Uploading data Adinda



In [127]:

    
data <- read.csv("adinda.clean2.csv")



In [132]:

    
summary(data[4:26])









    Out[132]:





      CEI           BRIB_CORR         BUSS_ETH        FAIR_COMP     
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.:0.3051   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000  
 Median :0.4702   Median :0.0000   Median :0.5000   Median :0.0000  
 Mean   :0.4814   Mean   :0.2542   Mean   :0.4462   Mean   :0.2708  
 3rd Qu.:0.6958   3rd Qu.:0.6000   3rd Qu.:0.7500   3rd Qu.:0.5000  
 Max.   :0.9524   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000  
   POL_CONTR        INDIG_PPL        IND_EC_IMP        X0TH_ENG     
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.6667   1st Qu.:1.0000   1st Qu.:0.3332  
 Median :0.0000   Median :1.0000   Median :1.0000   Median :0.5000  
 Mean   :0.3316   Mean   :0.7865   Mean   :0.8681   Mean   :0.5060  
 3rd Qu.:0.7500   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:0.6667  
 Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000  
    ALT_CEI          BRD_EFFC        BRD_INDP        BRD_MEET    
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :1.458   Min.   :1.167   Min.   :1.000  
 1st Qu.:0.3000   1st Qu.:2.059   1st Qu.:1.833   1st Qu.:2.000  
 Median :0.5000   Median :2.235   Median :1.833   Median :2.333  
 Mean   :0.4361   Mean   :2.231   Mean   :1.960   Mean   :2.333  
 3rd Qu.:0.6000   3rd Qu.:2.412   3rd Qu.:2.167   3rd Qu.:2.667  
 Max.   :0.8000   Max.   :2.882   Max.   :3.000   Max.   :3.000  
    BRD_SIZE      BRD_COMPT        DIVIDEND            LOSS       
 Min.   :1.00   Min.   :1.750   Min.   :   0.00   Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.:1.00   1st Qu.:2.500   1st Qu.:   0.00   1st Qu.:0.0000  
 Median :3.00   Median :2.500   Median :   0.00   Median :0.0000  
 Mean   :2.09   Mean   :2.525   Mean   :  70.24   Mean   :0.3125  
 3rd Qu.:3.00   3rd Qu.:2.500   3rd Qu.:  50.00   3rd Qu.:1.0000  
 Max.   :3.00   Max.   :3.000   Max.   :1666.00   Max.   :1.0000  
   TOT_ASSETS         SLACK             ROE             BRD_INDP_DIV    
 Min.   : 7.998   Min.   : 6.423   Min.   :-2.030000   Min.   :   0.00  
 1st Qu.:11.878   1st Qu.:10.603   1st Qu.:-0.001275   1st Qu.:   0.00  
 Median :12.523   Median :11.487   Median : 0.045330   Median :   0.00  
 Mean   :12.438   Mean   :11.365   Mean   : 0.036846   Mean   : 147.22  
 3rd Qu.:13.129   3rd Qu.:12.203   3rd Qu.: 0.172300   3rd Qu.:  92.01  
 Max.   :26.558   Max.   :26.605   Max.   : 0.741000   Max.   :4442.67  
  BRD_MEET_DIV     BRD_SIZE_DIV    BRD_COMPT_DIV 
 Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :   0  
 1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:   0  
 Median :   0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :   0  
 Mean   : 180.4   Mean   : 203.5   Mean   : 182  
 3rd Qu.: 125.0   3rd Qu.: 100.0   3rd Qu.: 125  
 Max.   :4998.0   Max.   :4998.0   Max.   :4165



In [133]:

    
head(data)









    Out[133]:





X Firm Year CEI BRIB_CORR BUSS_ETH FAIR_COMP POL_CONTR INDIG_PPL IND_EC_IMP ellip.h DIVIDEND LOSS TOT_ASSETS SLACK ROE BRD_INDP_DIV BRD_MEET_DIV BRD_SIZE_DIV BRD_COMPT_DIV BRD_EFFC_DIV

	1 0 1 2011 0.57143 0 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 ⋯ 30.35 0 13.71135 12.70603 0.22 60.7 75.875 91.05 75.875 75.875
	2 1 1 2012 0.54762 0 0.25 0.25 0.5 1 1 ⋯ 55.82524 0 13.81274 12.68645 0.141 93.04225 158.1713 167.4757 139.5631 131.3534
	3 2 1 2013 0.52381 0 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 ⋯ 15.36585 0 13.91446 12.91952 0.074 28.17067 35.8536 46.09755 38.41463 34.34713
	4 3 1 2014 0.52381 0 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 ⋯ 29.375 0 13.90404 12.96921 0.056 44.0625 73.4375 88.125 73.4375 63.93381
	5 4 2 2011 0.4881 0 0.5 0.75 0 1 1 ⋯ 0 0 12.36199 11.55529 0.0569 0 0 0 0 0
	6 5 2 2012 0.7381 0 1 1 1 0.667 1 ⋯ 0 1 12.46299 11.18364 -0.0773 0 0 0 0 0



In [134]:

    
tail(data)









    Out[134]:





X Firm Year CEI BRIB_CORR BUSS_ETH FAIR_COMP POL_CONTR INDIG_PPL IND_EC_IMP ellip.h DIVIDEND LOSS TOT_ASSETS SLACK ROE BRD_INDP_DIV BRD_MEET_DIV BRD_SIZE_DIV BRD_COMPT_DIV BRD_EFFC_DIV

