In [1]:
# Data
import numpy as np

with open('data/text_data/japan.txt', 'r') as f:
# with open('data/text_data/anna.txt', 'r') as f:

    txt = f.read()

    X = []
    y = []

    char_to_idx = {char: i for i, char in enumerate(set(txt))}
    idx_to_char = {i: char for i, char in enumerate(set(txt))}

    X = np.array([char_to_idx[x] for x in txt])
    y = [char_to_idx[x] for x in txt[1:]]
    y.append(char_to_idx['.'])
    y = np.array(y)

# Looking at the X, y
X.shape, y.shape, X[:10], y[:10]


Out[1]:
((3629,),
 (3629,),
 array([ 2, 34, 41, 34, 22,  3, 15,  2, 34, 41]),
 array([34, 41, 34, 22,  3, 15,  2, 34, 41, 34]))

In [2]:
# Model or Network
import impl.layer as l
from impl.loss import *

class GRU:
    def __init__(self, D, H, L, char2idx, idx2char):
        self.D = D
        self.H = H
        self.L = L
        self.char2idx = char2idx
        self.idx2char = idx2char
        self.vocab_size = len(char2idx)
        self.losses = {'train':[], 'smooth train':[]}
        
        # Model params
        Z = H + D
        m = dict(
            Wz=np.random.randn(Z, H) / np.sqrt(Z / 2.),
            Wh=np.random.randn(Z, H) / np.sqrt(Z / 2.),
            Wy=np.random.randn(H, D) / np.sqrt(H / 2.), 
            bz=np.zeros((1, H)),
            bh=np.zeros((1, H)),
            by=np.zeros((1, D))
        )

        self.model = []
        for layer in range(self.L):
            self.model.append(m)

    def initial_state(self):
        return np.zeros((1, self.H))

    def forward(self, X, h, m):
        Wz, Wh, Wy = m['Wz'], m['Wh'], m['Wy']
        bz, bh, by = m['bz'], m['bh'], m['by']

        X_in = X.copy()
        h_in = h.copy()

        X = np.column_stack((h_in, X_in))

        hz, hz_cache = l.fc_forward(X, Wz, bz)
        hz, hz_sigm_cache = l.sigmoid_forward(hz)
        
        hh, hh_cache = l.fc_forward(X, Wh, bh)
        hh, hh_tanh_cache = l.tanh_forward(hh)

        # h = (1. - hz) * h_old + hz * hh
        # or
        # h = ((1. - hz) * h_in) + (hz * hh)
        # or
        h = h_in + (hz * (hh - h_in))

        y, y_cache = l.fc_forward(h, Wy, by)

        cache = (h_in, hz, hz_cache, hz_sigm_cache, hh, hh_cache, hh_tanh_cache, y_cache)

        return y, h, cache

    def backward(self, dy, dh, cache):
        h_in, hz, hz_cache, hz_sigm_cache, hh, hh_cache, hh_tanh_cache, y_cache = cache
        
        dh_out = dh.copy()

        dh, dWy, dby = l.fc_backward(dy, y_cache)
        dh += dh_out

        dh_in1 = (1. - hz) * dh
        
        dhh = hz * dh
        dhh = l.tanh_backward(dhh, hh_tanh_cache)
        dXh, dWh, dbh = l.fc_backward(dhh, hh_cache)

        # dhz = (hh * dh) - (h_in * dh)
        # or
        dhz = (hh - h_in) * dh
        dhz = l.sigmoid_backward(dhz, hz_sigm_cache)
        dXz, dWz, dbz = l.fc_backward(dhz, hz_cache)

        dX = dXh + dXz
        dh_in2 = dX[:, :self.H]
        dX_in = dX[:, self.H:]

        dh = dh_in1 + dh_in2
        dX = dX_in

        grad = dict(Wz=dWz, Wh=dWh, Wy=dWy, bz=dbz, bh=dbh, by=dby)
        
        return dX, dh, grad

    def train_forward(self, X_train, h):
        ys, caches = [], []
        h_init = h.copy()
        h = []
        for _ in range(self.L):
            h.append(h_init.copy())
            caches.append([])
        
        # for layer in range(self.L):
        # layer = 0 # 1st layer or input layer
        for layer in range(0, 1):
            for X in X_train:
                X_one_hot = np.zeros(self.D)
                X_one_hot[X] = 1.
                X = X_one_hot.reshape(1, -1)
                y, h[layer], cache = self.forward(X, h[layer], self.model[layer])
                caches[layer].append(cache)
                ys.append(y)
            
        # for layer in range(self.L): # from 0 to L-1
        for layer in range(1, self.L):
            Xs = ys.copy()
            ys = []
            for X in Xs:
                X = X.reshape(1, -1)
                y, h[layer], cache = self.forward(X, h[layer], self.model[layer])
                caches[layer].append(cache)
                ys.append(y)

        return ys, caches
    
    def loss_function(self, y_train, ys):
        loss, dys = 0.0, []

        for y_pred, y in zip(ys, y_train):
            loss += cross_entropy(y_pred, y)
            dy = dcross_entropy(y_pred, y)
            dys.append(dy)
            
        return loss, dys
    
    def train_backward(self, dys, caches):
        dh, grad, grads = [], [], []
        for layer in range(self.L):
            dh.append(np.zeros((1, self.H)))
            grad.append({key: np.zeros_like(val) for key, val in self.model[layer].items()})
            grads.append({key: np.zeros_like(val) for key, val in self.model[layer].items()})
        
        dXs = dys.copy()
        for layer in reversed(range(self.L)):
            dys = dXs.copy()
            for t in reversed(range(len(dys))):
                dy = dys[t]
                dX, dh[layer], grad[layer] = self.backward(dy, dh[layer], caches[layer][t])
                for k in grad[layer].keys():
                    grads[layer][k] += grad[layer][k]
                dXs[t] = dX
                
        return dXs, grads

    def test(self, X_seed, h, size):
        chars = [self.idx2char[X_seed]]
        idx_list = list(range(self.vocab_size))
        X = X_seed
        
        h_init = h.copy()
        h = []
        for _ in range(self.L):
            h.append(h_init.copy())

        for _ in range(size):
            X_one_hot = np.zeros(self.D)
            X_one_hot[X] = 1.
            X = X_one_hot.reshape(1, -1)
            for layer in range(self.L):
                y, h[layer], _ = self.forward(X, h[layer], self.model[layer])
                X = y.copy()
            prob = l.softmax(y)
            idx = np.random.choice(idx_list, p=prob.ravel())
            chars.append(self.idx2char[idx])
            X = idx

        return ''.join(chars)

In [3]:
def get_minibatch(X, y, minibatch_size, shuffle):
    minibatches = []

    #for i in range(0, X.shape[0], minibatch_size):
    for i in range(0, X.shape[0] - minibatch_size + 1, 1):
        X_mini = X[i:i + minibatch_size]
        y_mini = y[i:i + minibatch_size]
        minibatches.append((X_mini, y_mini))

    return minibatches

def adam_rnn(nn, X_train, y_train, alpha, mb_size, n_iter, print_after):

    M, R = [], []
    for layer in range(nn.L):
        M.append({k: np.zeros_like(v) for k, v in nn.model[layer].items()})
        R.append({k: np.zeros_like(v) for k, v in nn.model[layer].items()})
        
    beta1 = .99
    beta2 = .999
    state = nn.initial_state()
    smooth_loss = 1.
    minibatches = get_minibatch(X_train, y_train, mb_size, shuffle=False)
    
    for iter in range(1, n_iter + 1):
        for idx in range(len(minibatches)):
            X_mini, y_mini = minibatches[idx]
            ys, caches = nn.train_forward(X_mini, state)
            loss, dys = nn.loss_function(y_mini, ys)
            _, grads = nn.train_backward(dys, caches)
            nn.losses['train'].append(loss)
            smooth_loss = (0.999 * smooth_loss) + (0.001 * loss)
            nn.losses['smooth train'].append(smooth_loss)

            for layer in range(nn.L):
                for k in grads[layer].keys(): #key, value: items
                    M[layer][k] = l.exp_running_avg(M[layer][k], grads[layer][k], beta1)
                    R[layer][k] = l.exp_running_avg(R[layer][k], grads[layer][k]**2, beta2)

                    m_k_hat = M[layer][k] / (1. - (beta1**(iter)))
                    r_k_hat = R[layer][k] / (1. - (beta2**(iter)))

                    nn.model[layer][k] -= alpha * m_k_hat / (np.sqrt(r_k_hat) + l.eps)

        # Print loss and test sample
        if iter % print_after == 0:
            print('Iter-{} loss: {:.4f}'.format(iter, loss))
            sample = nn.test(X_mini[0], state, 200)
            print(sample)

    return nn

In [4]:
# Hyper-parameters
time_step = 100 # width, minibatch size and test sample size as well
num_layers = 2 # depth
n_iter = 300 # epochs
alpha = 1e-4 # learning_rate
print_after = 1 # n_iter//10 # print training loss, valid, and test
num_hidden_units = 64 # num_hidden_units in hidden layer
num_input_units = len(char_to_idx) # vocab_size = len(char_to_idx)

# Build the network and learning it or optimizing it using SGD
net = GRU(D=num_input_units, H=num_hidden_units, L=num_layers, char2idx=char_to_idx, idx2char=idx_to_char)

# Start learning using BP-SGD-ADAM
adam_rnn(nn=net, X_train=X, y_train=y, alpha=alpha, mb_size=time_step, n_iter=n_iter, print_after=print_after)

# # Display the learning curve and losses for training, validation, and testing
# %matplotlib inline
# %config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.plot(net.losses['train'], label='Train loss')
plt.plot(net.losses['smooth train'], label='Train smooth loss')
plt.legend()
plt.show()


Iter-1 loss: 211.7829
 d rant in touAtUtf Gatike fod-NaneNk ke coanent re Abobar xofe the日e fEacexwht I0 tNd eofes of al farteeBfvind Alithe lowext in xan Pa00 g isOt Japape sobest roate NNacexpopabe ucoxmed vou7trary san t
Iter-2 loss: 202.7487
 ti his te Ikile lilhe Glthe Gd,kof 2intankx. xttir Iowtre, A2nst medcobtpest xnJapan is this eobilthmy of ofye Alourts in Ai1 in the whxstargdkand Norg, Chictexr., 22 inaunss Indekenk s tkked the Ind 
Iter-3 loss: 222.0924
 th an the innduEmse usthe sountry is the sord bealeowokinte andhs ann1 defin the Iils huxturen". The Grs. an fa founs ina, Aanxundiony xurse the the Honseof ilitalarx., usd ahd ra ou, bolel and is Ipa
Iter-4 loss: 209.8363
 larg, the wonkass  and and and in ty of Ninaly and nxbentuminc I. the firng. m2pentevencexxrand in As an tofeinct a0 62phexboptenCe wary st mrint ynu)e ntpen and andkteipin Touke fiont minna the Gnfur
Iter-5 loss: 209.2487
 Empenten of the in the "96 homrtry sounde Ut,t the Eapexnkany i st feecnoked Indined-vountmy ing raeg supeecipean, wisto pderex, wheneropopopunt8 Af InnCex1, Nimin Ding pupeenkexwucth, lirnlsess leanC
Iter-6 loss: 210.5383
 in the Gperom an env milinnd rano-P andex, she thobelth thistorr a, micn uld, und, milthary st the Glargest Co th uncted lale 1945 fibina hice exbe Gloufland tex expincrcolargest ino4e Conspopeend, Na
Iter-7 loss: 188.7057
 the nyrn. Japan of lexjofeinsuennary 2habortory stvixoting millouf 1945 foped Ind in wolsJapan, who, man of inody susth lowsoped itereand in the exping e2n. Alevole to ed bef revised Ded aten forese l
Iter-8 loss: 188.2957
 World Nagest in the norimz,-Sinture walecths innase the world, the riguss pokure rurga do ans Injese cower a2nd inst month in the nountry and as kedind Axbing countky peunfer forth in 199Hevekok. And 
Iter-9 loss: 180.9313
 sivory wisth, Asiptingures in third-larst and Nares ffircry country thixas ridodur. Acty. Japan has evrhornembeke parcancem. Leopte G 1Ild resturea the Gboty. Archany ned vivh urcl. ory Curgursea wirn
Iter-10 loss: 167.8360
 hightet peconomymbt in the mith in the norens inatankg bectored in the Cotsof of the Glth ce picala. Thecoldesn fe1nd ankad cotern EwDorss andegent me3nimed opinitivurbelinwtion male the thigh sinive 
Iter-11 loss: 159.5180
 of Wourl Cy is dupule th legisle-depen militany. 5wtrory sipen ed, the hith sor the whokhou.Japan the fourth-levipanked the Nast in the Mouth boutury whith the Noring, aderd Iurit-z.5A8, and thowenty 
Iter-12 loss: 144.3478
 the whing rentourth largest of Hiclry meal highored Hedegernal Peallearly I(combellal Glomagally who, the fer Danked Japan is hanked a0 hestoJapanese thist Noper. Anthigeund-lountbr E.ArJapand Inexexl
Iter-13 loss: 147.6571
 and in the Global Cong papeccaricetie wideds andexinhed intanked Asian country in the Global cwoned third-dliwhst opinthins gmngex. Japan is fourth in the Ulo the highest'rod stary Bipanerest-rex-larg
Iter-14 loss: 136.0047
 fort liwer pashin, and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth whikh lagsticeladeres. Artan a pecterecond. Japan is nandecondicatisg. Nedere imatots popes to led instkered, the sirst. th
Iter-15 loss: 123.9999
 hightkor dmunarannceged and Ingihe country in the Global Peace EWJapan") tixs randed ins reand the world's enghigs the sorld's hogsstution eugicemp. It imen slomy a pres, imhan, ithd bancea and as the
Iter-16 loss: 129.5747
 Sea and sepatonc peron2in 1947, and th went of rhang)ins cout itherty ried ins rhejtu dicaten to part ry unHid, hhand inesit bit ipllony largest imparteratory. Agle to dupicits. Japatiph turCf copget 
Iter-17 loss: 120.7478
 hounthi ns ofiric in the world, an mimpiclarits offolly fourt by pombet Sino-te of the smrontery pourthe GLtorin wigcond, an enty ennd lants worstyd of statixntust intom ondennere inntary with and it 
Iter-18 loss: 106.7638
 of inced insihellandsof andelitas in 1945 1forkh iisiond sternof ind rastorectary innted higestecnou0th in the Country 18tan arealacekexpand ce nombring in toudmans its ofAllaclion an rescodorgerns-pp
Iter-19 loss: 106.2051
 the hieg how d a partodelitoty burger, mEvsgarly As a of a divined and its pipontre Tarlame condeclancenimed Nakesterlation entere Empanod in the world, and early Inded Naest im and, Hhoth narged fout
Iter-20 loss: 97.6173
 relaof Pefrlaumres, rithuUnor Ind pan euturest in oncoleringly Japan'sy is the world's eighth largest me ponsscn exnli3ipuywd of Jappn it in eaceked a gre and peacecceno-Japan'ss tourtrowernh powerter
Iter-21 loss: 93.5180
 hith op1 the world, and ranked first in the Country Brand enj meagtkere wwtereas hivhe name more to an efurcy pory Japan's Eame. Artand intowes. Thet inthimg the 19th milllanked bittthurcode name Empa
Iter-22 loss: 87.3917
 poper revores wigent Japan entered into an Hiroduleginat lite nag ntan country in Asia. Japan of-lan"st in the Country Brand Index, rasted tate of Japan is in Chinese history tho the dount in ally 20t
Iter-23 loss: 86.9519
 Emperor and ats aromanal purded the wor dlmiml Cman hast Ina9 has offilgangs. morter. Alth, and pemcabed a stimecrnd as eand the was ruted the the forld, anteropyucentive sund and peally c porter f fh
Iter-24 loss: 79.3711
 the fourth-largesg cevend it the name of the Emmatatoven pemit Wan"t folive nleld. The fimitares in eigh cound country hag the world's fourth-largest exporter and Imuntur ember tyrcd's thirsalked four
Iter-25 loss: 76.8939
 reacended in the Global Coy tiving resecracmeipan of in 1945 following the auting inound IJJanfolld. The fourth-largestear udelional CharG wor, imKand coustritun, thich of incre pemburs sugs ked into 
Iter-26 loss: 74.8665
 of istandallog diving co slomalitat urted im in sunse in 194E sureclameunor Warly War Cominaten of int1 martan pompore in the First in the Seall POlangiche ad Hough Japan has officially renounced its 
Iter-27 loss: 72.2130
 and Oaunthe Global Competitit in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–(015–j6 rapethorstrid purer and World susean, and is the high of ond is a perois. The f
Iter-28 loss: 70.2152
 whing aughonestomy nallot hich as hmang Sol margan, which ad intes of any cents naped country wingh atal, fore the dorter and World War I allowed Japan to expandecond insals of the UN, the G70m0mpal c
Iter-29 loss: 67.3497
 nang popincd itgionshiment II the G208 and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Pe
Iter-30 loss: 65.1316
 of Nobel lame nomitation inst imarot be with a high stminal city in the Noith ruit pF(. Imrcsof iso1 an fecldered as hight nse ian eucopuranisl an6Rthaicolity buyt liviten ment Indexjhake to an ed int
Iter-31 loss: 63.0488
 for tegis of ino-the the lo2al the forst Ihog gugldecopunor a und and gaigtet more of ese cansst its rugsed a unchigertes and it fivitest the Gld, hanked the world's fourth-largest exporter and Impis 
Iter-32 loss: 60.4452
 whish lagest infere motality uded ie beadecld. The Secoky. Japan expor wed, andeconomen the OECDiat and Names and the world's eiponern 18re imatanked Asian andecondicitosaturt city pEa. 'e wich to ean
Iter-33 loss: 59.4357
 and early 20th cincusisteitar a pentic a period of ind rant of the Sea of Japan, the East China Sea, China, Korea and War a miintion and Russia, stretrosing and Hans Japan is a devepectary wirchlomee 
Iter-34 loss: 57.4054
 wed orshime an is hiar ma, in Diovertaris. Japan is sapures. The fourty Westo, whichcfar-o-Oecriond cenGl reso thi dE Cisutys loushas the copital by curmelmupainl mangited Japan has officially renounc
Iter-35 loss: 56.1789
 Japan is a dank1xGb Japanord areal Shaniva mard liver and Sinory ustary with and te worth cy ilen pern 1868 rectecand precidimecharcy cimprec inheg clared auderan es d mrectan an elected legislatude t
Iter-36 loss: 54.7142
 country in Asia to hostl'rationt portured tury tirt fourth-lly sints ard Warlary. Japan is a developed ked the sebth largest economy by purchasiviot colssi as-oflatakic intary with a atennd TokuoJapan
Iter-37 loss: 52.9916
 the U20a. ThokichameliOg. Shonombent in the Empise has the world's fourth-largest exporter and Improutiofluled in the First Sinox. Japan wan a lapaced sexcopatetn und Wer enditiveness Repor higestu, w
Iter-38 loss: 52.0655
 Seater ffult6-vard largest urchabuger. Aita andeby cotgets lupanly–20128 the world's third-largest economy by purchasing power papite Gf ratesto he OsC andecodetan rue world's thinal, whorgest molter 
Iter-39 loss: 50.7351
 in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional moration, and canshef-tke2pyt fJaw plation enjoys the hiest rittituturitelionely the and enwed befyrrald susanea wites oper of Okome lats in the 
Iter-40 loss: 49.7408
 laperia. Ea rreaceccedion of Japan is a dlame world anded of in 19455"% of NJapan Wourthe derlame, wind searlyd,, the G8, maneacected and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese Wan
Iter-41 loss: 48.4066
 which aclatinmiond of inoAg peand its right to declare world.-Javatary fourly Ast Ianked, Japanate foutJarcP alivisth larst-dovereaso the frowst which cinite and early 20th centuries in the First Sino
Iter-42 loss: 47.5891
 bhoter the Gltry orld ast im5ald's largest urban angichan country in East Asia. Locatnd Nataral maku and, Chin from dopred a an the Global Peace 2Niond constituniinit in 194B istureollou, inets earing
Iter-43 loss: 46.2939
 highest life expectancy, the thic wid of Japan is a llmeral momperiaclar country in Asial monality an cmyCmuritas conkaring codest. pexpor Nobing power parity. It is also the world'sharly bout this so
Iter-44 loss: 45.7206
 whish lags. TTowes. 18tan evinecy und it Niasto the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest urth largest city propecinempopin was in 194G I11to Aralaoflion the south. The kanji that make up
Iter-45 loss: 44.6096
 fomintan was rompoper in the Furch levla. Ionatsc in 1968 5an's earstutitby IWPmalates with thidsdard- roghates thireris. Japan is sthe national Diest Tokeobet f9JDpschate tan manens pevine maku rest 
Iter-46 loss: 44.2605
 in the late 19th and early Ipper e8rl military buyt a Uth nang povertouch in 1947, ancd bhiness chags of inction enjosyimtondecoplotary with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose
Iter-47 loss: 43.3352
 renad ins5 wh, the G7, the G20 praivulacina inlaons. Japan is ranked feren E fiot the Search aldniwisl a8heentariGn, and eas in ed Pilitary asted the whos the G20 and is considelarcernovere opir the N
Iter-48 loss: 43.0052
 hosth Japan's Easanchas an islanked cith largest eoploplliol in 1947, and canked a dipt peaclyb on the sith o6 liwin")my flopld seary of Japan was podetore ame te histto residerol engishakomb inomecel
Iter-49 loss: 42.2239
 Westure with of tiysche fourthe es of anyy search ind the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest immand World War II in 1941, which a7 oreateen forly'sted a unolitat intourthest Infor Inde
Iter-50 loss: 41.7678
 poper comsonate 19th and eanke. Areajd caten Fsl re third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the C
Iter-51 loss: 41.0330
 porter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare follat bith and cesicivine nasihed intion of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which cam
Iter-52 loss: 40.3377
 nags and its inhed a inlode the world's fourth-largest expor the late 19th and early 20th century vict ecouncecceanecey selopecond renouncec in eighs regions, mainly Imperial China hast the four large
Iter-53 loss: 39.6391
 the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the ciEtter OlJapan in the world's eighth largest. Japanens in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in thikkainkeowy, whigLkd cha'ubwat in the Pacif
Iter-54 loss: 38.7890
 of Hed is the south. Toxte nochand chasagictaitary with the world's eighth largest military budget, used four the Naith the ta an the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Anthe
Iter-55 loss: 38.2690
 reades, it maintais costh rargegichy wobyt of Japan is a dlomedipol lapede wath in 185a and stratovictaich aand a untio and Japan has officalatiring of ineriods of incor and powesi.n the GPu and Shiko
Iter-56 loss: 37.3678
 the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its righth in 194si wet is the world's tente f99JapanthisChy wure care 2015al Chate with the wo
Iter-57 loss: 36.8572
 histored stain a lamera of Japan, which inclase country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-randec
Iter-58 loss: 35.9237
 the world's fourth-largest urertou of Nobel laugh. The ta of Theace fourabongs popuritu incteroped inote late who an ent people O9ep ung In lakea an end of isolanits the third lowest infant meton colg
Iter-59 loss: 35.4342
 Tainstund-t Inate un the Glity rulked firt vhi un hightst the world. The Greater Tokyo Apece wag in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureater Tokyo Area, which incledes larstitutita
Iter-60 loss: 34.6800
 ea, " ty the Glopal Gn ean, manes and its impinf refeegeste the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is siper and the world's eighth largest military 
Iter-61 loss: 34.1330
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 Japan was proclaimed, with the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel lamen world's fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the fourth-largest economy by purchasing power
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 prefectures in eegigo .4I hat Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Sin meon sureclany,, the noplatens. The Tokyo, ollan-ugll I6 hoo the nas the world's nokureulanalges. The four larges
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 and rusilfalents hivate country in Asia to eenteropomun ppepipn u ligist mainatic manko-4ranater Pacicichinh ed the fourt Injc his laun, has shan Camic peccaleturec counlly Branderna, chakisa, feviry 
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 oring waod of Ithest in the 1loG Japan sisof-lakions. .8r. So Tanese pectered into a logeclapadatit parcoSted a unitary with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peace
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 Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came lanchu, which warch early Imparcand ise and Iagesation in 1947,85v eanked bundol in the OECD and the foumbhintn who 47 
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 Sea of Okhotsk in the north t Jargtnet powen pecicore teat of stratior fomingans Tokeo, nten 1lgeg and thirstanukeal Pucabichal coreclatuon highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortarity. 
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 area, pancfasing shigest. Japan is ranked first in the early 17th century, which was ended in 1853 when a United State the Lored ferf wasth mre Osolomillion is the world Wars karn, a ated was residded
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 militatinged State wodt. Amproxiot the .je pirtas ime aitry war maly pectaries cd esche military Hoku, which wagheg claimercal cenisladictationecong. x9Tory tion and the world's fourth-largest exporte
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 make up Japan end ins in the north Nasterce to antaruntilt in the Pate of the 18 entor ade the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index
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 resided in 1853 when followed beferld.58to koku, wth might In the world's Pacuno, Asun nurly A75d is larst ard Hamectare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military bu
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 livicessy Tokyokio, the G2por of the Sea of Japan, the East China Sea, China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the world War Indion
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 oring a pured ing of ino, wh, chant wind oI or al ennour liped INhesf country in Asia. Japan is divided into 47 prefectures in eight of Japan was proclaimed, with the world's eigate of Japan, which is
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 of the gokko, inhecthet lits Eurion is the world's third-largest economy by pulopld We20th charass thi codor Nihon-koku, "State of Japan") is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Oce
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 17th 9upatal poropibo hakho th te th legiss. The four legilladicudionarch-aP Japan was pred it be witary country with a high stataon of the UN, th7 Experombal of th nauntion fe. Hong irsationoby pembo
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 the world. The Greater Tokyo Area, and ranked first in the Countty regees came. Ithes Apecibona. Japan is a ds frefteslade Tompicitisl marina, Kored and ias rust an is ranked te rugecd Tokyo oper the 
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 and to per edeenhich in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and W
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 1947, an Emled largest importer. Although Japo1k of sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace In uly 17th resticity opocitern Imp
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 the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese W
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 shikatinveonol the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the worl'l Emmacy shiclaional, which came to an end in 1945 following the world War Inalgy'sy of liho, inound beunty in
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 maintoveo world. The Greater Tokyo Area, which inclures ludellowed Japan to expand its rurses Dugss the world's Dosth. Japan is a develolihe 1945 vereela, in the world, and ranked first in the number 
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 Japan the Gr, Competitmpom in theto is of 126ar in iint poroplons in the world, and ranate cameet 995a lccheinal pare was pproper of the world's fourth-largest economy by purchasing powyo ked of stal 
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 the world's third-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare w
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 pecrocuinarch citstit Japanes peopest itas of internal conflict and itessuxectany und firn narined into a lkeds kopWen op pear Pacanimid military constitutional man Dumulobel pres is a cimided intarcy
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 prefeclale West Apropule of the nation in the Sea and st1n thirs roneercy, pirotkoury bectres cing port tys to of seclanis who hectarbea, wtioLaclan,, hh the Fur'st reetiint in the number of Nobel lau
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 country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Countty reste-dand 185fil raenec a ined fron the 1its regidedichishon lenty with awelld the world's third-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It i
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 period of increasity in the G9.
2 68kic tary turcond endirs of 1igut of itorict inecounounoF No9rg Wourdala, inounec aly, and thas ofuicaunelion pecicicy cuduchinkas olulatir paitan a ated and fitn na
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 lifet peetion the 19th and the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any conter and intesand in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary exndecorcoritalu, powed, the G7, the G7, the 
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 gernal imin Dinal porloce wara eppecidmy macene. Japan is a developed Japan eaited is eand inel lenturced iter. Sho Nop-by pured country is dumstarchase ma, the G8, and the G20 and is considered a gre
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 mortation in the world. The Greater Tokyo Area, which inclures ind largent my pharcy Sirin". Japaic in Nagist in the lary Jmptution wiothest itperoas reanode nast inacing Smakch-brapor fourth-largest 
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 from other regions, mainly Imperial China, followed, the Ear,, hagg and Ase firpan has and as of the cands.5. The Sirond int1 urth 9hog"tureluro3 Japan has maintained a unitan arcollowed ctestargest c
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 mokin G dict by wited the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its 
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 Diet. Japan is a member of tratovol alconse porese the RMo oot the Pain Inmit constitutional monlopld is an the country it a 98istea wicthe highese the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel l
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 is of Nobel papoper, rastory of refexdutited in to the West. Nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection foby hougt the coridall of Japan is ant Japan is ranked sixth in the Global Compet
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 proclaimed, istevecibyubwiting molitational Diet. Japan is a membou dD9J... W 9xppromsitary with the wordedanec purrd-beot deef lejarprepte felfarchy with an Emperor and an eegugesllillan meopoliomen 
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 with a high as coland stittnitivara interof est ecroty in the kouraticule ime powyo, the Gl, hhogred Japan eisthist of it resvere it ina in 1941, which came pipe the to ped erinven we. Japan is ranked
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 has officially renounced its right to declare wat Slaearchal Chiiins a perores area. Japan was inhabited a ereacekeeping roles. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Gl
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 oring in the Fiet restes Tokyo, the capitcon2n the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often cal
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 of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its rig
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 and ins porterloled in the First Sino-Japanese Wast China was husty's rint in 1868, Japan was manled Ast Sen of Japan is a gl. Japan's higkame and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of 
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 Sun maintovec archish-largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a developed country with thotkal which came to th ceEfevly upbol Nobol efiint and maintes of aslar
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 Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet. Japan is a member of the UN, the G7, the Gl 98.p early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese2verna, Khichatas of 1268 Nably 
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 West. Nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurres, it lasseat popurer m9metinkion, Diwet and its empirearcodarchasings area, the Sepor, which namimalato atoty t proxits tha loJghs to revecine
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 and eorth lasid in Eurso-Japanese wh, nas a dicined as entern and poghiks.-Japan the Glubal in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked firs
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 in the makount-JPaeed ligest rection followed before the Meiji Emperor was prefectures in eight regions. The population en1. Japan is and the world, and its rister hixtore teaclargest metropolitan are
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 9Wor lea. Athe country is divided its remit Stame por winonh anectainlyichasing lifet instith-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare
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 largest importer. Altolithing a long meriatich indtionaly and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's
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 and its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanens a firt rys to odepen was rmpercend its risttered as ena, ghichanccincurect centern pur I peder and Sha and cevelator a
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 Sea and Index wars. The The fourth leading global city in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked 
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 and firttovobittincudiiitina a uncalionel canlyw bho who, the G7, the Gx018,, has cobal cmpurinal conflivichly'sates of any an the Meiji Emptpion of Japan was proclaim itarcy preg eas on o2it G20 zokk
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 Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the fir
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 and the world's fourth-rardernation daintaintalito durceka usepk. wh res to to or and perof felexding ge has malld'siturisf midtet In the 1sten Infeorle minn andorchy with an Empepopulation enjoys the
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 who, the Gly of Japan was proctilith in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Globa
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 War I a deral eami ttes Napos-larid flond in the largest metropoliticy I11,, and curfiptatitn u5 Hihipatity-lE as hical Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country im dfd'
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 of staly sind se in Dipeet m in hujl Captar ymbel ounbihowed. The Greater and the G20 popen, furt Japan euntr. The Greater Tokyo Area, which inclures in endered, a stimed Japan the Global Peace Index.
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 arla. whrche of 12phe lation of 126 million is the world's tenth largest. Japanese people mareaticydibur rreidurite and earipe. Secthixedtiten of rololget, third ring is a meanked isihaugipte thirst i
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 hipalational Diet. Japan is a makef-kukan furectary thotkal in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ra
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 satest Ind an exre3tyo ten pecihenc portintimid live busi tevelopernate world's fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and Wes oflates the hi
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 of internal conflict and insurrott 20th cents. St in the late West ceand the G7, andthe I lowes. hichaso the Gruatar livo en t cof Okhaless larly has the G20 and canvicing ceapoccd and egred tainla in
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 Nation economy. Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhapitaly as anteare citstimcteereac pppoper papunich. who Hore highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the worl
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 and early 20th centuries, victoriys wed Japan to expand ins parioternal maintal folrhas of1itovicing a momale furth cadrd dippon the Pan million peoper insideniped into part of World War II in 1941, w
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 the Globy mimipotald War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period a periaclaso and the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced 
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 of an's hontolked by burga and as emportuny, a Unithest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintas and War Painlanillount by 67 rs fourth-largest exporter a
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 incargest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area. The country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions. The pipor Nipilimet of t
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 ean, the nat pion end insteet city prople and an the makel fe. "hcchicand's eogins whorens porearl-JMaped nviuly hilagich and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Compet
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 whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in 
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 Althuikaleliut of istanchis. Sotlen merintalconoly with a high standard of living and Human Development propunr9West mitr Pacanmallld bubauturres, and peaten pecidy. Alboctery imno the se pepropolland
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 maintimald, the highest-ranked Asian country in Tasiand it the macel monarchy wed cesid-laweran curecched cenils a derealeed of inchighe nast mortan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name m
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 in the First Sino-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a pecized Teople in the Firs to the West. Nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection followed bef
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 in the yusth lent and Humalaten te callo d and in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopt tinto and. Japan'is the world's eighth largest military budget, used for sel
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 fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and pea
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 a long period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nag
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 of 1937 expanded into pas Coun. Tolanita da daran a pecized Japan end of the Rising Sun". Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago of 6,852 islakeand is long pectancy, the third lowest infant mortality i
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 the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel larinand in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a uni
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 for aslaly. Toled Japan to open to the West. Nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection followed before the Meiji Emperor was restored as head of state in 1868 and 1Htrins and Nagasaki. 
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 country with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest. The Greand in is as ind and its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino
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 of Ind rastexnslathic of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has offici
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 prefectures, is the world's thotso. Japan is the world's epona it andex whoshe O"car ans the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its ri
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 the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic ako-Japanes a to and ranked firstinec a ipen the late 19te In
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 regiond Japan to expand its empire during a period a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 foll
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 lougas popuntre mortertounlorider. Apnji in carided and red enden, parkurhi, ma,nolito2n. About mprporg rente-desthe world's eighth largest maintrly and Naganka. The from the 1st century CE. Influence
Iter-150 loss: 11.3840
 Tokyo Apopulesian-kokuo LarkaE.5. veled ben, which includes Tokyo and several surrounding prefectures, is the world's third-largest economy by purchasing powyo witt Aitan was inhabiten called first co
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 its ritt a loded largent my pecter besturey with that hornall-leate wed, viccha stuticcitic intourth the G20 and is consideral eanch stanogur racegit by ho, ttoren uslion enneen in 1853 when a history
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 eliGtit Nipel uripha cly ropecitimicet in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015
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 in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, the East China Sea, China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the Japan the world, and seacicates of in
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 ean, the country rastory ptre mainland fe. The fil haint a dive fede Olyargest restiot foby tirinal GDP and stanked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host
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 for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a developed country with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest i
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 proiticy canf-try has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's
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 bhing sunturey sunshu adeliono part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japa
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 a dicitas in the largest urban anghe De.Arcaladen 185% renored as hate talked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Reloit the name of the Emperor. Japan to expand its empire during a period of increasi
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 maintains a modern military with the world's eiglthond its empirtu ou Na,6an in hast itper of rictinly 19th cate ranko-aran in the koduin and its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The S
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 the Global civiled and its ere Hountry its ardechasing folivic larined in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the f
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 Upper Paleolithing gled seanerdard resourbe titker I hintaihas Canmcomnolitun and Iverololy with the wordly (Japan was promaran wed or any sountry in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first countr
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 the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan wat proataled and research indicatee divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions. 
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 war, ityinsmbeth is anduchar lya's lated in to the West. Nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection followed before the Meiji Emperor was restored as head of state in 1868 and the Empiri
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 insurrection followed before the Meiji Emperor was restoxrt in the Mu-dhat connolwor dokion the late yis hats ttese proper in the OECD and the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest import
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 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected leg
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 is ofJentan is in Chinese history texts frmnotun im interopolitan archy fwinl country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia the worled. Japan'is the world Wars laseseat power.
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 illomu, the Sunwho, the earity tae sy52m the the core city of Tokyo, the capital city of rioLiclu, prestercent. The Sectan camiod bion sy. re the Earaced country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific O
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 the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Wis a poper of the Rising
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 sountry Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is tews periode and an theg-iboku of ith thin, chaso onatigicislaly worldWarsoution of Japan was proclaimed, with t
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 fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially rtecobitatiu and Infeocleasel, raen ita5an an hich indicates the world, and early East nsumary with the world's eighth largest military budget, u
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 livine shok of Honc in Empired six1JJapan entered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its empirer pr
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 is smyarands,arly 45, han"s. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace I
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 whoshest. Japan enterted Japen an to pectanisl martatiotalesn mering 20 long period malena ner and fourth-largest importer. Although bhot Japan was inhabited as enturys several enturited Japen the Glo
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 War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution enterel enhestich 
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 was proped in the largest are Honshu, "hothat Japan was pory's rinteres ind langegided and peacekeeping roles. Japan is in Chinese history turced is an als6aive ecter eapan was monacitic into a long p
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 and ins pore 126 miporticiked in 1868 Infeleessleliane U pour,, with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is ranked first in the Country Bran
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 usel imperor anst ard Winto in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the hightxtan from of inchigs of fouth lagst this sea, the was in the Empire of Japan was proclaimed,cissudion of the 
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 orinas-kowusekof Japan third-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth larg
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 se mant of 126 million is the world's tenth largest. Japanese people deates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 
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 in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan is a stratovolcanic archip
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 and to eapetc. 15–2.1 Japan, the East China Sea, China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's 
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 as a diviness larshe wotle myten million in the Fir tnet mented the Empisor ast monolitina, ny,, the the world, sten in the First Se exdencumerinatend or Nihon; formally. About this sound Nippon-koku 
Iter-187 loss: 10.2050
 an the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global the souttoty in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the hi
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 The frur Index and powy of Hokkaido, Keng its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet. 
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 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima andex mank of ropecihich in the sixth largest city proper in the OECD and the world'
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 the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian celn
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 in 1947, Japan has maintained a unopicand in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutiona
Iter-192 loss: 10.0410
 the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considerel. Aicand recting in the late I presimed for the in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ra
Iter-193 loss: 10.0300
 largest ippor of the eatipeliod reeal confliflly wand its tourth cengle military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a dlmas as ranked first in the Country Brand Index, rank
Iter-194 loss: 9.9938
 maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for sellangese manomber of Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago eclate in thest its trend in 1858 area. Lacended in 1
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 Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host befy, whokuceuni
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 in the core city of Tokyo, the capital city of Japan, which is the sixth largest city proper in the late 1s the Eartted Japan to open to the West. Nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurroct
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 in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 an
Iter-198 loss: 9.9091
 "sun Empire of Japan was proclaimed, isthewicthe during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World ean, Japan thoku, Japan's land area. The cou
Iter-199 loss: 9.8936
 suns. The gits in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislaturectasity an the curdecidy an upgl5 eced rectecen of living and Human Development
Iter-200 loss: 9.8670
 by periods of isolation in the early 17th century, which was ended in 1853 when a United States fleet pressured Asialaniclalead in the earle astary wwith thied as it million people live in the core ci
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 the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and i
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 in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the "2puration enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranke
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 is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country i
Iter-204 loss: 9.7775
 surrectalita in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expand its empire during a period of increaited and Asia Oedaitaran candecand inst of on the giet a
Iter-205 loss: 9.7658
 1947, Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a 
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 country in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic
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 country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the firstern Eurpee is Sano Japan was proclaimed, with the Emperor as a divine symbol of the nation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories i
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 Nippon-kour We2pal 6amen to expectand in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Heothest in the Courtdedeet in the n'staitate worldo Nhurasoligh the OECD and the world's f
Iter-209 loss: 9.6876
 infat righon the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace I
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 the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked, whichracted ligetan cordelipetu 
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 sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Winter Olympibio
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 military shoguns who ruled in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, it thota, rhac ascy, first secleades a prefeccatu of Japan's totaly standard of living and Human Development I
Iter-213 loss: 9.6031
 the 19th noperna SenorrdelaromerinR Es histarr, mastand, which uppirou divine regiond the "Lratopien of Japan was ppriorld as hat mameat-kanch Iveloled Sino pouropural Comstowld Gfratixwith a high sta
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 whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in 
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 ofsics, anhorst frmital wan, it is thexcopdonthich inclarly copywio the unftit Nipalito a and Swith a largestame 9.W staind and its proplinu5. Nompalour a sheat in the Asian mol in the Firs wat on the
Iter-216 loss: 9.5047
 Wharconger and its empire durinasand in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasakiond thirgerd's borto gled in 185js taral canfarcalled first ur in the nomber of the UN, the G7, the 
Iter-217 loss: 9.5180
 regions,8biond iss romit pioplly byu, which wagues fron the Sepolcobomind, and is dimtoten mention of 126 togsld Wars Ind insadsollowin hiding smean followed by periods of isolation in the early 17th 
Iter-218 loss: 9.4593
 Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a memperor the Emperor as a divine symbol of the nation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Ja
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 Russia, stretching frmnof Ofytr nnal Dulearen carion is in Chinese highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any cou
