In [1]:
import pandas as pd
import bib_parse as bp
In [2]:
pd.options.display.max_colwidth = 50
In [3]:
df = bp.bib_to_df('../bibtex/2017-02-03-sociology.bib')
In [4]:
df.columns
Out[4]:
Index(['ENTRYTYPE', 'ID', 'abstract', 'address', 'affiliation', 'author',
'author-email', 'booktitle', 'cited-references', 'doc-delivery-number',
'doi', 'editor', 'eissn', 'funding-acknowledgement', 'funding-text',
'isbn', 'issn', 'journal', 'journal-iso', 'keyword', 'keywords-plus',
'language', 'month', 'note', 'number', 'number-of-cited-references',
'orcid-numbers', 'organization', 'pages', 'publisher', 'research-areas',
'researcherid-numbers', 'series', 'times-cited', 'title', 'type',
'unique-id', 'usage-count-(last-180-days)', 'usage-count-since-2013',
'volume', 'web-of-science-categories', 'year'],
dtype='object')
In [5]:
df['times-cited'] = df['times-cited'].astype(int)
In [6]:
df = df.sort_values('times-cited', ascending=False).reset_index()
In [7]:
pd.options.display.max_colwidth = 9999999999
for i in range(df.shape[0]):
print('*' * 80)
print(df.ix[i, ['author', 'title', 'journa', 'year', 'times-cited']])
print('>')
print(df.ix[i, 'abstract'])
********************************************************************************
author Jackson, MO
title Social and Economic Networks
journa NaN
year 2008
times-cited 745
Name: 0, dtype: object
>
nan
********************************************************************************
author Watts, DJ
title The ``new{''} science of networks
journa NaN
year 2004
times-cited 311
Name: 1, dtype: object
>
In recent years, the analysis and modeling of networks, and also
networked-dynamical systems, have been the subject of considerable
interdisciplinary interest, yielding several hundred papers in physics, mathematics, computer science, biology, economics, and sociology
journals (Newman:2003c), as well as a number of books (Barabasi 2002, Buchanan 2002, Watts 2003). Here I review the major findings of this
emerging field and discuss briefly their relationship with previous work
in the social and mathematical sciences.
********************************************************************************
author Centola, Damon and Macy, Michael
title Complex contagions and the weakness of long ties
journa NaN
year 2007
times-cited 304
Name: 2, dtype: object
>
The strength of weak ties is that they tend to be long - they connect
socially distant locations, allowing information to diffuse rapidly. The
authors test whether this ``strength of weak ties{''} generalizes from
simple to complex contagions. Complex contagions require social
affirmation from multiple sources. Examples include the spread of
high-risk social movements, avant garde fashions, and unproven
technologies. Results show that as adoption thresholds increase, long
ties can impede diffusion. Complex contagions depend primarily on the
width of the bridges across a network, not just their length. Wide
bridges are a characteristic feature of many spatial networks, which may
account in part for the widely observed tendency for social movements to
diffuse spatially.
********************************************************************************
author Centola, D and Willer, R and Macy, M
title The emperor's dilemma: A computational model of self-enforcing norms
journa NaN
year 2005
times-cited 89
Name: 3, dtype: object
>
The authors demonstrate the uses of agent-based computational models in
an application to a social enigma they call the ``emperor's dilemma,{''}
based on the Hans Christian Andersen fable. In this model, agents must
decide whether to comply with and enforce a norm that is supported by a
few fanatics and opposed by the vast majority. They find that cascades
of self-reinforcing support for a highly unpopular norm cannot occur in
a fully connected social network. However, if agents' horizons are
limited to immediate neighbors, highly unpopular norms can emerge
locally and then spread. One might expect these cascades to be more
likely as the number of `` true believers{''} increases, and bridge ties
are created between otherwise distant actors. Surprisingly, the authors
observed quite the opposite effects.
********************************************************************************
author Lopez-Pintado, Dunia and Watts, Duncan J.
title SOCIAL INFLUENCE, BINARY DECISIONS AND COLLECTIVE DYNAMICS
journa NaN
year 2008
times-cited 34
Name: 4, dtype: object
>
In this paper we address the general question of how social influence
determines collective outcomes for large populations of individuals
faced with binary decisions. First, we define conditions under which the
behavior of individuals making binary decisions can be described in
terms of what we call an influence-response function: a one-dimensional
function of the (weighted) number of individuals choosing each of the
alternatives. And second, we demonstrate that, under the assumptions of
global and anonymous interactions, general knowledge of the
influence-response functions is sufficient to compute equilibrium, and
even non-equilibrium, properties of the collective dynamics. By enabling
us to treat in a consistent manner classes of decisions that have
previously been analyzed separately, our framework allows us to find
similarities between apparently quite different kinds of decision
situations, and conversely to identify important differences between
decisions that would otherwise appear very similar.
********************************************************************************
author Biggs, M
title Strikes as forest fires: Chicago and Paris in the late nineteenth\ncentury
journa NaN
year 2005
times-cited 28
Name: 5, dtype: object
>
Historians have persistently likened strike waves to wildfires, avalanches, and epidemics. These phenomena are characterized by a
power-law distribution of event sizes. This kind of analysis is applied
to outbreaks of class conflict in Chicago from 1881 to 1886. Events are
defined as individual strikes or miniature strike waves; size is
measured by the number of establishments or workers involved. In each
case, events follow a power law spanning two or three orders of
magnitude. A similar pattern is found for strikes in Paris from 1890 to
1899. The ``forest fire{''} model serves to illustrate the kind of
process that can generate this distribution.
********************************************************************************
author Chiang, Yen-Sheng
title Birds of moderately different feathers: Bandwagon dynamics and the\nthreshold heterogeneity of network neighbors
journa NaN
year 2007
times-cited 14
Name: 6, dtype: object
>
This paper investigates bandwagon dynamics in social networks, using an
extension of Granovetter's (1978) threshold model. The focus is on the
pattern of social ties connecting actors with different participation
thresholds. A benchmark model, in which actors' thresholds are similar
to their neighbors' thresholds, is built from the principle of
homophily. Computational experiments show that participation levels
increase when network structure departs from pure homophily, such that
actors have new neighbors with discrepant thresholds. Further increasing
the heterogeneity of network neighbors causes the bandwagon effects to
wane, however, suggesting that bandwagon dynamics are maximized when
there is a balance of heterogeneity and homogeneity in social networks.
This principle is consistent with insights from several empirical
studies and consistent with the conclusions of other formal models.
********************************************************************************
author Smith, Jeffrey A.
title Macrostructure from Microstructure: Generating Whole Systems from Ego\nNetworks
journa NaN
year 2012
times-cited 11
Name: 7, dtype: object
>
This article presents a new simulation method to make global network
inference from sampled data. The proposed method takes sampled ego
network data and uses exponential random graph models (ERGM) to
reconstruct the features of the true, unknown network. After describing
the method, the author presents two validity checks of the approach: the
first uses the 20 largest Add Health networks while the second uses the
Sociology Coauthorship network in the 1990s. For each test, I take
random ego network samples from the known networks and use my method to
make global network inference. The method successfully reproduces the
properties of the networks, such as distance and main component size.
The results also suggest that simpler, baseline models provide
considerably worse estimates for most network properties. The paper
concludes with a discussion of the bounds/limitations of ego network
sampling as well as possible extensions to the proposed approach.
