In [3]:
#importing scikit-learn datasets package and the PCA package
from sklearn import datasets
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
iris = datasets.load_iris()
m = PCA()
In [5]:
#fit the model with X
m.fit(iris.data,iris.target)
Out[5]:
PCA(copy=True, iterated_power='auto', n_components=None, random_state=None,
svd_solver='auto', tol=0.0, whiten=False)
In [6]:
#fit the model with X and apply dimensionality reduction on X
m.fit_transform(iris.data,iris.target)
Out[6]:
array([[ -2.68420713e+00, 3.26607315e-01, -2.15118370e-02,
1.00615724e-03],
[ -2.71539062e+00, -1.69556848e-01, -2.03521425e-01,
9.96024240e-02],
[ -2.88981954e+00, -1.37345610e-01, 2.47092410e-02,
1.93045428e-02],
[ -2.74643720e+00, -3.11124316e-01, 3.76719753e-02,
-7.59552741e-02],
[ -2.72859298e+00, 3.33924564e-01, 9.62296998e-02,
-6.31287327e-02],
[ -2.27989736e+00, 7.47782713e-01, 1.74325619e-01,
-2.71468037e-02],
[ -2.82089068e+00, -8.21045110e-02, 2.64251085e-01,
-5.00996251e-02],
[ -2.62648199e+00, 1.70405349e-01, -1.58015103e-02,
-4.62817610e-02],
[ -2.88795857e+00, -5.70798026e-01, 2.73354061e-02,
-2.66154143e-02],
[ -2.67384469e+00, -1.06691704e-01, -1.91533300e-01,
-5.58909660e-02],
[ -2.50652679e+00, 6.51935014e-01, -6.92749958e-02,
-1.66082478e-02],
[ -2.61314272e+00, 2.15206320e-02, 1.07650353e-01,
-1.57704569e-01],
[ -2.78743398e+00, -2.27740189e-01, -2.00327788e-01,
-7.23508674e-03],
[ -3.22520045e+00, -5.03279909e-01, 6.84136292e-02,
-2.19466641e-02],
[ -2.64354322e+00, 1.18619490e+00, -1.44505704e-01,
1.56980962e-01],
[ -2.38386932e+00, 1.34475434e+00, 2.83730664e-01,
1.92618171e-03],
[ -2.62252620e+00, 8.18089675e-01, 1.45315989e-01,
1.64740791e-01],
[ -2.64832273e+00, 3.19136668e-01, 3.33942541e-02,
7.61182133e-02],
[ -2.19907796e+00, 8.79244088e-01, -1.14521465e-01,
2.53269397e-02],
[ -2.58734619e+00, 5.20473639e-01, 2.19572088e-01,
-6.90819912e-02],
[ -2.31053170e+00, 3.97867822e-01, -2.33695607e-01,
-1.53237396e-02],
[ -2.54323491e+00, 4.40031755e-01, 2.14836370e-01,
3.84395001e-02],
[ -3.21585769e+00, 1.41615572e-01, 2.99618982e-01,
1.85704335e-03],
[ -2.30312854e+00, 1.05522678e-01, 4.56800413e-02,
1.47245500e-01],
[ -2.35617109e+00, -3.12095891e-02, 1.29407576e-01,
-3.01620265e-01],
[ -2.50791723e+00, -1.39056340e-01, -2.47116338e-01,
3.53840813e-02],
[ -2.46905600e+00, 1.37887315e-01, 1.01263079e-01,
5.59704524e-02],
[ -2.56239095e+00, 3.74684563e-01, -7.23591574e-02,
-1.52402868e-02],
[ -2.63982127e+00, 3.19290066e-01, -1.39253374e-01,
6.51410472e-02],
[ -2.63284791e+00, -1.90075831e-01, 4.64664636e-02,
-1.24611153e-01],
[ -2.58846205e+00, -1.97393079e-01, -7.12750731e-02,
-6.04762634e-02],
[ -2.41007734e+00, 4.18080008e-01, -1.38388240e-01,
2.30844170e-01],
[ -2.64763667e+00, 8.19982633e-01, 2.30585604e-01,
-2.84808954e-01],
[ -2.59715948e+00, 1.10002193e+00, 1.63581913e-01,
-9.89580706e-02],
[ -2.67384469e+00, -1.06691704e-01, -1.91533300e-01,
-5.58909660e-02],
[ -2.86699985e+00, 7.71930957e-02, -1.56842350e-01,
1.62452806e-01],
[ -2.62522846e+00, 6.06800008e-01, -2.61163156e-01,
1.75879875e-01],
[ -2.67384469e+00, -1.06691704e-01, -1.91533300e-01,
-5.58909660e-02],
[ -2.98184266e+00, -4.80250049e-01, 7.97248074e-02,
-1.10529508e-02],
[ -2.59032303e+00, 2.36059337e-01, -7.39012382e-02,
-1.45563062e-02],
[ -2.77013891e+00, 2.71059420e-01, 8.42415745e-02,
9.23646573e-02],
[ -2.85221108e+00, -9.32865367e-01, -3.40961491e-01,