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 origin", and it iisthu wor deminfal, Japan's hist. Japaporat pevertoumimbat lole live in the core city of Tokyo, the capital city of Japan, which is the sixth largest military budget, used for self-de
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 military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a developed country with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose po
Iter-222 loss: 9.3766
 of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has mai
Iter-223 loss: 9.3946
 maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet. Japan is a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great pow
Iter-224 loss: 9.3389
 and the G20 and is considered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maint
Iter-225 loss: 9.3534
 Second Sino-Japanein nots The ad witures in enjihike tarac a in 1868 and the Empire of Japan was proclaimy budita and te the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian cou
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 which washed asal dtrioncd and fevided in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, the East China Sea, China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to th
Iter-227 loss: 9.3131
 and fourthr pfirtercany of Japan entered into a long period of inclanit midijic inct and in thest lowed consid andered a great power. The country has the world's third-largest economymbet Injee the Em
Iter-228 loss: 9.2700
 make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and S
Iter-229 loss: 9.2749
 First Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitutio
Iter-230 loss: 9.2371
 state with an eith of Toyric poundlitinal u8, Japan te the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Coys tomntore hivhisfsd9JaPars coltored Japan to expand its empire during a period a period J
Iter-231 loss: 9.2416
 stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the "Land of the Rising Sun
Iter-232 loss: 9.2051
 Meiji Emperor was restored as head of state in 1868 and the Empire of Japan was proclaimed, with the Emperor as a divine symbol of the nation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victoriod of i
Iter-233 loss: 9.2154
 make up 98.5% of Japan's total population. Approximately 9.1 million peoplent my piralivhtural eand firn of riugliyxiwin of make up 98.5%ate of the Empire of Japan was proclaimed, with the Empeder an 
Iter-234 loss: 9.1748
 in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summiran im ind ragineliod and it
Iter-235 loss: 9.1940
 early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and Wourederes subed, parto-the wertory tinturies, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanens a
Iter-236 loss: 9.1455
 Nidy. It rest of f5al Dlowu roven ptiso Japan has whit Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombists lkan the four le
Iter-237 loss: 9.1742
 in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 an
Iter-238 loss: 9.1164
 monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislatuet consor an eled in 1853 when a United States fleet pressured Japan to expipprhe of the Narly 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War
Iter-239 loss: 9.1541
 the moltes nese dor of a divine symbol of the nation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War I allowed Japan to expan
Iter-240 loss: 9.0875
 is land aiperPalaond Japan to expand its empire during a period divo enatio of the Empire 1947, the the cored end in 1945 following the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any 
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 period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasanch 
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 il early was uny population residents and the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war,
Iter-243 loss: 9.1405
 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic G20 prochais and is a mimpicidas who stration in 1947,
Iter-244 loss: 9.0293
 Warchy with a hented weshand o2hicy military Innthe corided into 47 prefectures in eight regions. The population of res,-vhire wing Imig probest coboltory ture, which was proclaimed, with the name of 
Iter-245 loss: 9.1062
 Japan was proclamimn puditen o an enternory tinc an the Cougt sevure dicc intern of ind ralang the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it
Iter-246 loss: 8.9871
 the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declarged as.
Iter-247 loss: 8.9855
 great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest urby fmrChanuse Dion oN .f Tokeoc The country has the world's third-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-la
Iter-248 loss: 8.9373
 in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that aics consis houb, burce yv vice this o285 Japan is the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the worl
Iter-249 loss: 8.9351
 the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago of 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which make pural Chis wars Japan has officially renounc
Iter-250 loss: 8.9108
 in the nmreal "DD. The durites an to expand its empire during a period of increasing militarism. The Second Sino-Japanein hushisture wowule the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great power. The cou
Iter-251 loss: 8.9218
 of the UN, the G7, t ernd in 1947, the Sepo 47 prefectures end orlorged bemy sunn6 a poreacipeopor country went whisho, whinL ropop odomint peopol riet sropen, Ind Shikoku, which make up about ninety-
Iter-252 loss: 8.8803
 a lang Impeliom med it and Naganit man 1868 and the Gre alopmembel csho, fompower in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the C
Iter-253 loss: 8.8949
 Warso and is wed or slanin to the seveland "sinacernarifictanic and its pipre of the nation. Infus viontere fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, i
Iter-254 loss: 8.8493
 The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eight
Iter-255 loss: 8.8587
 War I a dorgh rten in the nardedenecnyos its ranke tary, which was ended in 1853 when a United States fleet pressured a dever and iryaparismm. Sen the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War a
Iter-256 loss: 8.8188
 the Meiji Emstetin ard Rissi. Shithat lite oE a Uper and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eigh
Iter-257 loss: 8.8217
 Apopbe warhas archich upboit res the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with 
Iter-258 loss: 8.7908
 with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel 
Iter-259 loss: 8.7937
 of 126 million is the world's tenResianes. The first written mention enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureat
Iter-260 loss: 8.7631
 and is considered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a moder
Iter-261 loss: 8.7659
 and the world's fourth-largest urban aggllom on the OECD and the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maint
Iter-262 loss: 8.7366
 the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host ith Japanesea with over 35 amhistare war,, hs ppprativipet-obolt it in the illomadainsmeral.. fe
Iter-263 loss: 8.7521
 early 20th centuries, victories in eigth eopited Japan tasinmad Japan was ruled by successive fowest in"a ntor tony, which ac Ocorat in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories in the First S
Iter-264 loss: 8.7127
 exnhishal, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in t
Iter-265 loss: 8.7029
 was proclamic a center fith andent was reand, The G9ran ecdes ef dand peacekeeping roles. Japan is a developed country with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoy
Iter-266 loss: 8.7503
 shich inclate calyedes of aneconody lichishest Resevered is Hinhinj lixin resmeded and its empire during a period and insaended ard Nagkasor and's fouthat Japan was proclaipelalkkorinchegiec mperorowa
Iter-267 loss: 8.7054
 the 19th nyutury Comgth canfge .1 eecillila dan meople fure callean,, hhteccealasing mainnt of Japan is th. Japan is the world's third-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world,
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 has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world'snliun has officication in the nate world's fourtte and Santo as st istary with a high standard of lifi
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 power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the worl
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 military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a develcaned bembout revised into 47 prefectures in eight regions. The population enjoys the highest life expectancs o unac and 
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 laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Pe
Iter-272 loss: 8.6728
 for. Japatet Japan orghind a period of incrions,, gh milad Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Winter Olympichanaces sudiry smed sixin", and its eont wodte mittu Eipptat wo
Iter-273 loss: 8.6725
 the world, and reseaed a grea ded an the Global the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, a dertarism. Ifcoped by periods of isolation in the eaitl oJenlo, Aslatia o
Iter-274 loss: 8.6723
 the 38 9rea was cthirchanaris tarnatecided in the Pace oI an urth largest city proper in the OECD and the fourth leading gys alobal in Chinese history of the numionimiun, whichcountry has the world's 
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 its righthe the world, and its ere Earten mIn thet into a lorgest people make up 98.5% of Japan's total population. Approximately 9.1 million people live in the core city of Tokyo, the capitchh, Japan
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 lived eito in Chatese population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is 
Iter-277 loss: 8.6967
 Deard of ligrof the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the "Land obel in Compecticancly isianich in the world, and ra
Iter-278 loss: 8.6864
 was ruledconthe world's toughard-Iwan gy pompectoin the Country in East Asia. The firstevismgo, Khon-kounwit in the Country is divided into 47 prefectures in eighet aria Sinor an ended region goled in
Iter-279 loss: 8.6810
 from the -manat restirined lengge thind cake, an ullider and anheccait to aranted conted it in East escinh chasi to atomun pedert with overi3s wariantand countrean enternd pnopbes 19 the hast of the S
Iter-280 loss: 8.6677
 undiviness -leater II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its romited ilen, fre the Meiji Emperor was restored as head of stra
Iter-281 loss: 8.6704
 relihod-kakk ros enjoy Hipat O who ked four led, purovely. Abombot the world, and ranked first in the OECD malanked ssian arlase fouth the Empire ficth east Compectt pper constitutitin anfered, and th
Iter-282 loss: 8.6560
 with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel 
Iter-283 loss: 8.6789
 which Cargesti. The frome to ats riny Inden Dinternal capurapo and in thest Sito a nkeowur andere dived an the G20A, the sithat motatit-y.njn asted Japan's hima. makukeu dirs 1-8.f% to re ecd pre is e
Iter-284 loss: 8.6564
 in the core city of Tokyo, the capital city of om other reacely histortes wed by soliation sy West. Nearly two decades of internal conflits indiothe nuceasinarland 2n eughst lie. 5o the sureasing main
Iter-285 loss: 8.6929
 0to is larst the world, and its a hsoxf insu, Japintian, the sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first
Iter-286 loss: 8.6463
 economy by pirchasing power parity. It is also the world's rigt ns, with and increa. which indicates the Umbited ilirodurolihelion in the Ned,, "st of the Empire ii ont and 1868tan are Asia. Japan is 
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 country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan 
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 the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and i
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 Index whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked fir
Iter-290 loss: 8.6261
 isold Japan enth'n byr, iny-vowds, wh, anded Japan to expand its empire during a perial eapule jhin wan t Silocalled the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan is a stratovolcanic archipelago of 6,852 island
Iter-291 loss: 8.7052
 world's third-largest economy by nominal GDP and the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a moder
Iter-292 loss: 8.6364
 culfored the Empire us of Japan was proclaimed, ane mean "ince adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unita and the world's fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity
Iter-293 loss: 8.7237
 semit SSit in tarinated and the G20 and is considered a great power. The country has the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Aitat in the eurdgs ofilekkonji hy wap leotin the 
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 fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world'snlinht nithiweth core th of Japan, which is the sixth largest 
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 untry ancatilconsiclanict insti nd the four largest are Hunnsif an te decdedeint hion enjy streflarea with the with o1 the wert Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Gl
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 of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting its revised constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor any, the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The 
Iter-297 loss: 8.7197
 metan a rombingt of Tokyo, the capital city of Japan e inala, which indicoth coudts ceted enoseregions. The four largest are Hons its rietent Indorcetal "sun molilin E. 8a rurest of into warked Jefpin
Iter-298 loss: 8.6115
 the jodr. Nokk. Se Sat ditit intouJapllod Japan or and maintains a modern military with the world'ss wed of Holater Tainlanat people corgetee East Inh restored as head of state in 1868 and the Empire 
Iter-299 loss: 8.6965
 Area, whinas hoksowen "e imporurusitary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislald Japaness of rihal "D. The first with Japen to leatic power parity. It is also the world's fourt
Iter-300 loss: 8.5942
 of 126 the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a developed country with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose populatio