	139 138 35 2013 0.9 0.8 1 1 1 1 1 ⋯ 0 0 12.18108 11.01443 0.0065 0 0 0 0 0
	140 139 35 2014 0.9 0.8 1 1 1 1 1 ⋯ 0 1 11.191 10.80838 -0.2002 0 0 0 0 0
	141 140 36 2011 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⋯ 0 0 11.73582 10.37572 0.2485 0 0 0 0 0
	142 141 36 2012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⋯ 0 0 11.58996 10.7465 0.1998 0 0 0 0 0
	143 142 36 2013 0.09524 0 0 0 0 0.6667 0 ⋯ 50 0 11.88416 10.85913 0.0397 90 91.6665 50 112.5 93.75
	144 143 36 2014 0.09524 0 0 0 0 0.6667 0 ⋯ 8 0 11.95293 10.62348 0.1792 14.4 14.66664 8 18 15



In [135]:

    
names(data)









    Out[135]:





	'X'
	'Firm'
	'Year'
	'CEI'
	'BRIB_CORR'
	'BUSS_ETH'
	'FAIR_COMP'
	'POL_CONTR'
	'INDIG_PPL'
	'IND_EC_IMP'
	'X0TH_ENG'
	'ALT_CEI'
	'BRD_EFFC'
	'BRD_INDP'
	'BRD_MEET'
	'BRD_SIZE'
	'BRD_COMPT'
	'DIVIDEND'
	'LOSS'
	'TOT_ASSETS'
	'SLACK'
	'ROE'
	'BRD_INDP_DIV'
	'BRD_MEET_DIV'
	'BRD_SIZE_DIV'
	'BRD_COMPT_DIV'
	'BRD_EFFC_DIV'



In [137]:

    
# ncol(data)
dataMean <- data[4:26]
dataMean









    



Warning message:
In `[<-.factor`(`*tmp*`, ri, value = "⋱"): invalid factor level, NA generatedWarning message:
In `[<-.factor`(`*tmp*`, ri, value = "⋱"): invalid factor level, NA generated





    Out[137]:





CEI BRIB_CORR BUSS_ETH FAIR_COMP POL_CONTR INDIG_PPL IND_EC_IMP X0TH_ENG ALT_CEI BRD_EFFC ellip.h BRD_COMPT DIVIDEND LOSS TOT_ASSETS SLACK ROE BRD_INDP_DIV BRD_MEET_DIV BRD_SIZE_DIV BRD_COMPT_DIV