3.22650607e-01],
[ -2.99829644e+00, -3.34307575e-01, 1.99008425e-01,
-7.58718213e-02],
[ -2.40551410e+00, 1.95917258e-01, 2.70717070e-01,
1.73785129e-01],
[ -2.20883295e+00, 4.42696030e-01, 3.03487809e-01,
-1.85857530e-01],
[ -2.71566519e+00, -2.42681483e-01, -9.05156060e-02,
1.42989025e-01],
[ -2.53757337e+00, 5.10367545e-01, 1.71918404e-01,
-1.92165946e-01],
[ -2.84032130e+00, -2.20576338e-01, 9.00613765e-02,
-6.03928106e-02],
[ -2.54268576e+00, 5.86281025e-01, -1.11752678e-02,
-4.83337025e-02],
[ -2.70391231e+00, 1.15010852e-01, -8.26957266e-02,
3.40995730e-02],
[ 1.28479459e+00, 6.85439186e-01, -4.06129553e-01,
1.92901169e-02],
[ 9.32410753e-01, 3.19198090e-01, -1.71299092e-02,
-6.75794171e-06],
[ 1.46406132e+00, 5.04189833e-01, -3.38260728e-01,
-8.57644048e-04],
[ 1.80967206e-01, -8.25603944e-01, -1.77082856e-01,
9.57844484e-02],
[ 1.08713449e+00, 7.53903893e-02, -3.06544465e-01,
1.13384539e-01],
[ 6.40436750e-01, -4.17323483e-01, 4.11887694e-02,
-2.42671312e-01],
[ 1.09522371e+00, 2.83891211e-01, 1.70022534e-01,
-8.49733893e-02],
[ -7.51467141e-01, -1.00110751e+00, 1.56721942e-02,
-1.65105922e-02],
[ 1.04329778e+00, 2.28956909e-01, -4.14814566e-01,
-3.75235536e-02],
[ -1.01900707e-02, -7.20574867e-01, 2.83437246e-01,
-5.94570198e-03],
[ -5.11086196e-01, -1.26249195e+00, -2.66489954e-01,
4.89088061e-02],
[ 5.11098061e-01, -1.02284105e-01, 1.32327890e-01,
5.01005352e-02],
[ 2.62335756e-01, -5.47893298e-01, -6.91941578e-01,
6.14849891e-02],
[ 9.84044545e-01, -1.24360420e-01, -6.21574276e-02,
-1.69010670e-01],
[ -1.74864002e-01, -2.51815571e-01, 9.36586382e-02,
1.24940887e-01],
[ 9.27572942e-01, 4.68236205e-01, -3.13229401e-01,
1.00438884e-01],
[ 6.59592789e-01, -3.51976291e-01, 3.28384297e-01,
-1.88991525e-01],
[ 2.34540586e-01, -3.31921829e-01, -2.70280671e-01,
-2.11984995e-01],
[ 9.42361707e-01, -5.41822258e-01, -4.97348541e-01,
2.60636685e-01],
[ 4.32464003e-02, -5.81489447e-01, -2.32963556e-01,
-3.95611807e-02],
[ 1.11624072e+00, -8.42140139e-02, 4.59844227e-01,
-7.72135596e-02],
[ 3.56786568e-01, -6.68238279e-02, -2.27472180e-01,
1.24090000e-01],
[ 1.29646885e+00, -3.27561520e-01, -3.47513213e-01,
3.24623910e-03],
[ 9.20502649e-01, -1.82390363e-01, -2.31611419e-01,
-2.86825347e-01],
[ 7.14008214e-01, 1.50379153e-01, -3.20372333e-01,
4.29412332e-02],
[ 8.99640863e-01, 3.29610980e-01, -3.14771481e-01,
1.01122865e-01],
[ 1.33104142e+00, 2.44669521e-01, -5.21244925e-01,
3.75050497e-02],
[ 1.55739627e+00, 2.67392585e-01, -1.64638491e-01,
7.03530951e-02],
[ 8.12455549e-01, -1.62331575e-01, 3.63435763e-02,
-2.96802711e-02],
[ -3.07334756e-01, -3.65086613e-01, -3.15337197e-01,
7.65303776e-02],
[ -7.03428889e-02, -7.02537932e-01, -2.41758045e-01,
9.09469852e-03],
[ -1.91884492e-01, -6.77490544e-01, -3.03916543e-01,
-1.80454588e-02],
[ 1.34994950e-01, -3.11709643e-01, -1.74973304e-01,
3.41829142e-02],
[ 1.37873698e+00, -4.21205138e-01, 1.54804951e-02,
-1.77580737e-01],
[ 5.87274854e-01, -4.83284268e-01, 4.44583753e-01,
-2.52442435e-01],
[ 8.07205497e-01, 1.95053964e-01, 3.89458711e-01,
-1.16615391e-01],
[ 1.22042897e+00, 4.08035337e-01, -2.36566087e-01,
3.16352440e-02],
[ 8.12867790e-01, -3.70678998e-01, -6.12871050e-01,
1.57700491e-01],
[ 2.45195162e-01, -2.66728036e-01, 1.89562485e-01,
-1.47328042e-01],
[ 1.64513428e-01, -6.79661469e-01, -5.77992388e-02,
3.09655779e-02],
