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import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split, cross_val_score
from sklearn.metrics import r2_score, mean_squared_error
from sklearn.utils import shuffle
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
from sklearn.preprocessing import PolynomialFeatures
%matplotlib inline
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
train = pd.read_csv('../input/train.csv.gz')
test = pd.read_csv('../input/test.csv.gz')
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#checking for missing data
NAs = pd.concat([train.isnull().sum(),test.isnull().sum()], axis=1, keys=['Train', 'Test'])
NAs[NAs.sum(axis=1) > 0]
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# Prints R2 and RMSE scores
def get_score(prediction, lables):
print('R2: {}'.format(r2_score(prediction, lables)))
print('RMSE: {}'.format(np.sqrt(mean_squared_error(prediction, lables))))
# Shows scores for train and validation sets
def train_test(estimator, x_trn, x_tst, y_trn, y_tst):
prediction_train = estimator.predict(x_trn)
# Printing estimator
print(estimator)
# Printing train scores
get_score(prediction_train, y_trn)
prediction_test = estimator.predict(x_tst)
# Printing test scores
print("Test")
get_score(prediction_test, y_tst)
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# Spliting to features and lables and deleting variable I don't need
train_labels = train.pop('SalePrice')
features = pd.concat([train, test], keys=['train', 'test'])
# I decided to get rid of features that have more than half of missing information or do not correlate to SalePrice
features.drop(['Utilities', 'RoofMatl', 'MasVnrArea', 'BsmtFinSF1', 'BsmtFinSF2', 'BsmtUnfSF', 'Heating', 'LowQualFinSF',
'BsmtFullBath', 'BsmtHalfBath', 'Functional', 'GarageYrBlt', 'GarageArea', 'GarageCond', 'WoodDeckSF',
'OpenPorchSF', 'EnclosedPorch', '3SsnPorch', 'ScreenPorch', 'PoolArea', 'PoolQC', 'Fence', 'MiscFeature', 'MiscVal'],
axis=1, inplace=True)
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# MSSubClass as str
features['MSSubClass'] = features['MSSubClass'].astype(str)
# MSZoning NA in pred. filling with most popular values
features['MSZoning'] = features['MSZoning'].fillna(features['MSZoning'].mode()[0])
# LotFrontage NA in all. I suppose NA means 0
features['LotFrontage'] = features['LotFrontage'].fillna(features['LotFrontage'].mean())
# Alley NA in all. NA means no access
features['Alley'] = features['Alley'].fillna('NOACCESS')
# Converting OverallCond to str
features.OverallCond = features.OverallCond.astype(str)
# MasVnrType NA in all. filling with most popular values
features['MasVnrType'] = features['MasVnrType'].fillna(features['MasVnrType'].mode()[0])
# BsmtQual, BsmtCond, BsmtExposure, BsmtFinType1, BsmtFinType2
# NA in all. NA means No basement
for col in ('BsmtQual', 'BsmtCond', 'BsmtExposure', 'BsmtFinType1', 'BsmtFinType2'):
features[col] = features[col].fillna('NoBSMT')
# TotalBsmtSF NA in pred. I suppose NA means 0
features['TotalBsmtSF'] = features['TotalBsmtSF'].fillna(0)
# Electrical NA in pred. filling with most popular values
features['Electrical'] = features['Electrical'].fillna(features['Electrical'].mode()[0])
# KitchenAbvGr to categorical
features['KitchenAbvGr'] = features['KitchenAbvGr'].astype(str)
# KitchenQual NA in pred. filling with most popular values
features['KitchenQual'] = features['KitchenQual'].fillna(features['KitchenQual'].mode()[0])
# FireplaceQu NA in all. NA means No Fireplace
features['FireplaceQu'] = features['FireplaceQu'].fillna('NoFP')
# GarageType, GarageFinish, GarageQual NA in all. NA means No Garage
for col in ('GarageType', 'GarageFinish', 'GarageQual'):
features[col] = features[col].fillna('NoGRG')
# GarageCars NA in pred. I suppose NA means 0
features['GarageCars'] = features['GarageCars'].fillna(0.0)
# SaleType NA in pred. filling with most popular values
features['SaleType'] = features['SaleType'].fillna(features['SaleType'].mode()[0])
# Year and Month to categorical
features['YrSold'] = features['YrSold'].astype(str)
features['MoSold'] = features['MoSold'].astype(str)
# Adding total sqfootage feature and removing Basement, 1st and 2nd floor features
features['TotalSF'] = features['TotalBsmtSF'] + features['1stFlrSF'] + features['2ndFlrSF']