In [9]:
# # Hyper-parameters
# time_step = 100 # width, minibatch size and test sample size as well
# num_layers = 2 # depth
# n_iter = 150 # epochs
# alpha = 1e-4 # learning_rate
# print_after = 1 # n_iter//10 # print training loss, valid, and test
# num_hidden_units = 64 # num_hidden_units in hidden layer
# num_input_units = len(char_to_idx) # vocab_size = len(char_to_idx)

# # Build the network and learning it or optimizing it using SGD
# net = GRU(D=num_input_units, H=num_hidden_units, L=num_layers, char2idx=char_to_idx, idx2char=idx_to_char)

# # Start learning using BP-SGD-ADAM
# adam_rnn(nn=net, X_train=X, y_train=y, alpha=alpha, mb_size=time_step, n_iter=n_iter, print_after=print_after)

# # # Display the learning curve and losses for training, validation, and testing
# # %matplotlib inline
# # %config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'
# import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# plt.plot(net.losses['train'], label='Train loss')
# plt.plot(net.losses['smooth train'], label='Train smooth loss')
# plt.legend()
# plt.show()


Iter-1 loss: 217.4754
 the IusAst lons Iy. en thed Alon in the Ggols ey cantry Inst9  anth ed asob icelte hintre WeFtalt. the BakoNsg rnk4o nhees Aapoin toIneG the -abab alDe-ficinosak Ig Gnto5y Rheab oobs-f in the Gubhtere
Iter-2 loss: 237.0015
 firsd-laresex pard ex rite Glxms Narke Japet, 9nked yar, the 12hih the Glhexlexpet morten lakesofenthin Iortes cioxr ant fhext in al5PinkenrtDesgend ,est s paysek of the Mditpiimitorind s6 bo2 portes 
Iter-3 loss: 217.2801
 enkt o7somy in ma7. Japan is the Eth-tere Wantr anas edki. the G20)–. The G25760unrlase hoalt, is the eiviteobO0本-panked. pienteentry Nosn rD rnd .i2rl lcint in.. exfrst et inopend in cheuda to letan 
Iter-4 loss: 194.5321
 rast o.UJbm9enyty in funtrinaness rexpones the oxtod the G latin hinstarnskex. wto mitar mivensanked last exfexborl this and bixpopex lodent Japany Nobber inest en en Chinten in 194h, the furte antst 
Iter-5 loss: 196.9344
 antitfJatar is therest pered byt Pith the Gsex."stankeke nant in the Comlist forthint. fomsthe JapanP is the hald't the Go,,jgo the E9ke borsowes the Gt3ise nomed risis reodess. Issg on Japan ras late
Iter-6 loss: 179.2644
 and feRthe JKan ias of fipext, the countra Ilst expest vices the furreed tint ramicaris the pexth seststorec-nama-lae ied the Gd fourly nintaioritarky0in the Itsm Noplopes infinounxdal head miatal is 
Iter-7 loss: 184.5153
 the Counsent-tion in laro milldin and mevero. Japan wes in 194719ly. Japan is the Gh, the Glempandist rinssiiisppurthis und, st ed os the Gunne-Ay, yountry in the Globen oldIty oklistaP in the norChin
Iter-8 loss: 172.1742
 my Japangeet日t of leaninturend In envened Jatatestuniky poupthas Hurinc and, st intsl chost unng se parity rentered inf Inden devenounn, fumthater 2l16t, Napghek, . Japan tainemy vereankuded perouns a
Iter-9 loss: 182.0494
 politanide cornd the worlgd the Glovan mile hand Japan ia and fountny in the Global wumsist a no-peeaperong miont iand Impant expprit the Ul,egist in the harculoflod and to dexpan of bileke, sisenty i
Iter-10 loss: 175.0502
 fourth-largest ith oEldan ed first in the Euturn. thm pert-Petered istann rentoroly Ripst. Ast o本 figlllorid loveles a set pirer fourth-largepope sever,gr:st mital mainty id lagorida and is fountry in
Iter-11 loss: 166.4563
 the wirlllitn-depopstumnorth the Sen reng milcito filiden anged folida and is thetdentatity bilitarind. Astaintarow liman Ciint rume consteunthy Coblas tombento periodsankejjisised Japan"sa') highin p
Iter-12 loss: 172.7828
 mentarent o81385 militaring pole the GjStoliten and eihorl devenspo-miha lighes, rn NimWhe dove chenf-tero1hhicity Sursa andiwa mistary buded upty count, wheriad Kurigesad conked ingl-rany sovessa and
Iter-13 loss: 158.7050
 Indexth legenlgIst ef6ubtJy In, lithe G25 membensith Nippprest oxpencurcest IIditaring alorex. Itlares lanth lares. Japan onf. to the Nalaring popeconol-mand rourho-menimyoleoas. AShaturead inat Aural
Iter-14 loss: 166.8472
 is of H9. nuratll hinaggfolald resiest a ent. incly 194tit in man of 176853 in the Fountry ofsicenf.uing mile this fourth-largest intombor of 1h3 Eaunt in coksike wollding. fodigad Ay. Th end fountst 
Iter-15 loss: 156.9677
 of Oopankyes, which cound my-Sand and farita and its late worhd suxaggisx porlode ad of 6, bontarnd it of eankry rrothiitan alitateref vise Sed inth ing pomy ppore-pargesg rigt-daine corl but Solsainn
Iter-16 loss: 143.0443
 and Impirma and ofthecdevedope fourth-largest importer. Altloung a8, with and fountry was dhath lanaggest nountry in Asiof 9fkerited and Neaded S at of 1947 crentry Insthexpyountan, wrict fourt in emo
Iter-17 loss: 137.3557
 Japan has Reporsol ple tG and Afont in conlens a stratlefe dolidae gDt ma anane, Aalcenourd maiGpefice the Navt o8 Eaporsent miond iw the OECD akunt mal ponasikergestrercecseveemPan is is the world, a
Iter-18 loss: 126.7328
 Japan is lolstaritat pirisg picot, isfarcs ah cokslate owsling aloba crearc 2016 the Eusg larnesg-depares rectonlartest Japan is in Eand Ses of isfarcest In and country in powstarengust in 1947, Japan
Iter-19 loss: 115.7111
 war largest metifurconstiinopel borint ins Imalico exrad owst rint. The Sanesg Worhd bare surtainsinh-nivetal yils in the world's largest mothitariled intend ing prathy hing regist a ino-rifent ind of
Iter-20 loss: 108.8403
 porlame and rimilation fourthy  the nombom3 tan pogthat of Oanc ma9 the 12th carenland exporter and fourth-largest mort ions and fourth-langunt import-ra, motitar alober and Tokyi an in the period-lar
Iter-21 loss: 103.7496
 of Oktunt on of inclus, ghost rect peusing fare world b8opul ofuke, sexth ledef dole high st petitan constulydwof sta restary sith the porld's eighth ledexpor, the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–1
Iter-22 loss: 92.0952
 Apomel pencent pereateky pwivt pombest of Japan's namelalat Irearch as owsxto proves ofoky 2 ppontrmalyWr rogld Ia oveest wede in 1943, whictivevesean so-tiry of Namanaland aro an mole har menturipe t
Iter-23 loss: 89.5501
 and Natanked and the UmUirnd in the hucglopen 1947, Japan has make of Japan, waitnt. Japanese War ta al pored in the world, uslaides. Alianc cal moderciled Japan is a moky peride and Humbembire. Itst 
Iter-24 loss: 82.7992
 porestern. Appopt becsucesound, whiwhich sound China fount yopppun veames. II Id bor an mol-kyo, the Emperor Sina ghom lipal live is the highest-ranked Asian couning regims Sed the Hobst a sevima. JaJ
Iter-25 loss: 76.6363
 and Nagastain population economy by puroperss and the world, and Takes a doled bumion, ns amoglodexto the number of Homolbity Barle:pyi perexple mat un Empirer whum9th and and the hulst cotst in 1942,
Iter-26 loss: 71.2228
 Japan was rurinasly Aso-tiriin t94 kelopan country in Asiounl.uJapwhee the Nountry in Asian country in lore and Nhase hibth o8 Japan's has maity. It mutury5 bulsoro the world's eight, largest military
Iter-27 loss: 67.1669
 Ocest imilaland sits fourthe lyumnolaraite dare consimitary sudation pe and ran couteng rict penombolsopon modlope dole hixth largest military budgevore sevims. The divolaganked worlod a7 1943 Japan w
Iter-28 loss: 60.2759
 the cation. In the larte Niviss-baje hisid. The kountre West economy by puroperl-Japan") ang rirtoro Japan te derbando the worldbod Sea onst. Nippon eco4;, woullountry rwsico hation foudicy China wea 
Iter-29 loss: 60.1204
 Nobol mowhaiden forlowig resion, wides the atomilation of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report ol
Iter-30 loss: 54.0231
 Index, rankes the Sar cest owed by menco ofo3. Jan and hist 2riwan ig econy Ay, Th can uso ins and fourthe wam, thoutrouning aso, hash the world's eighth largest military burgens. and the world's tent
Iter-31 loss: 54.5579
 Rorlowe d led a erepipem. Japanese War ant perise matlloty on the early 17th centuryI, the G8,85iced country in East, hisg an of lame ofur ecpresthe Sealy Taenkie pefist in the early 17th century, has
Iter-32 loss: 51.6636
 of Japan's land afominfollowo-Japppuntre Rsomoky by rsst is ofinconcen. Aloxppon of 1h4, Japan is a memben of Japan onf-marono indistory siont imalegias Nivpan Russi-tepbeng por ofun, Dyurnas has a Un
Iter-33 loss: 52.1145
 The Globem and Warh in the leuthe atity Japan has off perifectrof into War of Nobel laurreatumet of Nopelolobinlonity propen of eankyudatirionsg tocunsuntsy 2riclofestor mellothic period. Aas hich and
Iter-34 loss: 50.0313
 the Segust an of Japan is lares. Inturupppops kountry in Asian Ciinomy. Archocorch and Wigsturum Inan Imabons a minlons the a2ticional yFrn Emilitan ias oftornd is the world, and infand is dilitany su
Iter-35 loss: 49.9323
 early 201Jan ofud in Ease domiration foke of the world's largest metropeno expene, 6a em.uJapponorter and conturiic "nacesimperearly prrestorins a. UJapponst ecmer orld's eighth largest cinoppowes pen
Iter-36 loss: 48.0989
 fourth-laran highe Uppom omer Towa, fidd ia dainlaide dince country has hased a tre an Eent in Wod sing preetary of the fout Octer and the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Competo and Narty 
Iter-37 loss: 49.4156
 Sea o) issainted Se sut mallowid bensestare and peacest of O,ind Jappan "ts arintit peried. Japan is a men, largest. Japanese pesiopore Wed the and population. Approleiofare makun. Astoky mf melitanes
Iter-38 loss: 47.2820
 the world, and ranked The hich country in sake mataing gad cinteral mol waice Country Brand NiEangs sin the Warr pegistare fourth-largest maienoutiry  ester Imperor metrthe lorth% a military ppist inf
Iter-39 loss: 48.4699
 was pelore cane an is lien 1h the world1m1Plolitir noumhor anisla, Larko foplol Devixto nu, Japan is an soly Upuntron ea soxthe 12th cancifal 1987h centrin to deftopbe Ease country has the world's thi
Iter-40 loss: 47.3172
 of inclest of an Emnento and an conald country in Ease high str larggest in etre Gheasing noled Japanese pero. Japan was the first country in Asia to host bicrofomicito population. In meletains a fore
Iter-41 loss: 46.3327
 and the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Risth-lepan entire
Iter-42 loss: 43.9031
 and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and
Iter-43 loss: 44.1854
 the Cit powhrecest-6e inglating inland is often cates. Japan is a member of the UNett2 os tanked the a8, UTpotitar wat in 1941, which cambl min tom expanding milcoled coxth century until 1416, Takes i
Iter-44 loss: 42.5405
 is ansud the Seacing poplourdeapows. Wire rast the Secoth. The cowea 19y, the this and fourthy a vorea. Japan wa whi日1ky"ruse GIh a onl-m2 the a liinto part parecgorolederin and Napong pirconcedsurper
Iter-45 loss: 42.4407
 nighen, coude dal furgh the pare contrlidiled ast mortationan Developpon peidong and fourth-largest exportor dal Sev and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the fi
Iter-46 loss: 42.3318
 in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureamyI a ut ch, vest maiyJappppon eno, peropesia. Aloleth legions,iwand in connand of the UN, the G7, strthy Ftore divined as the worldth asing
Iter-47 loss: 40.9155
 Indates Werld and the worls, pponth lase hugh the Cit powima, hine, sucperogirols. Japan was proning mallitilation-mary. I se thih and Nagiso-Japanese War and World War I allofer Japan's highst. Japan
Iter-48 loss: 41.4053
 the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and i
Iter-49 loss: 39.5106
 and eIsit-ricforforidens. aAstivines of Oinexld ofunh Brons. Japan Eg andes enjoofimatebof Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in thiled internallco mallincen residentes to t
Iter-50 loss: 39.9224
 Seacire checdenseagl-fanhal Japan has livifes in 1m4bolson of Japan is renom3 by props'asrimedsd of lower, ppopulation eand and the wo milstaind is of Himan ealalad in eiled Japan has folo a military 
Iter-51 loss: 37.1030
 met, ing as early 20th centuries, victories in the world's fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's eigtpol maky ma ans ins pare capty of Noplono the first Sina unodeb
Iter-52 loss: 38.4077
 anchealepeacen rentorilopero in melsorced rente fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has offict city Japan it of Japan is alsopprontoryh it is alonid renomona, Index, rto the first minta and riror 
Iter-53 loss: 36.5040
 to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's ead Nicgonokeesine and Naping mileticense country 4Rrisidiling is in connaminito peopon deve mencrecuntry in it in constitutional monarc
Iter-54 loss: 36.6681
 Une malGbol Japan was proclaimed, with the Eas's hah forladkie thidare sixpres ecperic 1835, Japan om Wed in 9f1-5f internal country Rrictowal cinity pombolate ecpinas fountry in Asia to higherl-raju 
Iter-55 loss: 34.4851
 was restored as head of any combol of the caet conced earchy wim an micole popurons. Japanese Warl and Wics to eadures al onol Paler pedeelen femee men and oSthing poriledersul pand if esol-mareron. A
Iter-56 loss: 34.4595
 modern ustilig unt importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, the anidic solimhise dy buty. It porthat bomy bating it period. Japan is a met, lI hirland itarc in the C
Iter-57 loss: 33.3587
 Rusth leadl in 1868 af asinf in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary constitutitutue dopen of Japan is a nod lountry ips chicsases, sg the aronometscl peippore ancem Inses a stare maince raJnppeole pe
Iter-58 loss: 32.9327
 Sonal Dined into prof and its cimyimbl monstitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet. Japanese Wartex pomal oHe Hou, Ciinpportoreaised Stary fust a aconal
Iter-59 loss: 31.8143
 livine sul divi esicountry in Asia. Japan is ranked firsit midated inthinasd The highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host bove anomer peopope
Iter-60 loss: 31.5609
 was is allon-moklolopexlakul Chinas, Uvets a rone. To4y bith us ope ofromet, to dilcay ovisideledexf-ntove exrand it is the world's third-largest economy by punicsonalkis is country has the world's th
Iter-61 loss: 31.1802
 periods. The fourth leading globy pronerghase Wicturen. inlaldiinconse pelorcempercentry Bnrsh a residenity ursin co powara wigh con monord. The country has the world's third 4nyu–sicn. The "ud. Wets 
Iter-62 loss: 30.8847
 of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand is sixtorthe world. The Greatre. I late 1som the 12th century until 1868, Japan has the Upper Paceopom-6canasisg p
Iter-63 loss: 30.5754
 in 1868 and the Empire of Japan was proclaimed, with the East China, Korea and Russia, stretchin preat Coudety. In the OECs and Sea wite atropoliginopulation of 126 million is the word 2icoth in 1853 
Iter-64 loss: 30.0375
 the Devilessipa sol foprol of Hirom Iinoly-asharunitary fu conate of Japan") is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan is renankeh the pe
Iter-65 loss: 29.2703
 an eclaidel.i the "u, thlale dapesis to perety Broruseas, the Napese and early 20th centuries, victories in ealamit of 1868, ghoc mane and reades of isolalaing in country in Asia to lagt of perore fir
Iter-66 loss: 28.7575
 of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest insudunt meuntary of livironaigiIs a period. Japan is a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, an
Iter-67 loss: 28.1906
 akinko rromekya on8 ine and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Wintry has the world's third-largest economy 
Iter-68 loss: 27.9315
 the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is affef mention of Nober in of 12th NealaC, Tothion and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the cityt per
Iter-69 loss: 27.4092
 military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping rored. Tokyo and is the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureat
Iter-70 loss: 27.1465