[ 4.63030989e-01, -6.69526547e-01, -2.40538909e-02,
-2.68443508e-01],
[ 8.90160446e-01, -3.38124427e-02, -9.76802637e-03,
-1.53448206e-01],
[ 2.28879050e-01, -4.02257620e-01, -2.27362705e-01,
1.86204508e-02],
[ -7.07081284e-01, -1.00842476e+00, -1.02069343e-01,
4.76242978e-02],
[ 3.55533039e-01, -5.03218487e-01, 1.78894659e-02,
-9.80716353e-02],
[ 3.31126947e-01, -2.11180141e-01, 8.38090732e-02,
-2.38686542e-01],
[ 3.75238229e-01, -2.91622025e-01, 7.90733555e-02,
-1.31165051e-01],
[ 6.41690278e-01, 1.90711765e-02, -2.04172877e-01,
-2.05096763e-02],
[ -9.08463333e-01, -7.51568725e-01, -7.73658451e-03,
2.33558634e-01],
[ 2.97807907e-01, -3.47016522e-01, 1.21791392e-02,
-5.07837171e-02],
[ 2.53172698e+00, -1.18422366e-02, 7.58458652e-01,
-3.25995685e-02],
[ 1.41407223e+00, -5.74925056e-01, 2.96398224e-01,
-1.56954783e-02],
[ 2.61648461e+00, 3.41935287e-01, -1.12141371e-01,
6.59560495e-02],
[ 1.97081495e+00, -1.81125695e-01, 1.06539149e-01,
-2.36858625e-01],
[ 2.34975798e+00, -4.18825497e-02, 2.84110681e-01,
-1.31272400e-03],
[ 3.39687992e+00, 5.47168046e-01, -3.51873158e-01,
-1.11219968e-01],
[ 5.19383245e-01, -1.19135169e+00, 5.46685531e-01,
-9.87984199e-02],
[ 2.93200510e+00, 3.52377006e-01, -4.23691278e-01,
-2.55407369e-01],
[ 2.31967279e+00, -2.45548171e-01, -3.49922183e-01,
-7.62628625e-02],
[ 2.91813423e+00, 7.80380629e-01, 4.21738934e-01,
1.07729319e-01],
[ 1.66193495e+00, 2.42038401e-01, 2.42815263e-01,
1.19447585e-01],
[ 1.80234045e+00, -2.16154607e-01, -3.76953285e-02,
7.87134526e-02],
[ 2.16537886e+00, 2.15280283e-01, 3.31481832e-02,
1.62667280e-01],
[ 1.34459422e+00, -7.76415425e-01, 2.82868018e-01,
1.40481892e-01],
[ 1.58526730e+00, -5.39307054e-01, 6.30570488e-01,
3.27455367e-01],
[ 1.90474358e+00, 1.18818991e-01, 4.80138080e-01,
2.17114500e-01],
[ 1.94924878e+00, 4.07302594e-02, 4.27290939e-02,
-1.57845252e-01],
[ 3.48876538e+00, 1.17154454e+00, 1.29320083e-01,
-3.11629838e-01],
[ 3.79468686e+00, 2.53265571e-01, -5.16970716e-01,
5.64516435e-02],
[ 1.29832982e+00, -7.61013937e-01, -3.44887047e-01,
-4.26737181e-02],
[ 2.42816726e+00, 3.76781971e-01, 2.18649070e-01,
1.83854179e-01],
[ 1.19809737e+00, -6.05578962e-01, 5.12640765e-01,
5.95000305e-02],
[ 3.49926548e+00, 4.56773467e-01, -5.76910187e-01,
-1.37759598e-01],
[ 1.38766825e+00, -2.04030987e-01, -6.35113218e-02,
1.63763537e-01],
[ 2.27585365e+00, 3.33386526e-01, 2.84678153e-01,
-6.22302776e-02],
[ 2.61419383e+00, 5.58366950e-01, -2.08423347e-01,
-2.40445433e-01],
[ 1.25762518e+00, -1.79136997e-01, 4.69778074e-02,
1.47600546e-01],
[ 1.29066965e+00, -1.16425252e-01, 2.31613561e-01,
3.08432157e-03],
[ 2.12285398e+00, -2.10854885e-01, 1.53515885e-01,
5.26124332e-02],
[ 2.38756440e+00, 4.62519251e-01, -4.52023961e-01,
-2.29906877e-01],
[ 2.84096093e+00, 3.72742591e-01, -5.01031539e-01,
-2.02166254e-02],
[ 3.23234290e+00, 1.37052404e+00, -1.18448777e-01,
-2.54487344e-01],
[ 2.15873837e+00, -2.18325532e-01, 2.08421976e-01,
1.27724489e-01],
[ 1.44310260e+00, -1.43801289e-01, -1.54082971e-01,
-1.89925864e-01],
[ 1.77964011e+00, -5.01464795e-01, -1.75811186e-01,
-5.03529453e-01],
[ 3.07652162e+00, 6.85764442e-01, -3.36422741e-01,
3.10589092e-01],
[ 2.14498686e+00, 1.38906609e-01, 7.34184739e-01,
5.17665351e-02],
[ 1.90486293e+00, 4.80475082e-02, 1.60470631e-01,
-2.21980142e-01],
[ 1.16885347e+00, -1.64502500e-01, 2.82460881e-01,
1.93307656e-02],
[ 2.10765373e+00, 3.71482249e-01, 2.74378565e-02,