features.drop(['TotalBsmtSF', '1stFlrSF', '2ndFlrSF'], axis=1, inplace=True)
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## Log transformation of labels
train_labels = np.log(train_labels)
ax = sns.distplot(train_labels)
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## Standardizing numeric features
numeric_features = features.loc[:,['LotFrontage', 'LotArea', 'GrLivArea', 'TotalSF']]
numeric_features_standardized = (numeric_features - numeric_features.mean())/numeric_features.std()
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# Getting Dummies from Condition1 and Condition2
conditions = set([x for x in features['Condition1']] + [x for x in features['Condition2']])
dummies = pd.DataFrame(data=np.zeros((len(features.index), len(conditions))),
index=features.index, columns=conditions)
for i, cond in enumerate(zip(features['Condition1'], features['Condition2'])):
dummies.ix[i, cond] = 1
features = pd.concat([features, dummies.add_prefix('Condition_')], axis=1)
features.drop(['Condition1', 'Condition2'], axis=1, inplace=True)
# Getting Dummies from Exterior1st and Exterior2nd
exteriors = set([x for x in features['Exterior1st']] + [x for x in features['Exterior2nd']])
dummies = pd.DataFrame(data=np.zeros((len(features.index), len(exteriors))),
index=features.index, columns=exteriors)
for i, ext in enumerate(zip(features['Exterior1st'], features['Exterior2nd'])):
dummies.ix[i, ext] = 1
features = pd.concat([features, dummies.add_prefix('Exterior_')], axis=1)
features.drop(['Exterior1st', 'Exterior2nd', 'Exterior_nan'], axis=1, inplace=True)
# Getting Dummies from all other categorical vars
for col in features.dtypes[features.dtypes == 'object'].index:
for_dummy = features.pop(col)
features = pd.concat([features, pd.get_dummies(for_dummy, prefix=col)], axis=1)
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### Copying features
features_standardized = features.copy()
### Replacing numeric features by standardized values
features_standardized.update(numeric_features_standardized)
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### Splitting features
train_features = features.loc['train'].drop('Id', axis=1).select_dtypes(include=[np.number]).values
test_features = features.loc['test'].drop('Id', axis=1).select_dtypes(include=[np.number]).values
### Splitting standardized features
train_features_st = features_standardized.loc['train'].drop('Id', axis=1).select_dtypes(include=[np.number]).values
test_features_st = features_standardized.loc['test'].drop('Id', axis=1).select_dtypes(include=[np.number]).values
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### Shuffling train sets
train_features_st, train_features, train_labels = shuffle(train_features_st, train_features, train_labels, random_state = 5)
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### Splitting
x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(train_features, train_labels, test_size=0.1, random_state=200)
x_train_st, x_test_st, y_train_st, y_test_st = train_test_split(train_features_st, train_labels, test_size=0.1, random_state=200)
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regressor = LinearRegression()
regressor.fit(x_train_st, y_train_st)
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regressor.score(x_test_st, y_test_st)
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quadratic_featurizer = PolynomialFeatures(degree=2)
x_train_quadratic = quadratic_featurizer.fit_transform(x_train_st)
x_test_quadratic = quadratic_featurizer.transform(x_test_st)
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regressor_quadratic = LinearRegression()
regressor_quadratic.fit(x_train_quadratic, y_train_st)
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print 'Quadratic regression r-squared', regressor_quadratic.score(x_test_quadratic, y_test_st)
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print 'Simple linear regression r-squared', regressor.score(x_test_st, y_test_st)
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# Average R2 score and standart deviation of 5-fold cross-validation
scores = cross_val_score(regressor_quadratic, train_features_st, train_labels, cv=5)
print("Accuracy: %0.2f (+/- %0.2f)" % (scores.mean(), scores.std() * 2))
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