********************************************************************************
author Morales, A. J. and Borondo, J. and Losada, J. C. and Benito, R. M.
title Efficiency of human activity on information spreading on Twitter
journa NaN
year 2014
times-cited 10
Name: 8, dtype: object
>
Understanding the collective reaction to individual actions is key to
effectively spread information in social media. In this work we define
efficiency on Twitter, as the ratio between the emergent spreading
process and the activity employed by the user. We characterize this
property by means of a quantitative analysis of the structural and
dynamical patterns emergent from human interactions, and show it to be
universal across several Twitter conversations. We found that some
influential users efficiently cause remarkable collective reactions by
each message sent, while the majority of users must employ extremely
larger efforts to reach similar effects. Next we propose a model that
reproduces the retweet cascades occurring on Twitter to explain the
emergent distribution of the user efficiency. The model shows that the
dynamical patterns of the conversations are strongly conditioned by the
topology of the underlying network. We conclude that the appearance of a
small fraction of extremely efficient users results from the
heterogeneity of the followers network and independently of the
individual user behavior. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
********************************************************************************
author Gibson, DR
title Concurrency and commitment: Network scheduling and its consequences for\ndiffusion
journa NaN
year 2005
times-cited 8
Name: 9, dtype: object
>
Network ties are thought to be concurrent-one can ``have{''} many
friends at once, for instance-but their concrete enactment is largely
serial and episodic, guided by priorities that steer a person from one
encounter to the next. Further, dyadic encounters require that two
people be simultaneously available to interact, creating the need for
coordinated scheduling. Here I study the consequences of scheduling for
network diffusion, using a computer simulation that interposes a
scheduling process between a pre-existing network and instances of
contagion. The pace and extent of diffusion are shown to depend upon the
interaction of network topology, contagion rule (on first-contact versus
at some threshold), and whether actors try to remedy past scheduling
imperfections. Scheduling turns central actors into diffusion
bottlenecks, but can also trigger early adoption by giving actors false
readings on the status of their network alters. The implications of
scheduling extend beyond diffusion, to other outcomes such as
decision-making, as well as to network evolution.
********************************************************************************
author Neill, DB
title Cascade effects in heterogeneous populations
journa NaN
year 2005
times-cited 5
Name: 10, dtype: object
>
We present a model of sequential choice which explains the emergence and
persistence of unpopular, inefficient behavioral norms in society. We
model individuals as naive Bayesian norm followers, rational agents
whose subjective expected utility is increased by adherence to an
established norm. Agents use Bayesian reasoning to combine their private
preferences and prior beliefs with empirical observations of others'
decisions. When agents must infer the preferences of others from
observation, this can result in negative cascades, causing the majority
of agents to choose a dispreferred action (because they believe, incorrectly, that they are following the majority preference). We
demonstrate that negative cascades can result even when the degree of
conformity is relatively low, and under a wide range of conditions
(including heterogeneity in preferences, priors, and impact of public
opinion). This allows us to present a general model of how rational
norm-following behavior can occur, and how unpopular norms might emerge, in real populations with heterogeneous preferences and beliefs.
********************************************************************************
author Corten, Rense and Knecht, Andrea
title Alcohol use among adolescents as a coordination problem in a dynamic\nnetwork
journa NaN
year 2013
times-cited 4
Name: 11, dtype: object
>
Whereas most research on substance (ab)use by adolescents studies only
the effects of personal networks of adolescents, we propose a
theoretical approach that allows for predictions on the effects of the
macro-level social network structure on usage rates. We model alcohol
use as risk-dominant but inefficient behaviour in a coordination
problem, given that adolescents face incentives to align their behaviour
with their friends. We propose a game-theoretical model in which actors
choose behaviour in a repeated coordination game in an endogenous
network. Predictions on levels of alcohol use depending on initial
network structure are based on computer simulations of this model. We
test the predictions using longitudinal data on alcohol use and
friendship choices in school classes in Dutch high schools. We replicate
the predicted `catalysing' effect of initial network density on the
development of alcohol use but the predicted opposing effect of
centralization could not be confirmed.