2.09955199e-01],
[ 2.31430339e+00, 1.82608851e-01, 3.22860401e-01,
2.75896660e-01],
[ 1.92245088e+00, 4.09271176e-01, 1.15492816e-01,
5.04095007e-01],
[ 1.41407223e+00, -5.74925056e-01, 2.96398224e-01,
-1.56954783e-02],
[ 2.56332271e+00, 2.75974502e-01, 2.91253613e-01,
5.61849270e-02],
[ 2.41939122e+00, 3.03503938e-01, 5.04302517e-01,
2.38217947e-01],
[ 1.94401705e+00, 1.87415222e-01, 1.79302871e-01,
4.25081634e-01],
[ 1.52566363e+00, -3.75020848e-01, -1.20636441e-01,
2.55722565e-01],
[ 1.76404594e+00, 7.85191864e-02, 1.30784053e-01,
1.36294556e-01],
[ 1.90162908e+00, 1.15876748e-01, 7.22873561e-01,
4.08728218e-02],
[ 1.38966613e+00, -2.82886709e-01, 3.62317832e-01,
-1.56310385e-01]])
In [8]:
#computing the data covariance with the generative model
m.get_covariance()
Out[8]:
array([[ 0.68112222, -0.03900667, 1.26519111, 0.51345778],
[-0.03900667, 0.18675067, -0.319568 , -0.11719467],
[ 1.26519111, -0.319568 , 3.09242489, 1.28774489],
[ 0.51345778, -0.11719467, 1.28774489, 0.57853156]])
In [9]:
#list parameters for PCA
m.get_params()
Out[9]:
{'copy': True,
'iterated_power': 'auto',
'n_components': None,
'random_state': None,
'svd_solver': 'auto',
'tol': 0.0,
'whiten': False}
In [11]:
#compute data precision matrix with the generative model
m.get_precision()
Out[11]:
array([[ 10.42854456, -6.82928093, -7.41535129, 5.866764 ],
[ -6.82928093, 11.23979187, 6.61358719, -6.38309526],
[ -7.41535129, 6.61358719, 10.15296823, -14.67834541],
[ 5.866764 , -6.38309526, -14.67834541, 27.90092226]])
In [12]:
#transform the data to its original format
m.inverse_transform(iris.data,iris.target)
Out[12]:
array([[ 9.235385 , 5.95858841, 7.5175884 , 3.68620743],
[ 8.83479712, 5.61018601, 7.43415768, 3.65179188],
[ 8.95188689, 5.71294045, 7.22043737, 3.51017571],
[ 8.73387448, 5.76747972, 7.16686172, 3.59157415],
[ 9.26488002, 6.03978654, 7.41435445, 3.64285239],
[ 9.49562958, 6.33989925, 7.6300665 , 4.07892041],
[ 9.02066162, 5.89434219, 7.05890719, 3.58936817],
[ 9.07547231, 5.95348587, 7.45676034, 3.71269978],
[ 8.58834829, 5.57834921, 7.02344837, 3.47984057],
[ 8.81062593, 5.77520849, 7.47180525, 3.62411527],
[ 9.41707015, 6.13949203, 7.74665896, 3.83382541],
[ 8.94505465, 6.02958146, 7.29269832, 3.69583708],
[ 8.7669127 , 5.65082233, 7.39647237, 3.54079543],
[ 8.76041704, 5.51303135, 6.94642909, 3.1966552 ],
[ 9.93296717, 6.14657276, 8.01480036, 3.79023276],
[ 10.04857588, 6.56079115, 7.78464961, 4.03940817],
[ 9.72802849, 6.10133202, 7.60105687, 3.85929604],
[ 9.26711045, 5.92617898, 7.4696165 , 3.76131949],
[ 9.50672704, 6.27465678, 7.95258677, 4.11893218],
[ 9.40597269, 6.2047345 , 7.42413869, 3.79381364],
[ 9.10390873, 6.03986194, 7.81389399, 3.96604953],
[ 9.37204416, 6.09935383, 7.39374353, 3.87639634],
[ 9.35264306, 5.83412686, 7.04271598, 3.27969046],
[ 9.0249542 , 5.89434306, 7.43058341, 4.09120317],
[ 8.77075547, 6.20850689, 7.31445555, 3.86055536],
[ 8.75475663, 5.72124273, 7.53431971, 3.79748846],
[ 9.08082349, 5.94830881, 7.36806895, 3.91782998],
[ 9.21344424, 6.01000333, 7.61049802, 3.77699792],
[ 9.20588998, 5.87739029, 7.62082235, 3.72956247],
[ 8.77758771, 5.89186588, 7.24219459, 3.67489398],
[ 8.74809268, 5.81066775, 7.34542854, 3.71824902],
[ 9.28355909, 5.85575945, 7.70344538, 4.00646146],
[ 9.57564271, 6.48024019, 7.55300947, 3.65706198],
[ 9.83959879, 6.43647952, 7.73718006, 3.77745047],
