[67]:





'Mr. Evan Wagner makes $75 per hour.'

In [68]:

    

def get_earnings(self):
    return self.hourly_rate * self.hours_worked
Employee.get_earnings = get_earnings
Employee.__dict__


    

    
Out[68]:





{'__doc__': '\n    first_name, last_name, hourly_rate, hours_worked\n    ',
 '__init__': <function __main__.__init__>,
 '__module__': '__main__',
 '__str__': <function __main__.__str__>,
 'add_time': <function __main__.add_time>,
 'get_earnings': <function __main__.get_earnings>}

In [69]:

    

bob.__dict__, bob.get_earnings()


    

    
Out[69]:





({'first_name': 'Robert',
  'hourly_rate': 15.0,
  'hours_worked': 6.23,
  'last_name': 'Fripp'},
 93.45)

In [70]:

    

customer_number_9.__dict__, customer_number_9.get_earnings()


    

    
Out[70]:





({'first_name': 'Evan',
  'hourly_rate': 75.0,
  'hours_worked': 123,
  'last_name': 'Wagner'},
 9225.0)