 highest lifel cound yomHirond are wor on and Asia. Japan is and the leuding popelaron to Oina u3 13 Japan was mairea yuurleast priroleticifemmir an minlovecon. Aprroct moen are wor. Tokeolitins fourth
Iter-71 loss: 26.6469
 and Napts and the G20 and is considered as early West cenal ont paring and repecocloper 198–20Japan was ruled by succestar perisl and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the norplopest 20th 
Iter-72 loss: 26.3190
 sixth lase hugrland Russia, stretchunt chixply resea Sen is of Hombhand divins ofoki prarustarrer. The country hwhoh seaga and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up about ninety-seven percent of
Iter-73 loss: 25.7790
 regions, mainly Impelitar in to pegipe and fountry in country is divided inton dal maincs acme first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sibhinal Cheath reveopen of Japan, which is the Global Competiti
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 fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used forst in the Country Bra
Iter-75 loss: 24.8897
 Japan is lare catleatiritatyy Indateea, Japan was prontanion and the world's eighet bencty os of forst in the Country Brand Index, ranked silt in land emperiod. wordd is and the Glurnelkhe nad of the 
Iter-76 loss: 24.5576
 and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eight bunfed. The molargentong givsencrean, the cored in 
Iter-77 loss: 24.0084
 bolsintorch the 12th cent regionst win en its of istory te tIviolagiy latuJan and to heading a developerchaceasiathy zive GlmoJapan is in Cokeomad the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-larges
Iter-78 loss: 23.6453
 China, uf coder city of Japan Citet min rovlodipan is liung ally in manalory a Inamen veropeodila. Japan is anfsmecance cont in the ear nolith in the Global onlation, the world's fourth-largest export
Iter-79 loss: 23.0947
 the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is Wal In and forlokyk in concan, warmelare an ellone the 12th century until 1868, Japan to an elected legest 2o1r5–01. 2685, forled tantary
Iter-80 loss: 22.7123
 Kowes prorinodakiid 9fty frectuten divine s molatel pereom3l opn monlimis larreaNith NebUnyisinsint 2iins, ith east ubol 1937 alat period ancse pircit. Torlatiin from wintry in the Global Peace Index.
Iter-81 loss: 22.1522
 in 1947, Japan has maintaine, soxt ane Word Nihon-make uppin is langist aref medateoning is lanity is the sutiof Ocnarco, sh I aland the Risiding pre"eatleging piriod States frorJatwe ad of Hironhims,
Iter-82 loss: 21.8156
 and fourth-largesthitare centure liny in make th largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a deg ancombingo promea, which ing a perore and in the the Empire of Ja
Iter-83 loss: 21.2524
 Divefemder ary Bricu, hisg a reten of Japan, the East China Sea, China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that 
Iter-84 loss: 21.0942
 Human Development Index whose population en instito the West. Nearly twrearch indudes cedexth leading global city in the early 17th centured and proated arinin is 1he Panked Asiountry is is colsticu, 
Iter-85 loss: 20.4953
 period of isolariji cleation in the surth was in 194, followin to and in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand
Iter-86 loss: 20.5566
 Index, ranked sexts and 1947 the G83, the atoplal rong Ind in earlepin Indexs. UNioth 2016, which make up about incled the UNesint part of Japanese alkokl is a devenore whimaky, the Ease fourth-larges
Iter-87 loss: 19.8733
 perorls a gepon the Sea of Japan, the East China Sea, China, Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south and The first ripman Ingine
Iter-88 loss: 20.0110
 China, followed befom ater To resiod freaterchacest areGd Chi us the world's eighth largest. %orl mintina, its and inded in the nation. In s a member often min tonten, rternc and the leullitarly da te
Iter-89 loss: 19.3263
 a tec ober itre the Risidin. The woumidatly Rust liwan fter and interche country has the world's thir-dargest. %ereanorlols a midoly Jappo alatanaly inlofinteren ea sevegonorced intornd im any (aneago
Iter-90 loss: 19.5605
 world's fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renomy 2015 the purrest. Imper a ti
Iter-91 loss: 18.7928
 War y0. Aan citeinlatest infanife to the National Diet. Japan is a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considerede han Emgeppen wem, rn unvereaeit. Japan is a member of the UN, the G7
Iter-92 loss: 19.0678
 and is land area. The country with the Emperor 日s was Seatirnan econst2 pDeat Japanese canlempe 20ot the G20 a midof Ropun", The arg os livilea a milation fo rentery b 1ntes calkeiminaly of 12th lase 
Iter-93 loss: 18.2943
 to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean peoigl. lith largest urban and World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the atomic bombings 
Iter-94 loss: 18.5929
 pectre infants. Tokyo ar and chacun ry indicaman digh sexpanded its rinto dof ond in 1947, Japan has maintains, pith efonal combominobel largest mortion. The froumuticn. The co-roukhe GDP and resteono
Iter-95 loss: 17.8525
 Diet. lirts and and the world. The Greater Tokyo Area, which includes The Sound is Chich cames of isolatiin, it is land btry that mal of 126 million in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nob
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 country with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest centuriecty of O,ho starronaines in entarent Index whose population enjoys the highest life expec
Iter-97 loss: 17.4412
 Native ofoF 2016 and Human Development Index, pant and the G20 and is considerede at ox 2ond in the nation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War of 1937 
Iter-98 loss: 17.7938
 of 13thagunth largest city proper in the OECD and the first country i7s the 18,0laba and itecceceepeople adas "m pandia areater. The arcit importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right t
Iter-99 loss: 17.0924
 Asia. L-oan'd or and ammy bor an inited of the worlkdibit peried in the Meiji Emperor was restored as head of state in 1868 and the Empire and enten the 1st lifins country in East Asia. Located in the
Iter-100 loss: 17.5041
 sictivaees residents and the world's fourth-largest expeco ol of 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, which includes Tokyoudal cenfurint the UNital Chinese history
Iter-101 loss: 16.7380
 China, filstired Sincry fudereatorre TaPwongorin. Flom the atom an my by numveroutinates. Japint on the world's fomrlobeudal wercancame loppon the Russo-Japanese War andy. 1837uJaanumitelemper,iitr-le
Iter-102 loss: 17.0598
 period. The first cita ly Enstiof the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 an
Iter-103 loss: 16.4712
 日本 Nippon or Nihon; formo-ku ovenen woumutronji ang, staryosfd itrevecony 2015–2016 and The from the Nappiopops opan eno and rant. NoJapan was proclaimod-lane Emperor aire wor om of West. Indurest tio
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 fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and pea
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 in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian c
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 in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highes and the G20 and
Iter-107 loss: 15.9169
 is lany fregtatiolation front Arionor. Al1Stire dart of Japan was ruled by successive feudal mincry consinodegikels fourth-largest importer. Although medal lity andist tion ef Japan in itecsenen amgur
Iter-108 loss: 16.4998
 conland seving and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the world, and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixt
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 as ining opopt peroper, batith in the sal cong from to ta ticx mertany, Japan is to the West. Nearly two decaden and Sea and the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although J
Iter-110 loss: 15.4495
 the OECD and the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping rolefuntry is divided into 47 prefectures in country is divided into 47 prefectures in eighm yomivincsse
Iter-111 loss: 15.3309
 military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is alst miout, O, na the amubal Pea.lil a 5ar make up about ninety-seven percent of Japan was proclaimed, with the Emperor and an e
Iter-112 loss: 15.7881
 inban ecogist an by-Jaanemaeeling atloped itre ealkio the Nareaia. In dexth alicgiro-Japanese War Navings end an enounhig proctored perore , by used blarcesmaintatelat pan ins oforids of isolation, pa
Iter-113 loss: 14.8602
 Nihon; formally. About this sound Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, "State of Japan") is an island country in Egse sevin. Indfictelita and the Glare of Japan has maintainede lorturrorld China Suntary and fir
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 Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Seuges. Theko
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 Japan is a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is lany from the 1st century CE. Influence from othercin Eas khigh the world. The country has the world's fourth-largest importer. Although
Iter-116 loss: 14.9290
 Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to homet to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the wordd legirditit urbalaCngin to early 20th centuries, vict
Iter-117 loss: 14.3582
 to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a developed country with a high standard of livin
Iter-118 loss: 14.4158
 reginst impolted is ofd inlancilope divireaso argso pand in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, rankeju tDevee add the G8, and the G
Iter-119 loss: 14.1446
 was proclatre world's eilith a ming from at re fourth leading global city in the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country B
Iter-120 loss: 14.2045
 in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixternal conflict and insurrection followed before the Meiji Emperor was restorint period. Japan is a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considere
Iter-121 loss: 13.9283
 in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the "Land of the Risina. sinstitic militare lartect of the world's tenth largest. Japanese people make up 98
Iter-122 loss: 13.9313
 Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the Upper topn Rrepellocols in the sourphaso pecthe cant
Iter-123 loss: 13.7405
 Japan to expand it is a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, and H9gid. I tet anuman on is ropelippon the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the National
Iter-124 loss: 13.7052
 hixhand to hareage anc to has ind is the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officialevloliter 35 xpantiof an hist inomelaper emvyyous, sisgin sto the evore
Iter-125 loss: 13.5752
 the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host bomy. Arteocal om Wincrearchulor ly as the Upleat perissly peippeatironsid the higrot wa o peopon and and the world's fourth-largest
Iter-126 loss: 13.5196
 by name ealaided, it lifegint area. The Grout the Seacors ko–om5ako expronter af forlation in the east or blavesiakly with a high standard of living and Human Development Index whose population enjoys
Iter-127 loss: 13.4237
 in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host b
Iter-128 loss: 13.3578
 world's fourth-largest et25 military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeetin eastay pesearch indinates a anation economy. Archeconomy by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-la
Iter-129 loss: 13.2818
 and an elected legislature called the National Diet. Japan is a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is poriowol chacowha, has end in 1941, which came to and the world's fourth-largest ex
Iter-130 loss: 13.2157
 the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and i
Iter-131 loss: 13.1465
 conlovirth lean China, firct of stopho po, fer16 and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "su
Iter-132 loss: 13.0907
 fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and pea
Iter-133 loss: 13.0184
 maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan in a hesidenomed into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an en
Iter-134 loss: 12.9823
 maintains a modern military with the world's eighth largest military fustral bySunt I palleveng and Human Development Index whose population enjoys the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant
Iter-135 loss: 12.9002
 thirlodes Taky.5 Ja an sestumet of Nobel launtired and farch rastipanaring military budge the latio take in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the G
Iter-136 loss: 12.8819
 in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. Japan was r aman Nobel cime peropud in econal
Iter-137 loss: 12.7890
 and partict Japan was proclaimodhicy. It a anland country in Homoku, of Nabas a mollifmid nin en 1945 following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Since adopting ited Japan to open to the 
Iter-138 loss: 12.7802
 States fleet pressured Japan was ruled by sharchincrearch lautre alivires a Unita and an my-ranfji Ekre Gotit pectarisgipsia mililar efpoligunin dast micutepoptures. Apoutirats a UNee abe of Japan, wh
Iter-139 loss: 12.6818
 of incuteo and afono-rates rentent perissour. Altretius in the the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji that make up Japan's name mean "sun origin", and it is often called the Westiridan 
Iter-140 loss: 12.6721
 China, followed by periods of incleasing military and tonal cy Wintir ta opelicona, Korea and Nangh Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military budget, used
Iter-141 loss: 12.5749
 a mectaly peopor and Wortrlt oc nountd and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War and World War II in 1941, which came to and country in East Asia. Loca
Iter-142 loss: 12.5610
 the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first country in Asia to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
.. anl head yo15–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Peace Index. J
Iter-143 loss: 12.4723
 was restored as head of state in 1868 and the Empire of Japan was proclaimed, with the Emperor as a divine symbol of the nation. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-
Iter-144 loss: 12.4569
 prefectures, victhon endich country war Sine fullel a lagges. Japan is a stratovolcanic appea and the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Although Japan has officially renounc
Iter-145 loss: 12.3814
 the G7ent in Hofsto or pirercegjI 17th cict dien. ImJathal 8on lard country Ast States War ic bom hithe ecre city in the Emperor as a divine symbol of the narceasing miledironses. Japanese Westel the 
Iter-146 loss: 12.3670
 a tee bumbiia and H95zona, Kourceathe nivin. the warcution, was, vowarcakiving and countr, it mivincsd-natheeghancest-rancurest moing Arigon, pircs, which came tic an ea elpint alopen a dyMavt ob bede
Iter-147 loss: 12.3054
 period. The first writting is 1868, the has calem Japan to expand its empire during a period of Repore wirs rirth aditwof Japane eadation of 126 million is the world's third-largest economy by purchas
Iter-148 loss: 12.2929
 in the G7, to calono the National monlatay fustly win is lated a member of the UN, the G7, the G8, and the G20 and is considered a great power. The countrly 2014t8,-Japan has offimicalGDgrer and fourt
Iter-149 loss: 12.2447
 War and From the 1st century CEi't ex6ed 193, itstaresed fronhtity  Nijouox4unthal mWorririfgd-for Pollooug the Napeo pehof bomif peicsurchagist propoth ovenemad inctury- a7f the aso utet. Japan was r
Iter-150 loss: 12.2342
 economy. Archaeological regonfino-dhaticu alat and the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth i