[ 8.81062593, 5.77520849, 7.47180525, 3.62411527],
[ 9.11846352, 5.62861797, 7.4701566 , 3.5629228 ],
[ 9.4381206 , 5.86603905, 7.85296483, 3.77483891],
[ 8.81062593, 5.77520849, 7.47180525, 3.62411527],
[ 8.71210201, 5.59167864, 6.99861922, 3.41746383],
[ 9.11163128, 5.94525899, 7.54241755, 3.74858417],
[ 9.28905121, 5.87476406, 7.37670688, 3.670529 ],
[ 8.32040851, 5.04024366, 7.15934171, 3.58075481],
[ 8.84340999, 5.73762112, 6.96346574, 3.40252253],
[ 9.20992839, 5.95646118, 7.25454841, 4.06058345],
[ 9.20529923, 6.4108923 , 7.40517642, 4.08855006],
[ 8.83036361, 5.58600346, 7.30052857, 3.69101955],
[ 9.31614751, 6.29678574, 7.47936299, 3.77360767],
[ 8.85762819, 5.78080915, 7.14203257, 3.52919741],
[ 9.38091118, 6.14771892, 7.66100175, 3.79794101],
[ 9.06791805, 5.82087283, 7.46708467, 3.66526433],
[ 8.18885785, 7.16263028, 8.86147229, 7.10366851],
[ 8.11982896, 7.06029856, 8.28505231, 6.85366203],
[ 8.0025709 , 7.18476011, 8.75992473, 7.260179 ],
[ 7.43056008, 6.24420925, 7.73200984, 6.17318375],
[ 7.83527224, 6.81982853, 8.44826889, 6.9743351 ],
[ 7.54064932, 6.8908207 , 7.85170259, 6.48212976],
[ 8.06484998, 7.22837087, 8.14835127, 6.99523123],
[ 7.590782 , 6.04627747, 7.29363868, 5.34072794],
[ 7.87363429, 6.94939175, 8.61229316, 6.85252473],
[ 7.67452432, 6.46872362, 7.34950694, 6.05585395],
[ 7.24812555, 5.86544925, 7.46410766, 5.51630711],
[ 7.98202533, 6.7765651 , 7.87016251, 6.52446309],
[ 7.45052457, 6.22733188, 8.32178833, 6.13474019],
[ 7.66646518, 7.01775857, 8.14328761, 6.80312092],
[ 8.09304189, 6.43524255, 7.68319697, 5.9446199 ],
[ 8.18902614, 6.93541428, 8.60032017, 6.83876771],
[ 7.69924924, 6.9801712 , 7.6349481 , 6.58152818],
[ 7.64837685, 6.66828365, 8.06984261, 6.08052426],
[ 7.39097114, 6.34703997, 8.28950529, 6.85659971],
[ 7.59267585, 6.3871019 , 7.87120496, 5.98899665],
[ 7.8599113 , 7.18313013, 7.73460778, 7.06429451],
[ 7.97578383, 6.5597041 , 8.1580694 , 6.35113687],
[ 7.39169316, 6.79629402, 8.35144191, 7.08969653],
[ 7.53736028, 7.0096062 , 8.25680815, 6.66036745],
[ 7.97561554, 6.7869201 , 8.41922151, 6.61603768],
[ 8.08721319, 6.87066993, 8.5322397 , 6.81035396],
[ 7.79582424, 6.94684092, 8.76771723, 7.1166884 ],
[ 7.86995015, 7.12306559, 8.51749566, 7.40101107],
[ 7.77823112, 6.8742924 , 7.99515369, 6.7325364 ],
[ 7.89516226, 6.24568845, 7.95824769, 5.72267397],
[ 7.54896262, 6.26271574, 7.79587208, 5.90567681],
[ 7.57533689, 6.23548337, 7.83659157, 5.77565866],
[ 7.82802721, 6.48418116, 7.959394 , 6.12093619],
[ 7.33005023, 7.05379135, 8.02584971, 7.1520263 ],
[ 7.6269313 , 6.99662498, 7.46363368, 6.5097594 ],
[ 8.13822652, 7.20673916, 7.85929809, 6.77029522],
[ 8.04645242, 7.08193027, 8.5741055 , 7.07859804],
[ 7.48743291, 6.41696138, 8.44627715, 6.67988326],
[ 7.86819724, 6.80642283, 7.70188227, 6.21167971],
[ 7.56186806, 6.39015173, 7.69685636, 6.15824246],
[ 7.36339768, 6.73409964, 7.75626114, 6.29528412],
[ 7.79021889, 7.031088 , 8.11845846, 6.74074418],
[ 7.7042735 , 6.47085173, 7.98422315, 6.18331293],
[ 7.56128698, 5.96507934, 7.39687263, 5.38408298],
[ 7.61313555, 6.64715093, 7.7618649 , 6.28899774],
[ 7.81453103, 6.89024719, 7.84276379, 6.22735813],
[ 7.78060249, 6.78486652, 7.81236863, 6.30994084],
[ 7.9032976 , 6.80337388, 8.24790709, 6.54426889],
[ 7.93477856, 5.89146007, 7.37764724, 5.31541986],
[ 7.77304823, 6.65225347, 7.82269296, 6.26250539],
[ 7.5950826 , 7.71202947, 7.81088548, 8.38501892],
[ 7.35290866, 6.97301682, 7.7106196 , 7.30559368],
[ 7.61859029, 7.49729657, 8.73350858, 8.33915168],
[ 7.34278738, 7.40844333, 8.18798611, 7.66949275],
[ 7.49146167, 7.45460666, 8.16434101, 8.14405129],
[ 7.39268703, 7.87365479, 9.21256148, 8.90291628],
[ 7.18131743, 6.60808436, 7.02728754, 6.51791478],
[ 7.29767896, 7.7436671 , 9.09532506, 8.41267931],
[ 7.10860784, 7.20293444, 8.61542672, 7.95272509],
[ 8.05937555, 7.91654298, 8.53632256, 8.7404726 ],
[ 7.96601683, 7.24787535, 8.17436447, 7.59454325],
[ 7.45366301, 7.0429391 , 8.23906768, 7.63071222],
[ 7.7425123 , 7.28341001, 8.44752731, 8.01187414],
[ 7.2752669 , 6.74324999, 7.60489156, 7.30485655],
[ 7.57718992, 6.88394088, 7.45318336, 7.67368331],
[ 7.90883477, 7.27815755, 7.95929638, 7.89380721],
[ 7.53885903, 7.40531898, 8.33447138, 7.67888479],
[ 7.92770363, 8.47643017, 9.11688528, 9.00905365],
[ 7.05538177, 7.68764951, 9.29433908, 9.28362565],
[ 7.02815456, 6.66170279, 8.15445291, 7.05936138],
[ 7.8572307 , 7.47559034, 8.41659206, 8.29285353],
[ 7.49416962, 6.91074878, 7.45925172, 7.19165412],
[ 7.20771284, 7.81153667, 9.38859648, 8.93353601],
[ 7.6181775 , 6.84500819, 8.17237273, 7.3000914 ],
[ 7.78711584, 7.62983422, 8.3236447 , 8.06338999],
[ 7.63278114, 7.79188227, 8.93518041, 8.1896647 ],
[ 7.70577225, 6.86656451, 8.06188638, 7.20183027],
[ 7.74282153, 7.08037568, 7.94832809, 7.20591068],
[ 7.40846872, 7.2300169 , 8.14730436, 7.93818396],
[ 7.55422171, 7.59147505, 9.05177287, 7.9445697 ],
[ 7.41610885, 7.51077592, 9.1360823 , 8.42133422],
[ 8.11086984, 8.34586984, 9.36238627, 8.76588005],
[ 7.44019418, 7.19760746, 8.09933246, 8.01329601],
[ 7.47245567, 7.13449135, 8.3132165 , 7.17709677],
[ 6.94660566, 7.33562114, 8.2612895 , 7.31968768],
[ 7.78279555, 7.50239999, 9.16601286, 8.81449433],
[ 7.86141005, 7.5788429 , 7.81227101, 8.08281185],
[ 7.56835405, 7.48651711, 8.23123743, 7.63552975],
[ 7.76476229, 7.02896076, 7.85541847, 7.11512019],
[ 7.90242498, 7.28851255, 8.50835538, 7.9853818 ],
[ 7.80908396, 7.32702164, 8.20763007, 8.24876136],
[ 8.14017508, 7.04476825, 8.39065436, 7.97088763],
[ 7.35290866, 6.97301682, 7.7106196 , 7.30559368],
[ 7.70487227, 7.60310085, 8.34543967, 8.36678132],
[ 7.91401766, 7.50019648, 8.1317571 , 8.36383821],
[ 7.94410343, 7.0478926 , 8.24416908, 7.96149559],
[ 7.46049525, 6.72629809, 8.16680672, 7.44505085],
[ 7.77660913, 7.16157468, 8.21677036, 7.66439063],
[ 7.90972508, 7.50019561, 7.76008088, 7.86200322],
[ 7.55430414, 7.21611308, 7.79151849, 7.24395407]])
In [13]:
#return the average log-likelihood of all samples
m.score(iris.data,iris.target)
Out[13]:
-2.5302867696054991
In [15]:
#return the log-likelihood of all samples
m.score_samples(iris.data)
Out[15]:
array([-1.61334197, -1.94486944, -1.57627913, -1.761816 , -1.79308246,
-2.52195731, -1.99332074, -1.45964052, -2.22081092, -1.70729025,
-2.19858601, -1.94769608, -1.82212803, -2.33614138, -4.94421941,
-5.48105559, -3.45255672, -1.70782471, -2.81051042, -2.30123076,
-1.85033671, -2.03050603, -2.37962259, -1.6595867 , -3.23464502,
-1.73788746, -1.42842462, -1.64276606, -1.78687046, -1.77510623,
-1.51981512, -2.84087749, -4.82744467, -4.22793965, -1.70729025,
-2.24057516, -3.21116247, -1.70729025, -2.11220884, -1.48500271,
-1.82402453, -6.26559638, -2.2097963 , -2.41114242, -2.84338312,
-2.01838798, -2.81303089, -1.7220656 , -2.06524591, -1.49738606,