********************************************************************************
author Centola, Damon
title The Social Origins of Networks and Diffusion
journa NaN
year 2015
times-cited 4
Name: 12, dtype: object
>
Recent research on social contagion has demonstrated significant effects
of network topology on the dynamics of diffusion. However, network
topologies are not given a priori. Rather, they are patterns of
relations that emerge from individual and structural features of
society, such as population composition, group heterogeneity, homophily, and social consolidation. Following Blau and Schwartz, the author
develops a model of social network formation that explores how social
and structural constraints on tie formation generate emergent social
topologies and then explores the effectiveness of these social networks
for the dynamics of social diffusion. Results show that, at one extreme, high levels of consolidation can create highly balkanized communities
with poor integration of shared norms and practices. As suggested by
Blau and Schwartz, reducing consolidation creates more crosscutting
circles and significantly improves the dynamics of social diffusion
across the population. However, the author finds that further reducing
consolidation creates highly intersecting social networks that fail to
support the widespread diffusion of norms and practices, indicating that
successful social diffusion can depend on moderate to high levels of
structural consolidation.
********************************************************************************
author Flores, Ramon and Koster, Maurice and Lindner, Ines and Molina, Elisenda
title Networks and collective action
journa NaN
year 2012
times-cited 1
Name: 13, dtype: object
>
This paper proposes a new measure for a group's ability to lead society
to adopt their standard of behavior, which in particular takes account
of the time the group takes to convince the whole society to adopt their
position. This notion of a group's power to initiate action is computed
as the reciprocal of the resistance against it, which is in turn given
by the expected absorption time of a related finite state partial Markov
chain that captures the social dynamics. The measure is applicable and
meaningful in a variety of models where interaction between agents is
formalized through (weighted) binary relations. Using Percolation
Theory, it is shown that the group power is monotonic as a function of
groups of agents. We also explain the differences between our measure
and those discussed in the literature on Graph Theory, and illustrate
all these concerns by a thorough analysis of two particular cases: the
Wolfe Primate Data and the 11S hijackers' network. (C) 2012 Elsevier
B.V. All rights reserved.
********************************************************************************
author Smith, Jeffrey A.
title Global Network Inference from Ego Network Samples: Testing a Simulation\nApproach
journa NaN
year 2015
times-cited 1
Name: 14, dtype: object
>
Network sampling poses a radical idea: that it is possible to measure
global network structure without the full population coverage assumed in
most network studies. Network sampling is only useful, however, if a
researcher can produce accurate global network estimates. This article
explores the practicality of making network inference, focusing on the
approach introduced in Smith (2012). The method uses sampled ego network
data and simulation techniques to make inference about the global
features of the true, unknown network. The validity check here includes
more difficult scenarios than previous tests, including those that go
beyond the initial scope conditions of the method. I examine networks
with a skewed degree distribution and surveys that limit the number of
social ties a respondent can list. For each network/survey combination, I take a random ego network sample, run the simulation method, and
compare the results to the true values (using measures of connectivity
and cohesion). I also test the method on local measures of network
structure. The results, on the whole, are encouraging. The method
produces good estimates even in cases where the degree distribution is
skewed and the survey is strongly restricted. I also find that is it
better to not truncate the survey if possible. If the survey must be
restricted, the researcher would do well to infer the missing data, rather than use the raw data naively.
********************************************************************************
author Centeno, Miguel A. and Nag, Manish and Patterson, Thayer S. and Shaver, Andrew and Windawi, A. Jason
title The Emergence of Global Systemic Risk
journa NaN
year 2015
times-cited 1
Name: 15, dtype: object
>
In this article, we discuss the increasing interdependence of societies, focusing specifically on issues of systemic instability and fragility
generated by the new and unprecedented level of connectedness and
complexity resulting from globalization. We define the global system as
a set of tightly coupled interactions that allow for the continued flow
of information, capital, goods, services, and people. Using the general
concepts of globality, complexity, networks, and the nature of risk, we
analyze case studies of trade, finance, infrastructure, climate change, and public health to develop empirical support for the concept of global
systemic risk. We seek to identify and describe the sources and nature
of such risks and methods of thinking about risks that may inform future
academic research and policy-making decisions.
********************************************************************************
author Dickison, ME and Magnani, M and Rossi, L
title Multilayer Social Networks
journa NaN
year 2016
times-cited 1
Name: 16, dtype: object
>
nan
In [ ]:
Content source: chendaniely/mann_lit_review
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