	1 0.57143 0 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 0.7 2.5 ⋯ 2.5 30.35 0 13.7113470044 12.7060284412 0.22 60.7 75.875 91.05 75.875
	2 0.54762 0 0.25 0.25 0.5 1 1 0.8333 0.5 2.35294 ⋯ 2.5 55.82524 0 13.8127353182 12.6864522999 0.141 93.0422527508 158.171327249 167.47572 139.5631
	3 0.52381 0 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 0.6667 0.5 2.23529 ⋯ 2.5 15.36585 0 13.9144592578 12.9195200726 0.074 28.1706737805 35.8535987805 46.09755 38.414625
	4 0.52381 0 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 0.6667 0.5 2.17647 ⋯ 2.5 29.375 0 13.9040389686 12.9692108322 0.056 44.0625 73.4375 88.125 73.4375
	5 0.4881 0 0.5 0.75 0 1 1 0.1667 0.3 2.26458 ⋯ 2.225 0 0 12.3619890894 11.5552915905 0.0569 0 0 0 0
	6 0.7381 0 1 1 1 0.667 1 0.5 0.5 2.17647 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 12.4629864454 11.1836429401 -0.0773 0 0 0 0
	7 0.45238 0 1 0 0 0.6667 1 0.5 0.6 2.41176 ⋯ 2.75 0 1 12.5861164202 10.351711481 -0.0799 0 0 0 0
	8 0.78571 0 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 0.4 2.29412 ⋯ 2.75 0 1 12.6273005539 10.722222464 -0.2293 0 0 0 0
	9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.77083 ⋯ 2.25 0 1 11.0478979619 9.5402516202 -0.6431 0 0 0 0
	10 0.19444 0 0 0 0 1 0.5 0.1667 0.3 2.05882 ⋯ 2 0 1 8.1784865822 6.4482448881 -0.382 0 0 0 0
	11 0.19048 0 0 0 0 0.6667 0.5 0.1667 0.2 2.11765 ⋯ 2 0 0 12.1729938377 7.4794296236 0.012 0 0 0 0
	12 0.4881 0 0.25 0 0.5 1 1 0.6667 0.4 2.05882 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 11.1784865822 9.5032344573 -0.361 0 0 0 0
	13 0.40476 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.8333 0.6 2.08333 ⋯ 2.5 3.55 0 13.2722636571 12.6748377642 0.3073 9.4666785 7.6916785 3.55 8.875
	14 0.48611 0 1 0.25 0 1 1 0.6667 0.6 2.41176 ⋯ 3 7.76699 1 13.3191970495 12.5483202289 -0.7409 18.1229507767 15.53398 23.30097 23.30097
	15 0.72143 0.8 1 0.25 0 1 1 1 0.6 2.41176 ⋯ 2.75 0 1 13.3874380093 12.6970048826 -2.03 0 0 0 0
	16 0.80476 0.8 1 1 0 1 1 0.83333 0.6 1.66667 ⋯ 2 0 1 13.3456187486 12.6277011786 -2.02 0 0 0 0
	17 0.77619 0.6 1 0 1 1 1 0.8333 0.6 2.10417 ⋯ 2.75 0 0 13.2406593298 12.0508361992 0.04726 0 0 0 0
	18 0.675 0.8 0.5 0.25 1 1 1 0.5 0.7 2.52941 ⋯ 2.75 0 1 13.2853840191 12.0537505376 -0.04 0 0 0 0
	19 0.7881 0.6 0.75 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.6667 0.6 2.4 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 13.3844073925 12.1527925385 0.04 0 0 0 0
	20 0.68095 0.6 0.75 0 0.75 1 1 0.6667 0.6 2.35294 ⋯ 2.75 0 1 13.367246593 10.8946206959 -0.125 0 0 0 0
	21 0.64286 0 1 1 0 1 1 0.5 0.5 2.45833 ⋯ 2.5 80 0 13.1579460937 12.1841219331 0.285 160 186.6664 240 200
	22 0.64286 0 1 1 0 1 1 0.5 0.5 2 ⋯ 2.5 200 0 26.5576476762 26.6045810686 0.078 400 300 600 500
	23 0.58095 0.4 0.75 0 0.75 0.6667 1 0.5 0.5 1.94118 ⋯ 2.5 200 0 13.3670159581 12.2702223055 0.078 366.666 300 600 500
	24 0.52381 0 0.5 0.5 0 1 1 0.6667 0.7 2.05882 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 13.1619876703 12.0004251778 -0.74 0 0 0 0
	25 0.54048 0.2 0.25 0.25 0.25 1 1 0.8333 0.7 2.0625 ⋯ 2.75 0 1 12.5672680016 11.5286472517 -0.08 0 0 0 0
	26 0.48889 0.6 0.5 0.5 0 0.667 1 0.6667 0.5 2.41176 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 12.6300977378 11.3602530756 -0.14 0 0 0 0
	27 0.5619 0.6 0.5 0.5 0 0.6667 1 0.6667 0.5 2.17647 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 12.7291211112 11.4592764489 0.14 0 0 0 0
	28 0.87619 0.8 1 1 0.5 1 1 0.8333 0.7 2.35294 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 12.6481879756 11.2303385455 0 0 0 0 0
	29 0.45238 0 0.25 0.25 0 1 1 0.6667 0.6 2.85417 ⋯ 2.75 0 1 13.0342272608 12.2860071221 -0.16021 0 0 0 0
	30 0.45238 0 0.25 0.25 0 1 1 0.6667 0.6 2.76471 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 13.0516207617 11.7430376281 0.16 0 0 0 0
	31 ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ NA ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮
	115 0.70952 0.8 0.5 0 1 1 1 0.6667 0.5 2.52941 ⋯ 2.5 56.29 0 12.8967077235 11.787954708 0.13 140.725 140.725 168.87 140.725
	116 0.70952 0.8 0.5 0 1 1 1 0.6667 0.6 2.52941 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 12.9891149348 11.5616927667 0.13 0 0 0 0
	117 0.28571 0 0.5 0 0 0.3333 1 0.1667 0.1 1.79167 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 11.3389572862 10.0179147083 0.01 0 0 0 0
	118 0.36111 0 0.25 0.25 0.5 1 1 0.1667 0.4 1.875 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 11.2455151354 10.1522744363 0.035 0 0 0 0
	119 0.5 0 0.75 0 0.75 0.6667 1 0.3333 0.2 1.88235 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 11.5144946247 10.115563104 0.0061 0 0 0 0
	120 0.46429 0 0.5 0 0.75 0.6667 1 0.3333 0.2 1.88235 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 11.5635439705 10.0134247523 0.0115 0 0 0 0
	121 0.42857 0 0 0.5 0.5 1 1 0 0.3 2.0625 ⋯ 2.75 0 0 11.1718455607 10.5221477744 0.4375 0 0 0 0
	122 0.19444 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.1667 0.3 2.3125 ⋯ 2.75 0 0 11.1718463433 10.5221477744 0.233 0 0 0 0
	123 0.21429 0 0 0 0 0.3333 1 0.1667 0.1 2.52941 ⋯ 2.5 2 0 11.1958802885 10.6990299801 0.1972 5 5 6 5
	124 0.40476 0 0.5 0 0 1 1 0.3333 0.3 2.52941 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 11.5595224096 10.6774998968 0.0278 0 0 0 0
	125 0.21429 0 0 0 0 0.3333 1 0.1667 0.1 1.875 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 12.233171158 10.4750307202 0.11 0 0 0 0
	126 0.08333 0 0 0 0 0.3333 1 0.1667 0 1.94118 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 12.1771034541 10.4350252801 0.09 0 0 0 0
	127 0.21429 0 0 0 0 0.3333 1 0.1667 0.1 1.86667 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 12.7416338893 9.1845256176 0.026 0 0 0 0
	128 0.21429 0 0 0 0 0.3333 1 0.167 0.1 1.86667 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 12.7413448947 11.3527985687 -0.031 0 0 0 0
	129 0.65476 0 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.6667 1 0.6667 0.5 2.25 ⋯ 2.5 190.90909 0 12.3499358778 11.7413625283 0.34 286.363635 381.81818 572.72727 477.272725
	130 0.43056 0 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.6667 1 0.6667 0.2 2.11765 ⋯ 2.5 436.8932 0 12.4160067669 11.4418842296 0.24 728.156789644 946.603389644 1310.6796 1092.233
	131 0.69762 0.8 0.25 0 1 1 1 0.8333 0.6 2.11765 ⋯ 2.5 457.31707 0 12.5241759802 11.7059944712 0.25 685.975605 1067.07163894 1371.95121 1143.292675
	132 0.69762 0.8 0.25 0 1 1 1 0.8333 0.6 2.11765 ⋯ 2.5 468.5 0 12.5117079374 11.6956677003 0.17 702.75 1093.165105 1405.5 1171.25
	133 0.74048 0.6 0.75 0.75 0.75 1 1 0.3333 0.3 2.375 ⋯ 2.5 74 0 13.2613536923 12.535755392 0.14 123.33358 172.66642 222 185
	134 0.62222 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 0.8333 0.7 2.23529 ⋯ 2.5 60 0 13.3577247208 12.5316967087 0.03 109.9998 139.9998 180 150
	135 0.67619 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 0.8333 0.7 2.29412 ⋯ 2.5 44.47561 1 13.4509853246 12.6001590316 -7e-04 81.5384700813 111.189025 133.42683 111.189025
	136 0.67619 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 1 0.83333 0.7 2.29412 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 13.4568123018 12.6189591745 -0.0315 0 0 0 0
	137 0.78095 0.8 1 1 1 0 1 0.6667 0.6 2.375 ⋯ 2.5 10 1 11.9643904694 10.9298073638 -0.0434 18.3333 21.6667 30 25
	138 0.74444 0.8 1 1 1 0 1 0.6667 0.5 2.29412 ⋯ 2.25 0 1 12.0309807223 10.8882940238 -0.1516 0 0 0 0
	139 0.9 0.8 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 0.5 2.29412 ⋯ 2.5 0 0 12.1810763428 11.0144283289 0.0065 0 0 0 0
	140 0.9 0.8 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 0.5 2.29412 ⋯ 2.5 0 1 11.1909966401 10.8083797949 -0.2002 0 0 0 0
	141 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.14583 ⋯ 2.25 0 0 11.735823972 10.375715169 0.2485 0 0 0 0
	142 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.88235 ⋯ 2.25 0 0 11.5899574163 10.7464982777 0.1998 0 0 0 0
	143 0.09524 0 0 0 0 0.6667 0 0 0 1.875 ⋯ 2.25 50 0 11.8841615278 10.8591271023 0.0397 90 91.6665 50 112.5
	144 0.09524 0 0 0 0 0.6667 0 0 0 1.875 ⋯ 2.25 8 0 11.95292879 10.62347862 0.1792 14.4 14.66664 8 18