-2.76842158, -0.84745947, -2.04735512, -2.34653528, -1.55851234,
-2.20353838, -1.17943283, -2.68743082, -1.90183484, -2.12492583,
-4.37940358, -0.74874397, -4.31169665, -1.30966705, -1.05369873,
-1.93169518, -2.28994058, -2.18914174, -4.27550977, -1.61426663,
-2.17567186, -1.21369362, -1.72785205, -2.79276034, -1.33514165,
-1.70493406, -2.63728603, -1.24678183, -0.69087598, -1.58039716,
-1.93285511, -2.08741476, -0.95543957, -1.79718686, -3.67815685,
-1.94829755, -1.43370548, -3.83083973, -1.37695005, -1.5351662 ,
-3.0225806 , -1.1281312 , -1.211492 , -2.81789124, -1.27800073,
-1.89190226, -1.12951097, -0.85626167, -2.96209738, -0.84683824,
-5.00436384, -2.02373271, -1.76194942, -2.32635964, -1.7092201 ,
-3.58373421, -5.6348692 , -4.34969742, -2.20517565, -4.19707366,
-1.66227445, -1.15518939, -1.75466274, -2.93064143, -6.26187291,
-3.47151945, -1.52766825, -7.00359245, -4.16009118, -2.73569537,
-2.55262095, -3.22317792, -4.95953231, -1.44206237, -1.98013689,
-3.49956812, -1.26258551, -1.10099978, -1.3694862 , -4.08715366,
-3.39844585, -7.144481 , -1.80973509, -1.74022788, -7.01702538,
-5.41091563, -4.63078798, -2.17974682, -1.26866687, -2.28800769,
-3.5237162 , -6.80502537, -2.02373271, -2.08224336, -4.25544658,
-5.10007171, -2.58300772, -1.4183098 , -4.37417136, -2.28744437])
In [17]:
#apply dimensionality reduction to X
m.transform(iris.data,iris.target)
Out[17]:
array([[ -2.68420713e+00, 3.26607315e-01, -2.15118370e-02,
1.00615724e-03],
[ -2.71539062e+00, -1.69556848e-01, -2.03521425e-01,
9.96024240e-02],
[ -2.88981954e+00, -1.37345610e-01, 2.47092410e-02,
1.93045428e-02],
[ -2.74643720e+00, -3.11124316e-01, 3.76719753e-02,
-7.59552741e-02],
[ -2.72859298e+00, 3.33924564e-01, 9.62296998e-02,
-6.31287327e-02],
[ -2.27989736e+00, 7.47782713e-01, 1.74325619e-01,
-2.71468037e-02],
[ -2.82089068e+00, -8.21045110e-02, 2.64251085e-01,
-5.00996251e-02],
[ -2.62648199e+00, 1.70405349e-01, -1.58015103e-02,
-4.62817610e-02],
[ -2.88795857e+00, -5.70798026e-01, 2.73354061e-02,
-2.66154143e-02],
[ -2.67384469e+00, -1.06691704e-01, -1.91533300e-01,
-5.58909660e-02],
[ -2.50652679e+00, 6.51935014e-01, -6.92749958e-02,
-1.66082478e-02],
[ -2.61314272e+00, 2.15206320e-02, 1.07650353e-01,
-1.57704569e-01],
[ -2.78743398e+00, -2.27740189e-01, -2.00327788e-01,
-7.23508674e-03],
[ -3.22520045e+00, -5.03279909e-01, 6.84136292e-02,
-2.19466641e-02],
[ -2.64354322e+00, 1.18619490e+00, -1.44505704e-01,
1.56980962e-01],
[ -2.38386932e+00, 1.34475434e+00, 2.83730664e-01,
1.92618171e-03],
[ -2.62252620e+00, 8.18089675e-01, 1.45315989e-01,
1.64740791e-01],
[ -2.64832273e+00, 3.19136668e-01, 3.33942541e-02,
7.61182133e-02],
[ -2.19907796e+00, 8.79244088e-01, -1.14521465e-01,
2.53269397e-02],
[ -2.58734619e+00, 5.20473639e-01, 2.19572088e-01,
-6.90819912e-02],
[ -2.31053170e+00, 3.97867822e-01, -2.33695607e-01,
-1.53237396e-02],
[ -2.54323491e+00, 4.40031755e-01, 2.14836370e-01,
3.84395001e-02],
[ -3.21585769e+00, 1.41615572e-01, 2.99618982e-01,
1.85704335e-03],
[ -2.30312854e+00, 1.05522678e-01, 4.56800413e-02,
1.47245500e-01],
[ -2.35617109e+00, -3.12095891e-02, 1.29407576e-01,
-3.01620265e-01],
[ -2.50791723e+00, -1.39056340e-01, -2.47116338e-01,
3.53840813e-02],
[ -2.46905600e+00, 1.37887315e-01, 1.01263079e-01,
5.59704524e-02],
[ -2.56239095e+00, 3.74684563e-01, -7.23591574e-02,
-1.52402868e-02],
[ -2.63982127e+00, 3.19290066e-01, -1.39253374e-01,
