In [4]:

    

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
%matplotlib inline
import pandas as pd
from IPython.display import display
plt.rc('font', family='Verdana')
!pip install mglearn
import mglearn


    

    




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You are using pip version 9.0.1, however version 10.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

In [6]:

    

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
iris_dataset = load_iris()


    

In [9]:

    

print("Ключи iris_dataset: \n{}".format(iris_dataset.keys()))


    

    




Ключи iris_dataset: 
dict_keys(['data', 'target', 'target_names', 'DESCR', 'feature_names'])

In [15]:

    

print(iris_dataset['DESCR'] + "\n")


    

    




Iris Plants Database
====================

Notes
-----
Data Set Characteristics:
    :Number of Instances: 150 (50 in each of three classes)
    :Number of Attributes: 4 numeric, predictive attributes and the class
    :Attribute Information:
        - sepal length in cm
        - sepal width in cm
        - petal length in cm
        - petal width in cm
        - class:
                - Iris-Setosa
                - Iris-Versicolour
                - Iris-Virginica
    :Summary Statistics:

    ============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================
                    Min  Max   Mean    SD   Class Correlation
    ============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================
    sepal length:   4.3  7.9   5.84   0.83    0.7826
    sepal width:    2.0  4.4   3.05   0.43   -0.4194
    petal length:   1.0  6.9   3.76   1.76    0.9490  (high!)
    petal width:    0.1  2.5   1.20  0.76     0.9565  (high!)
    ============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================

    :Missing Attribute Values: None
    :Class Distribution: 33.3% for each of 3 classes.
    :Creator: R.A. Fisher
    :Donor: Michael Marshall (MARSHALL%PLU@io.arc.nasa.gov)
    :Date: July, 1988

This is a copy of UCI ML iris datasets.
http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/Iris

The famous Iris database, first used by Sir R.A Fisher

This is perhaps the best known database to be found in the
pattern recognition literature.  Fisher's paper is a classic in the field and
is referenced frequently to this day.  (See Duda & Hart, for example.)  The
data set contains 3 classes of 50 instances each, where each class refers to a
type of iris plant.  One class is linearly separable from the other 2; the
latter are NOT linearly separable from each other.

References
----------
   - Fisher,R.A. "The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems"
     Annual Eugenics, 7, Part II, 179-188 (1936); also in "Contributions to
     Mathematical Statistics" (John Wiley, NY, 1950).
   - Duda,R.O., & Hart,P.E. (1973) Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis.
     (Q327.D83) John Wiley & Sons.  ISBN 0-471-22361-1.  See page 218.
   - Dasarathy, B.V. (1980) "Nosing Around the Neighborhood: A New System
     Structure and Classification Rule for Recognition in Partially Exposed
     Environments".  IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
     Intelligence, Vol. PAMI-2, No. 1, 67-71.
   - Gates, G.W. (1972) "The Reduced Nearest Neighbor Rule".  IEEE Transactions
     on Information Theory, May 1972, 431-433.
   - See also: 1988 MLC Proceedings, 54-64.  Cheeseman et al"s AUTOCLASS II
     conceptual clustering system finds 3 classes in the data.
   - Many, many more ...

In [17]:

    

print("Название ответов: {}".format(iris_dataset['target_names']))


    

    




Название ответов: ['setosa' 'versicolor' 'virginica']

In [20]:

    

print("Название признаков: {}".format(iris_dataset['feature_names']))


    

    




Название признаков: ['sepal length (cm)', 'sepal width (cm)', 'petal length (cm)', 'petal width (cm)']

In [23]:

    

print("Тип массива data: {}".format(type(iris_dataset['data'])))


    

    




Тип массива data: <class 'numpy.ndarray'>

In [25]:

    

print("Форма массива data: {}".format(iris_dataset['data'].shape))


    

    




Форма массива data: (150, 4)

In [27]:

    

print("Первые пять строк из массива data:\n{}".format(iris_dataset['data'][:5]))


    

    