Summary Statistics



In [112]:

    
library(stargazer)



In [113]:

    
summary(data)









    Out[113]:





      Firm            Year           CEI           BRIB_CORR     
 Min.   : 1.00   Min.   :2011   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.: 9.75   1st Qu.:2012   1st Qu.:0.3051   1st Qu.:0.0000  
 Median :18.50   Median :2012   Median :0.4702   Median :0.0000  
 Mean   :18.50   Mean   :2012   Mean   :0.4814   Mean   :0.2542  
 3rd Qu.:27.25   3rd Qu.:2013   3rd Qu.:0.6958   3rd Qu.:0.6000  
 Max.   :36.00   Max.   :2014   Max.   :0.9524   Max.   :1.0000  
    BUSS_ETH        FAIR_COMP        POL_CONTR        INDIG_PPL     
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.6667  
 Median :0.5000   Median :0.0000   Median :0.0000   Median :1.0000  
 Mean   :0.4462   Mean   :0.2708   Mean   :0.3316   Mean   :0.7865  
 3rd Qu.:0.7500   3rd Qu.:0.5000   3rd Qu.:0.7500   3rd Qu.:1.0000  
 Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000  
   IND_EC_IMP        X0TH_ENG         ALT_CEI          BRD_EFFC    
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :1.458  
 1st Qu.:1.0000   1st Qu.:0.3332   1st Qu.:0.3000   1st Qu.:2.059  
 Median :1.0000   Median :0.5000   Median :0.5000   Median :2.235  
 Mean   :0.8681   Mean   :0.5060   Mean   :0.4361   Mean   :2.231  
 3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:0.6667   3rd Qu.:0.6000   3rd Qu.:2.412  
 Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :0.8000   Max.   :2.882  
    BRD_INDP        BRD_MEET        BRD_SIZE      BRD_COMPT    
 Min.   :1.167   Min.   :1.000   Min.   :1.00   Min.   :1.750  
 1st Qu.:1.833   1st Qu.:2.000   1st Qu.:1.00   1st Qu.:2.500  
 Median :1.833   Median :2.333   Median :3.00   Median :2.500  
 Mean   :1.960   Mean   :2.333   Mean   :2.09   Mean   :2.525  
 3rd Qu.:2.167   3rd Qu.:2.667   3rd Qu.:3.00   3rd Qu.:2.500  
 Max.   :3.000   Max.   :3.000   Max.   :3.00   Max.   :3.000  
    DIVIDEND            LOSS          TOT_ASSETS            SLACK          
 Min.   :   0.00   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :9.957e+07   Min.   :2.649e+06  
 1st Qu.:   0.00   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:7.557e+11   1st Qu.:4.009e+10  
 Median :   0.00   Median :0.0000   Median :3.332e+12   Median :3.073e+11  
 Mean   :  70.24   Mean   :0.3125   Mean   :2.508e+24   Mean   :2.794e+24  
 3rd Qu.:  50.00   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:1.348e+13   3rd Qu.:1.597e+12  
 Max.   :1666.00   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :3.611e+26   Max.   :4.023e+26  
      ROE             BRD_INDP_DIV      BRD_MEET_DIV     BRD_SIZE_DIV   
 Min.   :-2.030000   Min.   :   0.00   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :   0.0  
 1st Qu.:-0.001275   1st Qu.:   0.00   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0  
 Median : 0.045330   Median :   0.00   Median :   0.0   Median :   0.0  
 Mean   : 0.036846   Mean   : 147.22   Mean   : 180.4   Mean   : 203.5  
 3rd Qu.: 0.172300   3rd Qu.:  92.01   3rd Qu.: 125.0   3rd Qu.: 100.0  
 Max.   : 0.741000   Max.   :4442.67   Max.   :4998.0   Max.   :4998.0  
 BRD_COMPT_DIV   BRD_EFFC_DIV   
 Min.   :   0   Min.   :   0.0  
 1st Qu.:   0   1st Qu.:   0.0  
 Median :   0   Median :   0.0  
 Mean   : 182   Mean   : 172.0  
 3rd Qu.: 125   3rd Qu.: 110.6  
 Max.   :4165   Max.   :4606.0

Plotting



In [114]:

    
library("ggplot2")



In [115]:

    
qplot( y = data$TOBINQ, x = data$SIZE)









    



Error in exists(name, envir = env, mode = mode): argument "env" is missing, with no default

Regression



In [138]:

    
library("plm")



In [139]:

    
data_panel <- pdata.frame(data, index = c("Firm", "Year"), drop.index =  TRUE, row.names = TRUE)



In [140]:

    
head(data_panel)









    Out[140]:





X CEI BRIB_CORR BUSS_ETH FAIR_COMP POL_CONTR INDIG_PPL IND_EC_IMP X0TH_ENG ALT_CEI ellip.h DIVIDEND LOSS TOT_ASSETS SLACK ROE BRD_INDP_DIV BRD_MEET_DIV BRD_SIZE_DIV BRD_COMPT_DIV BRD_EFFC_DIV

	1-2011 0 0.57143 0 0.5 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 0.7 ⋯ 30.35 0 13.71135 12.70603 0.22 60.7 75.875 91.05 75.875 75.875
	1-2012 1 0.54762 0 0.25 0.25 0.5 1 1 0.8333 0.5 ⋯ 55.82524 0 13.81274 12.68645 0.141 93.04225 158.1713 167.4757 139.5631 131.3534
	1-2013 2 0.52381 0 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 0.6667 0.5 ⋯ 15.36585 0 13.91446 12.91952 0.074 28.17067 35.8536 46.09755 38.41463 34.34713
	1-2014 3 0.52381 0 0.5 0.25 0.25 1 1 0.6667 0.5 ⋯ 29.375 0 13.90404 12.96921 0.056 44.0625 73.4375 88.125 73.4375 63.93381
	2-2011 4 0.4881 0 0.5 0.75 0 1 1 0.1667 0.3 ⋯ 0 0 12.36199 11.55529 0.0569 0 0 0 0 0
	2-2012 5 0.7381 0 1 1 1 0.667 1 0.5 0.5 ⋯ 0 1 12.46299 11.18364 -0.0773 0 0 0 0 0



In [141]:

    
tabel2_reg1 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT, data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg2 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg3 <- plm(BRIB_CORR ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg4 <- plm(BUSS_ETH ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg5 <- plm(FAIR_COMP ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg6 <- plm(POL_CONTR ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg7 <- plm(INDIG_PPL ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg8 <- plm(IND_EC_IMP ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel2_reg9 <- plm(X0TH_ENG ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )



In [ ]:



In [142]:

    
library(lmtest)



In [143]:

    
tabel3_reg2 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + DIVIDEND +  LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel3_reg2 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + DIVIDEND + BRD_INDP_DIV + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel3_reg3 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + DIVIDEND + BRD_MEET_DIV +LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel3_reg4 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + DIVIDEND + BRD_SIZE_DIV +LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel3_reg5 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + DIVIDEND + BRD_COMPT_DIV +LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE , data = data_panel, model = "within" )



In [144]:

    
summary(tabel3_reg5)









    Out[144]:





Oneway (individual) effect Within Model

Call:
plm(formula = CEI ~ BRD_INDP + BRD_MEET + BRD_SIZE + BRD_COMPT + 
    DIVIDEND + BRD_COMPT_DIV + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE, 
    data = data_panel, model = "within")