6.51410472e-02],
[ -2.63284791e+00, -1.90075831e-01, 4.64664636e-02,
-1.24611153e-01],
[ -2.58846205e+00, -1.97393079e-01, -7.12750731e-02,
-6.04762634e-02],
[ -2.41007734e+00, 4.18080008e-01, -1.38388240e-01,
2.30844170e-01],
[ -2.64763667e+00, 8.19982633e-01, 2.30585604e-01,
-2.84808954e-01],
[ -2.59715948e+00, 1.10002193e+00, 1.63581913e-01,
-9.89580706e-02],
[ -2.67384469e+00, -1.06691704e-01, -1.91533300e-01,
-5.58909660e-02],
[ -2.86699985e+00, 7.71930957e-02, -1.56842350e-01,
1.62452806e-01],
[ -2.62522846e+00, 6.06800008e-01, -2.61163156e-01,
1.75879875e-01],
[ -2.67384469e+00, -1.06691704e-01, -1.91533300e-01,
-5.58909660e-02],
[ -2.98184266e+00, -4.80250049e-01, 7.97248074e-02,
-1.10529508e-02],
[ -2.59032303e+00, 2.36059337e-01, -7.39012382e-02,
-1.45563062e-02],
[ -2.77013891e+00, 2.71059420e-01, 8.42415745e-02,
9.23646573e-02],
[ -2.85221108e+00, -9.32865367e-01, -3.40961491e-01,
3.22650607e-01],
[ -2.99829644e+00, -3.34307575e-01, 1.99008425e-01,
-7.58718213e-02],
[ -2.40551410e+00, 1.95917258e-01, 2.70717070e-01,
1.73785129e-01],
[ -2.20883295e+00, 4.42696030e-01, 3.03487809e-01,
-1.85857530e-01],
[ -2.71566519e+00, -2.42681483e-01, -9.05156060e-02,
1.42989025e-01],
[ -2.53757337e+00, 5.10367545e-01, 1.71918404e-01,
-1.92165946e-01],
[ -2.84032130e+00, -2.20576338e-01, 9.00613765e-02,
-6.03928106e-02],
[ -2.54268576e+00, 5.86281025e-01, -1.11752678e-02,
-4.83337025e-02],
[ -2.70391231e+00, 1.15010852e-01, -8.26957266e-02,
3.40995730e-02],
[ 1.28479459e+00, 6.85439186e-01, -4.06129553e-01,
1.92901169e-02],
[ 9.32410753e-01, 3.19198090e-01, -1.71299092e-02,
-6.75794171e-06],
[ 1.46406132e+00, 5.04189833e-01, -3.38260728e-01,
-8.57644048e-04],
[ 1.80967206e-01, -8.25603944e-01, -1.77082856e-01,
9.57844484e-02],
[ 1.08713449e+00, 7.53903893e-02, -3.06544465e-01,
1.13384539e-01],
[ 6.40436750e-01, -4.17323483e-01, 4.11887694e-02,
-2.42671312e-01],
[ 1.09522371e+00, 2.83891211e-01, 1.70022534e-01,
-8.49733893e-02],
[ -7.51467141e-01, -1.00110751e+00, 1.56721942e-02,
-1.65105922e-02],
[ 1.04329778e+00, 2.28956909e-01, -4.14814566e-01,
-3.75235536e-02],
[ -1.01900707e-02, -7.20574867e-01, 2.83437246e-01,
-5.94570198e-03],
[ -5.11086196e-01, -1.26249195e+00, -2.66489954e-01,
4.89088061e-02],
[ 5.11098061e-01, -1.02284105e-01, 1.32327890e-01,
5.01005352e-02],
[ 2.62335756e-01, -5.47893298e-01, -6.91941578e-01,
6.14849891e-02],
[ 9.84044545e-01, -1.24360420e-01, -6.21574276e-02,
-1.69010670e-01],
[ -1.74864002e-01, -2.51815571e-01, 9.36586382e-02,
1.24940887e-01],
[ 9.27572942e-01, 4.68236205e-01, -3.13229401e-01,
1.00438884e-01],
[ 6.59592789e-01, -3.51976291e-01, 3.28384297e-01,
-1.88991525e-01],
[ 2.34540586e-01, -3.31921829e-01, -2.70280671e-01,
-2.11984995e-01],
[ 9.42361707e-01, -5.41822258e-01, -4.97348541e-01,
2.60636685e-01],
[ 4.32464003e-02, -5.81489447e-01, -2.32963556e-01,
-3.95611807e-02],
[ 1.11624072e+00, -8.42140139e-02, 4.59844227e-01,
-7.72135596e-02],
[ 3.56786568e-01, -6.68238279e-02, -2.27472180e-01,
1.24090000e-01],
[ 1.29646885e+00, -3.27561520e-01, -3.47513213e-01,
3.24623910e-03],
[ 9.20502649e-01, -1.82390363e-01, -2.31611419e-01,
-2.86825347e-01],
[ 7.14008214e-01, 1.50379153e-01, -3.20372333e-01,
4.29412332e-02],
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Content source: harishkrao/Machine-Learning
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