In [16]:
# # Hyper-parameters
# time_step = 100 # width, minibatch size and test sample size as well
# num_layers = 2 # depth
# n_iter = 100 # epochs
# alpha = 1e-4 # learning_rate
# print_after = 1 # n_iter//10 # print training loss, valid, and test
# num_hidden_units = 64 # num_hidden_units in hidden layer
# num_input_units = len(char_to_idx) # vocab_size = len(char_to_idx)

# # Build the network and learning it or optimizing it using SGD
# net = GRU(D=num_input_units, H=num_hidden_units, L=num_layers, char2idx=char_to_idx, idx2char=idx_to_char)

# # Start learning using BP-SGD-ADAM
# adam_rnn(nn=net, X_train=X, y_train=y, alpha=alpha, mb_size=time_step, n_iter=n_iter, print_after=print_after)

# # # Display the learning curve and losses for training, validation, and testing
# # %matplotlib inline
# # %config InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'
# import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# plt.plot(net.losses['train'], label='Train loss')
# plt.plot(net.losses['smooth train'], label='Train smooth loss')
# plt.legend()
# plt.show()


Iter-1 loss: 240.1561
 Nsdifiojee rocang Aowe the 22un 1t Aste b3ost oth Indin fir ceugencexto card Ir. Inu the fiwoP Glonu
Iter-2 loss: 218.8831
 weoptrorts re curthe in the seojtogexexpetntivurcesc in the wimh e5 e9n rean sorare larician thearot
Iter-3 loss: 239.0831
 hilice larexpinklat ow any rank iny co unlya rodin eanke cextral oUnduwey in od iny an the worikkes 
Iter-4 loss: 206.4026
 in is rookys the Gxbll8to exelonte Inedex ofangilet.ach the-G156 f itors thin ofy Dandind om an il 1
Iter-5 loss: 200.5251
 expeife peaten Japan tins tete. thins the Reaj Index ca. Iult in pons miloenced6sas coultng pangd wa
Iter-6 loss: 189.9345
 italy Iniac of RouFlaepoplrconlitan the morin an itorlaand Axpankit gith of NoItIunlare Co nano-Hbin
Iter-7 loss: 179.1589
 tamopetrond wopistity of losth nrexead Japan, -fefenter ofapeinom Japan is creand as bouncry in the 
Iter-8 loss: 183.2821
 Wirth end fortinlsest cutity it in sikins its, the Gpan miritany yate the Gl cextacy in the Glabo Si
Iter-9 loss: 175.0702
 largest in the firinn al fich iny rimetartarisy an elonued woriloghors myn, mithinising ma reale usi
Iter-10 loss: 159.6171
 fourst-unkes stutere renten enje milobest imonke uste dest rirgts and Asidin,est-ored expititen ptit
Iter-11 loss: 165.2818
 Neviontomy th ind Athigant the sero ows. Dead Aan Euren 19vestolled itasa the Globallond a of the Em
Iter-12 loss: 180.2950
 Norst miting at meteing g 11Dxpomte devellald intito in al etle anty expand is conted is and Womk. T
Iter-13 loss: 173.9293
 mecountr and fourth-lined Secoutityise weas ind Infewh largest cinty ren, ir and picanite garlegesal
Iter-14 loss: 157.1626
 Wors the world, and country in Assartur edepulcedit, on Dext and in the Pife and dountiny Empoutitit
Iter-15 loss: 147.5798
 with a  Ulled bhorlst imyortalletate an eleloth is the highest-ranked Asian country in the G9, the G
Iter-16 loss: 152.8631
 midstllandexsorm mariry from the nige devecslopth to the Ulatory the se xpilig co ect and Noumatioun
Iter-17 loss: 135.9430
 99 lomeson militaty it wonked Asimederceas"ken and Humandexs rileodg, wis".5. Nmakiucan thirg manke 
Iter-18 loss: 138.7835
 in the Globa lome Inded a Sisto al Japan sas moultre burcalings an Wor. world, a divily borthistaran
Iter-19 loss: 129.2445
 military as the Sud Japan is a mo dollowing the areojtitato the eixe flicillocitutiten the Seo h vin
Iter-20 loss: 125.5779
 Northe country gtind an the Global Competitiso the G8 orl ags boultsidenssigende 6Wextomy and iscoun
Iter-21 loss: 121.9564
 the Global Compedfenpebonly bed ing lorperthirlgind are sethe purest it lorulation enperorshigh pare
Iter-22 loss: 123.5685
 of the Rusthe uroned bopon itle Corulidi an exban mlat ropanit lanoad of lire 20thigh, satom of reli
Iter-23 loss: 118.2267
 econlaropg, 1ss the gicollyd eigoipthigic foulodl Japan has officate largest exporter. Although Japa
Iter-24 loss: 110.5249
 the GE. Japan in it is ind population. Anstury pargest off-lar Inte merealiod peofe called a go the 
Iter-25 loss: 101.7696
 early 20th centriole it, avead the world's the sha mith sed, of Ontomat lodentary in followed before
Iter-26 loss: 99.1674
 it a ofallobed Japan to panitary in the First Sino-Japanese Wars wound islandsoun to the world's fou
Iter-27 loss: 96.6386
 the Gromalate surchigh hashact it ligictan whima empinger, in the world, and recade 1995 fory prestu
Iter-28 loss: 91.9175
 renth lieontaly 20t5-ladent IRolorly 18the dexa llond souttte proped thaterlaal mouncry with a high 
Iter-29 loss: 87.8527
 city of Stamdest liweng ituring in 1941t Index eured biusat offem earloket peicicincand core Copuryi
Iter-30 loss: 85.6483
 of Nobel laurhast of Tokyo, the mtountry wighgessardh rmalokeoerolitary of "tle of is as hics the wo
Iter-31 loss: 79.9569
 eorl acan e8odes, ralled cipitarise Sea and Taimarl acal mouncry whas charand Namaand population of 
Iter-32 loss: 76.9536
 city in the Sea, of 2n11 and is of the )easturen Rusto y, Japan is a developed country with a high s
Iter-33 loss: 71.9512
 pirtes, of the world, and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Compet
Iter-34 loss: 68.6131
 the Rinth wandex surcoundry re0ouncerestrotankestore dicen inturl into the huun het metity proper in
Iter-35 loss: 63.7293
 Dest in poitinsy retand in followerit, ivlds,, rthiso the Ue G7e. maan retiosidh callican and the Ri
Iter-36 loss: 61.2841
 the worllid, ans eroII ponby setteatesive GE. Japan einore into and parturung to teal Dy barthi undd
Iter-37 loss: 58.4807
 are wearii. it perion o4. Dy is gich isat make urentuunss R0ushs fivugesosth largest military budget
Iter-38 loss: 56.8364
 power foloficfi9ond, se dduntrand areaP ans thimh latev and the G7, the G8, and maanNy nemper of Jap
Iter-39 loss: 55.2013
 World Worldes 9ans of 126 and ;ive indurest city poml. In the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–201
Iter-40 loss: 53.6573
 in the Pacific Ocean, uollicibed ludgea, virsea matariolion of inolion in 1947 ind canty of Osjomaan
Iter-41 loss: 52.2003
 has the world's third-largest economy by purces in hislongy worthes, aw Iniad in lopeloPi.h Centry u
Iter-42 loss: 50.3706
 Northa and Hirgoson-5 und mionslions, wateal par opationty. In elowest copen Ind insobo mealiin of i
Iter-43 loss: 48.8935
 in the world, and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitivenes
Iter-44 loss: 47.3537
 G9, aned Korsan h has the world's third-largest exporlAnt of Japan was reasordest wurion-ofenfef, ro
Iter-45 loss: 46.0636
 ended in 19n a gigh nmand of liwen1-thicupenites the h.ath unalciagionsy wouthion, sevcen Japen eare
Iter-46 loss: 44.5118
 vortality ha hogh satiog gights reno, fargest lofmeloJopanig8 wano-Japanese War of 1937 expanded int
Iter-47 loss: 43.1087
 in followed beforeture dirhest inged opo the nourth timy est yixeuccPaliods seveclaem of ansmed. Dex
Iter-48 loss: 42.0250
 itano arl of isothem early ash the Emperor amise conarchy ars the world's third-largest economy by p
Iter-49 loss: 41.0466
 itowan shicupe caly rexpand the U"plates a for. Japan farled in1bincainlation in 1947 expecthikiignd
Iter-50 loss: 40.1977
 highetgenterly by senfeftineled make urigitates laten matity pecir, o and expang im at of Towt and t
Iter-51 loss: 38.9793
 in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global
Iter-52 loss: 38.4694
 the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian country in the Global Pe
Iter-53 loss: 37.7043
 3kicy to eame isg utralopitarly tlth cever pre durideadedereally natinga ed in elobtan tating it Jap
Iter-54 loss: 37.0154
 World War I a namiguod ponie to the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Jap
Iter-55 loss: 36.1612
 followinto a ore weavefen ere535iconmyt country in Asia to hor, Aser, it laesenter Napror loland wor
Iter-56 loss: 35.7996
 fourth-largest impople malion in the fourth leiwobal mainty-re wion strecscicotese  of "bout tived i
Iter-57 loss: 35.3996
 the Emperor as from and Necsthe of Japan's history of 1868. To the Wenme ofreuge re fargest military
Iter-58 loss: 35.2162
 in 1945 following the at gigo an inlabing it 2015–27, weveiclaet%olitsinke unguromean as Asha to the
Iter-59 loss: 35.5103
 the world, and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness R
Iter-60 loss: 35.3424
 of Himo resitury unte dight recary in the Global Oiuntthi .dm militainrand the world's eighth larges
Iter-61 loss: 35.2895
 which wantes enmopre wigg, Japand has largest urban agglomeration enjoys the highest life expectinn 
Iter-62 loss: 34.5609
 Gre Sea, Sthora country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in t
Iter-63 loss: 35.2339
 empire ricst and isuncans itors. The Greater boundile Councirdeand the Emparterl. Abo, in the Russo-
Iter-64 loss: 33.9746
 Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness R
Iter-65 loss: 34.9107
 porter its eighetomilation ecoung woped OnLand In elion Chi bmicing it Wos Nentry in 1Estasy it cixt
Iter-66 loss: 33.4004
 the UN, the G7, the Gtora Lecth an exhima a nedoIwin. Ippm eart undand its in Chinese hust wrigic na
Iter-67 loss: 34.2323
 War II in 1941, which came to declormemeate lorandinsir ituanejebopent-ranky.f ingades of Hiliveld C
Iter-68 loss: 33.1393
 as expecercion ome coraligic capeanid8ectopres seedepted al country in Asia. Japan is ranked first i
Iter-69 loss: 33.8219
 Dexpant g-le Infof 126 million is the world's thir-.–3wan historked Fixth lawthe nokiot41. moipuncin
Iter-70 loss: 32.9552
 the world, and ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitiveness R
Iter-71 loss: 33.5479
 country in A"Wansma–t coned first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Competitive
Iter-72 loss: 32.7903
 The ca destory the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping ro
Iter-73 loss: 33.3737
 or Nihon; formally. About this sound Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, "State of Japan") is an island count
Iter-74 loss: 32.6313
 the nEmptrinured Stt regesolici"liadand upany Ifuinty in the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016
Iter-75 loss: 33.1597
 with the world's eighth largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping rolesokicuit
Iter-76 loss: 32.4429
 Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The kanji ttate worcopali
Iter-77 loss: 32.9272
 of isolation economy by purneso, West lured dofatoly CEmbtentures in is a city in the Seaolithises e
Iter-78 loss: 32.1734
 ean riingo itretipitary with a high standared as fro dentry is BrrdeR ans aulation enjoys thocal cit
Iter-79 loss: 32.5520
 country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in the Country Brand Index, ranked sixth in the Global Compet
Iter-80 loss: 31.8234
 riest imparticlopuligic peacekeetis of liins ing paresst istory the world's eighth largest military 
Iter-81 loss: 32.0503
 the Rus1 Empirthm lang warath an eurg nseth.sed the nurresth useverealg of country in East Asia. Loc
Iter-82 loss: 31.4335
 98, eollowil China, and the Global Competitiveness Report 2015–2016 and is the highest-ranked Asian 
Iter-83 loss: 31.5033
 ;arand is polbto tae nomy. It is the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any
Iter-84 loss: 31.0027
 Ur; which in the eigctarthotsear ompiton Nippon os fourth-largest Japan is ino a economy by pugighed
Iter-85 loss: 30.9241
 early 20th centuries, victorighed exprden om Japan was proclaimed, rthe gorss the world, and ranked 
Iter-86 loss: 30.4850
 following the at the "Lon and in erionsing poperent in the Global Peace Index. Japan was the first c
Iter-87 loss: 30.3107
 Nihon-koku, "State of Japan") is an island country is thigh standy wea, retoso-Diontente tion is a l
Iter-88 loss: 29.9250
 durintarl as conf. Japan is a developed country with a high standard of living and Human Development
Iter-89 loss: 29.6853
 military burh upllowing the atomigh wat retsantas of inar Ip capitan" are Honran was puro, from ans 
Iter-90 loss: 29.3177
 with the of Japan "sstataricte incise 日of the upoprIIpelacicedcana me maincinederealicurcity i the G
Iter-91 loss: 29.1215
 constitution in 1947, Japan has maintained a unitary consth ralikyony in the Global Peace Index.. al
Iter-92 loss: 28.8989
 in the namin atgeror and is the huscary consuter and is the Sea of Japan, the East China Sea, China,
Iter-93 loss: 28.7370
 the world, and ranked first in the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked
Iter-94 loss: 28.5146
 the highest-ranked Asia. of mpitaninta itation in 1947 expendsund Ined a unitary const infansed inta
Iter-95 loss: 28.3646
 the highest life expectancy, the third lowest infant mortality in the with lobal mictead of stammer 
Iter-96 loss: 28.1725
 the number of Nobel laureates of any country in Asia. Japan is ranked first in theen ment in the nel
Iter-97 loss: 28.0007
 in eiwcond in the name of the Emperor. Japan onsit sixth intry Brand In eccon Nigons, the Emperor as
Iter-98 loss: 27.7676
 and panigapanwe southir,, wathe. caslares empire labeores eor. The country has the world's eighth la
Iter-99 loss: 27.5677
 Paot Jaan stand area, which came deband insoto ofd fomyl mectoigictinmy wy xLont Assan wroctalitary 
Iter-100 loss: 27.3106
 in 1945 following the at the "7gove dasand the world. The Sea r wacotalinhe eaporese courth-largest