Balanced Panel: n=36, T=4, N=144

Residuals :
    Min.  1st Qu.   Median  3rd Qu.     Max. 
-0.29200 -0.06850 -0.00508  0.07040  0.29800 

Coefficients :
                 Estimate  Std. Error t-value Pr(>|t|)   
BRD_INDP       8.4966e-02  6.6897e-02  1.2701 0.207055   
BRD_MEET       5.1229e-02  4.7156e-02  1.0864 0.279983   
BRD_SIZE      -7.4791e-03  2.3705e-02 -0.3155 0.753051   
BRD_COMPT      1.0300e-03  7.6946e-02  0.0134 0.989347   
DIVIDEND      -3.5305e-05  1.1281e-03 -0.0313 0.975098   
BRD_COMPT_DIV -3.8764e-05  4.4336e-04 -0.0874 0.930507   
LOSS          -4.9450e-02  3.5688e-02 -1.3856 0.169012   
TOT_ASSETS     2.6793e-02  2.3470e-02  1.1416 0.256414   
SLACK         -1.9605e-02  2.1756e-02 -0.9011 0.369748   
ROE           -1.6469e-01  5.5440e-02 -2.9707 0.003737 **
---
Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1

Total Sum of Squares:    1.7267
Residual Sum of Squares: 1.5156
R-Squared      :  0.12226 
      Adj. R-Squared :  0.083202 
F-statistic: 1.36499 on 10 and 98 DF, p-value: 0.2079



In [145]:

    
names(data)









    Out[145]:





	'X'
	'Firm'
	'Year'
	'CEI'
	'BRIB_CORR'
	'BUSS_ETH'
	'FAIR_COMP'
	'POL_CONTR'
	'INDIG_PPL'
	'IND_EC_IMP'
	'X0TH_ENG'
	'ALT_CEI'
	'BRD_EFFC'
	'BRD_INDP'
	'BRD_MEET'
	'BRD_SIZE'
	'BRD_COMPT'
	'DIVIDEND'
	'LOSS'
	'TOT_ASSETS'
	'SLACK'
	'ROE'
	'BRD_INDP_DIV'
	'BRD_MEET_DIV'
	'BRD_SIZE_DIV'
	'BRD_COMPT_DIV'
	'BRD_EFFC_DIV'



In [146]:

    
tabel4_reg1 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_EFFC +  DIVIDEND +  LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE, data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel4_reg2 <- plm(ALT_CEI ~ BRD_EFFC +  DIVIDEND +  LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE, data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel4_reg3 <- plm(CEI ~ BRD_EFFC +  DIVIDEND + BRD_EFFC_DIV + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE, data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel4_reg4 <- plm(ALT_CEI ~ BRD_EFFC +  DIVIDEND + BRD_EFFC_DIV + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE, data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel4_reg5 <- plm(BRD_EFFC ~ ALT_CEI + LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE, data = data_panel, model = "within" )
tabel4_reg6 <- plm(ALT_CEI ~ BRD_EFFC +LOSS + TOT_ASSETS + SLACK + ROE, data = data_panel, model = "within" )



In [147]:

    
robust111 <- coeftest(tabel4_reg1, vcov=function(x) vcovHC(x, method="arellano",
                                                          type="HC1", cluster="group"))
robust222 <- coeftest(tabel4_reg2, vcov=function(x) vcovHC(x, method="arellano",
                                                          type="HC1", cluster="group"))
robust333 <- coeftest(tabel4_reg3, vcov=function(x) vcovHC(x, method="arellano",
                                                          type="HC1", cluster="group"))
robust445 <- coeftest(tabel4_reg4, vcov=function(x) vcovHC(x, method="arellano",
                                                          type="HC1", cluster="group"))
robust555 <- coeftest(tabel4_reg5, vcov=function(x) vcovHC(x, method="arellano",
                                                          type="HC1", cluster="group"))
robust666 <- coeftest(tabel4_reg5, vcov=function(x) vcovHC(x, method="arellano",
                                                          type="HC1", cluster="group"))

Coba Regresi Billy

Hausman Test: H0: RE vs H1: FE



In [76]:

    
skripsi.fe <- plm(TOBINQ ~ PDEBT + LogAssets + LEV + LIQ + INTCOV + PROF + DR + GROWTH + FIRMAGE, data = data_panel, model = "within")
skripsi.re <- plm(TOBINQ ~ PDEBT + LogAssets + LEV + LIQ + INTCOV + PROF + DR + GROWTH + FIRMAGE, data = data_panel, model = "random")









    



Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'TOBINQ' not found






    



Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'TOBINQ' not found



In [77]:

    
summary(skripsi.fe)









    



Error in summary(skripsi.fe): object 'skripsi.fe' not found



In [78]:

    
summary(skripsi.re)









    



Error in summary(skripsi.re): object 'skripsi.re' not found



In [79]:

    
phtest( skripsi.fe, skripsi.re)









    



Error in phtest(skripsi.fe, skripsi.re): object 'skripsi.fe' not found

Hausman menghasilkan penggunaan Fixed Effect

Poolability Test



In [80]:

    
pooltest.billy <- pooltest(TOBINQ ~ PDEBT + FIRMAGE + LIQ, data = data_panel, model="within")









    



Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'TOBINQ' not found



In [81]:

    
pooltest.billy









    



Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'pooltest.billy' not found

Bruesch Pagan Test



In [82]:

    
pool_rergression <- plm(TOBINQ ~ PDEBT + SIZE + LEV + LIQ + INTCOV + PROF + DR + GROWTH + FIRMAGE, data = data_panel, model="pooling")
bpagan_test <- plmtest(pool_rergression,effect="twoways",type="bp")









    



Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'TOBINQ' not found






    



Error in plmtest(pool_rergression, effect = "twoways", type = "bp"): object 'pool_rergression' not found



In [83]:

    
bpagan_test









    



Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'bpagan_test' not found

BP Test significant dan Hausman significant, sehinggga menggunakan Fixed effect



In [84]:

    
summary(skripsi.fe)









    



Error in summary(skripsi.fe): object 'skripsi.fe' not found



In [85]:

    
summary(data_panel)









    Out[85]:





       X               CEI           BRIB_CORR         BUSS_ETH     
 Min.   :  0.00   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.: 35.75   1st Qu.:0.3051   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000  
 Median : 71.50   Median :0.4702   Median :0.0000   Median :0.5000  
 Mean   : 71.50   Mean   :0.4814   Mean   :0.2542   Mean   :0.4462  
 3rd Qu.:107.25   3rd Qu.:0.6958   3rd Qu.:0.6000   3rd Qu.:0.7500  
 Max.   :143.00   Max.   :0.9524   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000  
   FAIR_COMP        POL_CONTR        INDIG_PPL        IND_EC_IMP    
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000  
 1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:0.6667   1st Qu.:1.0000  
 Median :0.0000   Median :0.0000   Median :1.0000   Median :1.0000  
 Mean   :0.2708   Mean   :0.3316   Mean   :0.7865   Mean   :0.8681  
 3rd Qu.:0.5000   3rd Qu.:0.7500   3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:1.0000  
 Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :1.0000  
    X0TH_ENG         ALT_CEI          BRD_EFFC        BRD_INDP    
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :1.458   Min.   :1.167  
 1st Qu.:0.3332   1st Qu.:0.3000   1st Qu.:2.059   1st Qu.:1.833  
 Median :0.5000   Median :0.5000   Median :2.235   Median :1.833  
 Mean   :0.5060   Mean   :0.4361   Mean   :2.231   Mean   :1.960  
 3rd Qu.:0.6667   3rd Qu.:0.6000   3rd Qu.:2.412   3rd Qu.:2.167  
 Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :0.8000   Max.   :2.882   Max.   :3.000  
    BRD_MEET        BRD_SIZE      BRD_COMPT        DIVIDEND      
 Min.   :1.000   Min.   :1.00   Min.   :1.750   Min.   :   0.00  
 1st Qu.:2.000   1st Qu.:1.00   1st Qu.:2.500   1st Qu.:   0.00  
 Median :2.333   Median :3.00   Median :2.500   Median :   0.00  
 Mean   :2.333   Mean   :2.09   Mean   :2.525   Mean   :  70.24  
 3rd Qu.:2.667   3rd Qu.:3.00   3rd Qu.:2.500   3rd Qu.:  50.00  
 Max.   :3.000   Max.   :3.00   Max.   :3.000   Max.   :1666.00  
      LOSS          TOT_ASSETS            SLACK                ROE           
 Min.   :0.0000   Min.   :9.957e+07   Min.   :2.649e+06   Min.   :-2.030000  
 1st Qu.:0.0000   1st Qu.:7.557e+11   1st Qu.:4.009e+10   1st Qu.:-0.001275  
 Median :0.0000   Median :3.332e+12   Median :3.073e+11   Median : 0.045330  
 Mean   :0.3125   Mean   :2.508e+24   Mean   :2.794e+24   Mean   : 0.036846  
 3rd Qu.:1.0000   3rd Qu.:1.348e+13   3rd Qu.:1.597e+12   3rd Qu.: 0.172300  
 Max.   :1.0000   Max.   :3.611e+26   Max.   :4.023e+26   Max.   : 0.741000  
  BRD_INDP_DIV      BRD_MEET_DIV     BRD_SIZE_DIV    BRD_COMPT_DIV 
 Min.   :   0.00   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :   0.0   Min.   :   0  
 1st Qu.:   0.00   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:   0.0   1st Qu.:   0  
 Median :   0.00   Median :   0.0   Median :   0.0   Median :   0  
 Mean   : 147.22   Mean   : 180.4   Mean   : 203.5   Mean   : 182  
 3rd Qu.:  92.01   3rd Qu.: 125.0   3rd Qu.: 100.0   3rd Qu.: 125  
 Max.   :4442.67   Max.   :4998.0   Max.   :4998.0   Max.   :4165  
  BRD_EFFC_DIV   
 Min.   :   0.0  
 1st Qu.:   0.0  
 Median :   0.0  
 Mean   : 172.0  
 3rd Qu.: 110.6  
 Max.   :4606.0



In [86]:

    
qplot(y = data$LogTobinsQ, x = data$LIQ, geom = c("point", "smooth"), method = lm)









    



Error in exists(name, envir = env, mode = mode): argument "env" is missing, with no default



In [87]:

    
var(data$LIQ)









    



Error in var(data$LIQ): 'x' is NULL



In [88]:

    
var(data$TOBINQ)









    



Error in var(data$TOBINQ): 'x' is NULL



In [89]:

    
qplot(data$TOBINQ)









    



Error in exists(name, envir = env, mode = mode): argument "env" is missing, with no default



In [90]:

    
skripsi.try1 <- plm(log(TOBINQ) ~ PDEBT + log(SIZE) + log(LEV) + log(LIQ) + log(INTCOV) + log(PROF) + DR + log(GROWTH) + FIRMAGE + y1 + y2 + y3 , data = data_panel, model = "within")









    



Error in eval(expr, envir, enclos): object 'TOBINQ' not found



In [91]:

    
summary(skripsi.try1)









    



Error in summary(skripsi.try1): object 'skripsi.try1' not found



In [92]:

    
install.packages("R2wd")









    



Installing package into ‘/home/qbits7/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.2’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)






    



Error in contrib.url(repos, type): trying to use CRAN without setting a mirror



In [ ]:



In [ ]:



In [ ]:



In [ ]:



In [ ]:



In [ ]:

	X	Firm	Year	CEI	BUSS_ETH	FAIR_COMP	POL_CONTR	INDIG_PPL	IND_EC_IMP	ellip.h	DIVIDEND	LOSS	TOT_ASSETS	SLACK	ROE	BRD_INDP_DIV	BRD_MEET_DIV	BRD_SIZE_DIV	BRD_COMPT_DIV	BRD_EFFC_DIV
1	0	1	2011	0.57143	0.5	0.5	0.25	0.25	1	⋯	30.35	0	13.71135	12.70603	0.22	60.7	75.875	91.05	75.875	75.875
2	1	1	2012	0.54762	0.25	0.25	0.5	1	1	⋯	55.82524	0	13.81274	12.68645	0.141	93.04225	158.1713	167.4757	139.5631	131.3534
3	2	1	2013	0.52381	0.5	0.25	0.25	1	1	⋯	15.36585	0	13.91446	12.91952	0.074	28.17067	35.8536	46.09755	38.41463	34.34713
4	3	1	2014	0.52381	0.5	0.25	0.25	1	1	⋯	29.375	0	13.90404	12.96921	0.056	44.0625	73.4375	88.125	73.4375	63.93381
5	4	2	2011	0.4881	0.5	0.75	0	1	1	⋯	0	0	12.36199	11.55529	0.0569	0	0	0	0	0
6	5	2	2012	0.7381	1	1	1	0.667	1	⋯	0	1	12.46299	11.18364	-0.0773	0	0	0	0	0

	X	Firm	Year	CEI	BRIB_CORR	BUSS_ETH	FAIR_COMP	POL_CONTR	INDIG_PPL	IND_EC_IMP	ellip.h	DIVIDEND	LOSS	TOT_ASSETS	SLACK	ROE	BRD_INDP_DIV	BRD_MEET_DIV	BRD_SIZE_DIV	BRD_COMPT_DIV	BRD_EFFC_DIV
139	138	35	2013	0.9	0.8	1	1	1	1	1	⋯	0	0	12.18108	11.01443	0.0065	0	0	0	0	0
140	139	35	2014	0.9	0.8	1	1	1	1	1	⋯	0	1	11.191	10.80838	-0.2002	0	0	0	0	0
141	140	36	2011	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	⋯	0	0	11.73582	10.37572	0.2485	0	0	0	0	0
142	141	36	2012	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	⋯	0	0	11.58996	10.7465	0.1998	0	0	0	0	0
143	142	36	2013	0.09524	0	0	0	0	0.6667	0	⋯	50	0	11.88416	10.85913	0.0397	90	91.6665	50	112.5	93.75
144	143	36	2014	0.09524	0	0	0	0	0.6667	0	⋯	8	0	11.95293	10.62348	0.1792	14.4	14.66664	8	18	15

	X	CEI	BUSS_ETH	FAIR_COMP	POL_CONTR	INDIG_PPL	IND_EC_IMP	X0TH_ENG	ALT_CEI	ellip.h	DIVIDEND	LOSS	TOT_ASSETS	SLACK	ROE	BRD_INDP_DIV	BRD_MEET_DIV	BRD_SIZE_DIV	BRD_COMPT_DIV	BRD_EFFC_DIV
1-2011	0	0.57143	0.5	0.5	0.25	0.25	1	1	0.7	⋯	30.35	0	13.71135	12.70603	0.22	60.7	75.875	91.05	75.875	75.875
1-2012	1	0.54762	0.25	0.25	0.5	1	1	0.8333	0.5	⋯	55.82524	0	13.81274	12.68645	0.141	93.04225	158.1713	167.4757	139.5631	131.3534
1-2013	2	0.52381	0.5	0.25	0.25	1	1	0.6667	0.5	⋯	15.36585	0	13.91446	12.91952	0.074	28.17067	35.8536	46.09755	38.41463	34.34713
1-2014	3	0.52381	0.5	0.25	0.25	1	1	0.6667	0.5	⋯	29.375	0	13.90404	12.96921	0.056	44.0625	73.4375	88.125	73.4375	63.93381
2-2011	4	0.4881	0.5	0.75	0	1	1	0.1667	0.3	⋯	0	0	12.36199	11.55529	0.0569	0	0	0	0	0
2-2012	5	0.7381	1	1	1	0.667	1	0.5	0.5	⋯	0	1	12.46299	11.18364	-0.0773	0	0	0	0	0