Первые пять строк из массива data:
[[ 5.1  3.5  1.4  0.2]
 [ 4.9  3.   1.4  0.2]
 [ 4.7  3.2  1.3  0.2]
 [ 4.6  3.1  1.5  0.2]
 [ 5.   3.6  1.4  0.2]]

In [29]:

    

print("Тип массива target: {}".format(type(iris_dataset['target'])))


    

    




Тип массива target: <class 'numpy.ndarray'>

In [31]:

    

print("Форма массива target: {}".format(iris_dataset['target'].shape))


    

    




Форма массива target: (150,)

In [35]:

    

print("Ответы:\n{}".format(iris_dataset['target']))


    

    




Ответы:
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 2 2]

In [53]:

    

print("Название ответов: ")
for i in range(len(iris_dataset['target_names'])):
    print("\t{} = {}".format(iris_dataset['target_names'][i], i))


    

    




Название ответов: 
	setosa = 0
	versicolor = 1
	virginica = 2

In [55]:

    

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
X_train, X_test, Y_train, Y_test = train_test_split(iris_dataset['data'], iris_dataset['target'], random_state=1)


    

In [57]:

    

print("Форма массива X_train: {}".format(X_train.shape))
print("Форма массива Y_train: {}".format(Y_train.shape))


    

    




Форма массива X_train: (112, 4)
Форма массива Y_train: (112,)

In [59]:

    

print("Форма массива X_test: {}".format(X_test.shape))
print("Форма массива Y_test: {}".format(Y_test.shape))


    

    




Форма массива X_test: (38, 4)
Форма массива Y_test: (38,)

In [62]:

    

iris_dataframe = pd.DataFrame(X_train, columns=iris_dataset.feature_names)
grr = pd.scatter_matrix(iris_dataframe, c=Y_train, figsize=(15, 15), marker='o', hist_kwds={'bins': 20}, s=60, alpha=.8, cmap=mglearn.cm3)


    

    




/opt/conda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/font_manager.py:1297: UserWarning: findfont: Font family ['Verdana'] not found. Falling back to DejaVu Sans
  (prop.get_family(), self.defaultFamily[fontext]))






    

In [64]:

    

from sklearn.neighbors import KNeighborsClassifier
knn = KNeighborsClassifier(n_neighbors=1)


    

In [67]:

    

knn.fit(X_train, Y_train)


    

    
Out[67]:





KNeighborsClassifier(algorithm='auto', leaf_size=30, metric='minkowski',
           metric_params=None, n_jobs=1, n_neighbors=1, p=2,
           weights='uniform')

In [71]:

    

X_new = np.array([[5, 2.9, 1, .2]])
print("Форма массива X_new: {}".format(X_new.shape))


    

    




Форма массива X_new: (1, 4)

In [73]:

    

prediction = knn.predict(X_new)
print("Прогноз: {}".format(prediction))
print("Спрогнозированная метка: {}".format(iris_dataset['target_names'][prediction]))


    

    




Прогноз: [0]
Спрогнозированная метка: ['setosa']

In [80]:

    

y_pred = knn.predict(X_test)
print("Прогнозы для тестового набора:\n{}".format(iris_dataset['target_names'][y_pred]))


    

    




Прогнозы для тестового набора:
['setosa' 'versicolor' 'versicolor' 'setosa' 'virginica' 'versicolor'
 'virginica' 'setosa' 'setosa' 'virginica' 'versicolor' 'setosa'
 'virginica' 'versicolor' 'versicolor' 'setosa' 'versicolor' 'versicolor'
 'setosa' 'setosa' 'versicolor' 'versicolor' 'versicolor' 'setosa'
 'virginica' 'versicolor' 'setosa' 'setosa' 'versicolor' 'virginica'
 'versicolor' 'virginica' 'versicolor' 'virginica' 'virginica' 'setosa'
 'versicolor' 'setosa']

In [84]:

    

print("Правильность на тестовом наборе: {:.2f}".format(np.mean(y_pred == Y_test)))


    

    




Правильность на тестовом наборе: 1.00

In [88]:

    

print("Правильность на тестовом наборе: {:.2f}".format(knn.score(X_test, Y_test)))


    

    




Правильность на тестовом наборе: 1.00

In [ ]: